Effects of chili straw on rumen fermentation, meat quality, amino acid and fatty acid contents, and rumen bacteria diversity in sheep.

Crop residues have shown promise as non-conventional feed sources to enhance animal health and growth. This study evaluated the effects of chili straw (CS) on rumen fermentation, meat quality, amino and fatty acid composition, and rumen microbial diversity in sheep. Fifty F1 Dorper×Hu lambs (29.

Highly pathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus BJ-11 unveils genetic evolution related to virulence in calves.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is the causative agent of bovine viral diarrhea, which causes significant economic loss to the global livestock industry. Despite the widespread use of inactivated BVDV vaccines, highly pathogenic strains continue to emerge. In China, regional variations in BVDV subtypes, morbidities, and symptoms, however, only the BVDV 1a subtype vaccine is currently approved.

One health agriculture: Heat stress mitigation dilemma in agriculture.

The concept of One Health was developed as a successful strategy for addressing global crises that impact the health of animals, humans, and plants. The agriculture industry is facing a huge dilemma due to climate change and the impacts of heat stress, which might pose a threat to mankind in the future. In order to enhance the management of heat stress in the agriculture sector (Agri-heat stress), we suggest implementing the One Health approach.

Crop rotation increases Tibetan barley yield and soil quality on the Tibetan Plateau.

Tibetan barley (Hordeum vulgare) accounts for over 70% of the total food production in the Tibetan Plateau. However, continuous cropping of Tibetan barley causes soil degradation, reduces soil quality and causes yield decline. Here we explore the benefits of crop rotation with wheat and rape to improve crop yield and soil quality.

Management factors affecting milk yield, composition, and quality on smallholder dairy farms.

A cross-sectional study on 156 smallholder dairy farms in Rwanda was carried out to assess the association between farm management practices and milk yield and quality. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data on cow characteristics and farm management practices. Milk yield was recorded at household level, milk composition was monitored using a Lactoscan device (Milk Analyzer).

Essential and risk elements in horses affect haematology, serum biochemistry and oxidative status parameters.

The abundance of chemical elements in the blood of horses can indicate the physiological balance, health of animal as well as can be taken as an indicator of environmental pollution. The aim of this work was to analyse haematological, biochemical parameters, TOS, FRAP, SOD, Gpx, TAS and their correlations with concentrations of essential and risk elements in blood of horses stabled in two different locations: The National Stud Farm Topoľčianky (n = 11; 11 stallions, consisting of the breeds 6 Lipizzan, 3 Slovak warmblood, 2 Holsteiner) and Experimental Centre at Institute of Animal Husbandry, SUA in Nitra (n = 10; 4 stallions, 5 geldings, 1 mare, 4 stallions, 5 geldings and 1 mare, consisting of the breeds 3 Slovak warmblood, 4 Czech warmblood, 3 Holsteiner). Blood samples were obtained from horses (n = 21) from two localities in the Slovak Republic during May.

Fipronil in sub-lethal doses leads to immuno-toxicological effects in broiler birds.

Pesticides, including fipronil, are used mainly in agriculture; however, in veterinary and animal husbandry, their potential use is to control the pests responsible for vector-borne diseases. Their residues in agriculture products and direct use on farms are responsible for potentially harming livestock and poultry. So, this study was designed to evaluate the toxico-pathological effects of fipronil on the immune system of poultry birds.

"Without a man's decision, nothing works": Building resilience to Rift Valley fever in pastoralist communities in Isiolo Kenya.

Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a zoonotic disease that affects both livestock and humans. Men and women in pastoralist communities are vulnerable to RVF risk exposure because of their different roles and reliance on livestock products. This study sought to understand how ownership and decision-making in pastoralist male and female-headed households influence coping mechanisms and resilience to Rift Valley fever (RVF), using the three resilience capacities of absorptive, adaptive, and transformative.

Inhibition of triglyceride metabolism-associated enhancers alters lipid deposition during adipocyte differentiation.

Triglyceride (TG) metabolism is a complex and highly coordinated biological process regulated by a series of genes, and its dysregulation can lead to the occurrence of disorders in lipid metabolism. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of crucial genes in TG metabolism mediated by enhancer-promoter interactions remain elusive. Here, we identified candidate enhancers regulating the Agpat2, Dgat1, Dgat2, Pnpla2, and Lipe genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by integrating epigenomic data (H3K27ac, H3K4me1, and DHS-seq) with chromatin three-dimensional interaction data.

Genetic analysis of growth traits in Salem Black goats under farm conditions.

In this study, data on pedigree, production traits for 19 years (2002-2022) of Salem Black goat from the Mecheri Sheep Research Station, Tamil Nadu, India was used. Various growth traits viz., birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), 6-month weight (6W), 9-month weight (9W), 12-month weight (YW), pre- and post-weaning average daily gain (ADG) (3-6, 6-9, 9-12 and 3-12 months) were analyzed.

Corrigendum: Specific detection of duck adeno-associated virus using a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.

Joint exploration of network pharmacology and metabolomics on the effects of traditional Chinese medicine compounds in weaned yaks.

Introduction: Chinese herbal medicines are relatively inexpensive and have fewer side effects, making them an effective option for improving health and treating diseases. As a result, they have gained more attention in recent years. The weaning period is a critical stage in the life of yaks, often inducing stress in calves.

Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the differential response to salinity stress of two genotypes brewing sorghum.

Salinity tolerance in brewing sorghum is a very important trait, especially in areas that are affected by soil salinity. In order to elucidate the mechanism underlying salt tolerance, we conducted a comparative analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome in two distinct sweet sorghum genotypes, namely the salt-tolerant line NY1298 and the salt-sensitive line MY1176, following exposure to salt treatment. Our initial findings indicate the presence of genotype-specific responses in brewing sorghum under salt stress conditions.

The biological function of and its application in animal husbandry: a review.

, is a herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is often used for dehumidification, antiemetics, spleen strengthening and antipyretic effects. is rich in various bio-active substances and has many biological functions, for instance anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral effects.

Valine metabolite, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, promotes lipid metabolism and cell proliferation in porcine mammary gland epithelial cells.

Improving mammary gland epithelial cells proliferation through nutrition is an important approach for enhancing sow milk production and piglet growth. An intermediate metabolite of valine, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB), regulates cellular lipid metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the effects of 3-HIB on porcine mammary gland epithelial cells proliferation and lipid metabolism.

Isolation, characterization, and genome sequencing analysis of a novel phage HBW-1 of Salmonella.

Salmonella presents a significant threat to the health of animals and humans, especially with the rise of strains resistant to multiple drugs. This highlights the necessity for creating sustainable and efficient practical approaches to managing salmonellosis. The most recent and safest approach to combat antimicrobial resistance-associated infections is lytic bacteriophages.

Construction and bacteriostatic effect analyses of a recombinant thermostable Newcastle disease virus expressing cecropin AD.

Cecropin AD (CAD), a hybrid antimicrobial peptide composed of the first 11 residues of cecropin A and last 26 residues of cecropin D, is a promising antibiotic candidate. Therefore, an efficient and convenient method for producing CAD is necessary for commercial applications. The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been widely used as a platform for gene delivery and exogenous protein expression.

Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of (Parthenogenesis).

is used as an experimental animal model for the study of three-host ticks due to its special life cycle and easy maintenance in the laboratory and in its reproduction. The life cycle of goes through a tightly regulated life cycle to adapt to the changing host and environment, and these stages of transition are also accompanied by proteome changes in the body. Here, we used the isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique to systematically describe and analyze the dynamic expression of the protein and the molecular basis of the proteome of in seven differential developmental stages (eggs, unfed larvae, engorged larvae, unfed nymphs, engorged nymphs unfed adults, and engorged adults).

Investigations on Beekeeping and Breeding of in China.

The worldwide value of the honey bee as an agricultural animal is increasingly being recognized. Not only does the honey bee directly produce useful agricultural products, but also large portions of crops are dependent on the pollination activities of honey bees. (), the native honey bee of China, is widely distributed in the country.

A Field Trial to Demonstrate the Potential of a Vitamin B Diet Supplement in Reducing Oxidative Stress and Improving Hygienic and Grooming Behaviors in Honey Bees.

The honey bee is an important insect pollinator that provides critical pollination services for natural and agricultural systems worldwide. However, inadequate food weakens honey bee colonies, making them vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic factors. In this study, we examined the impact of supplementary feeding on bees' genes for antioxidative enzymes and vitellogenin, oxidative stress parameters, and the hygienic and grooming behavior.

In Vitro Insights into Bacteriocin-Mediated Modulation of Chicken Cecal Microbiota.

Reducing the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry is essential to limit the spread of resistance. A promising alternative to antibiotics resides in bacteriocins, which are antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria showing a great diversity in terms of spectrum of activity, structure, and mechanism of action. In this study, the effects of diverse bacteriocins on the composition and metabolic activity of chicken cecal microbiota were examined in vitro, in comparison with antibiotics.

Long Non-Coding RNA LOC113219358 Regulates Immune Responses in Through Protein Interactions.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators in honeybee physiology, influencing development, behavior, and stress responses. This study investigates the role of lncRNA LOC113219358 in the immune response and neurophysiological regulation of brains. Using RNA interference (RNAi) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we demonstrate that silencing lncLOC113219358 significantly alters the expression of 162 mRNA transcripts, including genes associated with detoxification, energy metabolism, and neuronal signaling.

Identification of Novel 58-5p and Interaction and Effects on Apoptosis of Ovine Ovarian Granulosa Cell.

High concentrations of prolactin (PRL)-induced ovine ovarian granulosa cell (GCs) apoptosis and could aggravate the induced effect. However, the molecular mechanisms that -induced GC apoptosis and repressed steroid hormone secretion remain unclear. In this study, GCs in the P group (GCs with high PRL concentration: 500 ng/mL PRL) and P-10 group (GCs with 500 ng/mL PRL infected by lentiviruses carrying overexpressed sequences of ) were collected for whole-transcriptome analysis.

Probiotic Supplementation Alleviates Corticosterone-Induced Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Hepatic Lipogenesis and Increasing Gut Microbiota Diversity in Broilers.

Emerging evidence indicates a close relationship between gut microbiota and fatty liver disease. It has been suggested that gut microbiota modulation with probiotics ameliorates fatty liver disease in rodents and humans, yet it remains unclear whether the same results will also be obtained in poultry. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a mixture of probiotics supplemented after hatching can prevent CORT-induced fatty liver disease in broilers, and to determine how such effects, if any, are associated with hepatic de novo lipogenesis and gut microbiota composition.

Anti-Methanogenic Potential of Seaweeds and Impact on Feed Fermentation and Rumen Microbiome In Vitro.

A series of in vitro studies were conducted to explore the anti-methanogenic potential of five seaweeds collected from the Indian sea and to optimize the level(s) of incorporation of the most promising seaweed(s) into a straw and concentrate diet to achieve a significant reduction in methane (CH) production without disturbing rumen fermentation characteristics. A chemical composition analysis revealed a notable ash content varying between 55 and 70% in seaweeds. The crude protein content was highly variable and ranged between 3.