The Pretreatment of Xiaoqinglong Decoction Alleviates Inflammation and Oxidative Damage and Up-Regulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Acute Lung Injury Rats.

Xiaoqinglong decoction (XQLD), a classic prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, has already been used clinically to cure acute lung injury (ALI), but its mechanism remains unclear. This subject aimed to explore the preventive role of XQLD in septic ALI rats besides its effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 and its downstream factors. After, respectively, administrated with different concentrations of XQLD (6.

[Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on bone and cartilage destruction in rats with rheumatoid arthritis].

Objective: To observe the alleviating effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on articular cartilage and bone destruction in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), and explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms of taVNS against rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: The male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (=12), model group (=12), and taVNS group (=12). The CIA rat model was established by multi-point injection of emulsion prepared from type Ⅱ bovine collagen and Freund's incomplete adjuvant into the root of rat tail.

Nuclear translocation of ATG5 induces DNA mismatch repair deficiency (MMR-D)/microsatellite instability (MSI) via interacting with Mis18α in colorectal cancer.

Background And Purpose: It is well known that microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in colorectal cancer. MSI-H is the phenotype of DNA mismatch repair deficiency (MMR-D), mainly occurring due to hypermethylation of MLH1 promoter CpG island. However, the mechanisms of MMR-D/MSI-H are unclear.

Glycerol kinase enhances hepatic lipid metabolism by repressing nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A1 in the nucleus.

Glycerol kinase (GYK) plays a critical role in hepatic metabolism by converting glycerol to glycerol 3-phosphate in an ATP-dependent reaction. GYK isoform b is the only glycerol kinase present in whole cells, and has a non-enzymatic moonlighting function in the nucleus. GYK isoform b acts as a co-regulator of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A1 (NR4A1) and participates in the regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism by protein-protein interaction with NR4A1.

Electro-acupuncture regulates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective: Acupuncture has a definite therapeutic effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) has been shown to be involved in regulation of inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether electro-acupuncture (EA) affects the CAP in COPD.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were induced into COPD through exposure to cigarette smoke combined with lipopolysaccharide.

[Unraveling Mysteries of Correlation Between Meridians and Viscera in Connection Between Upper and Lower, Interior and Exterior of the Human Body].

The theory that meridians connect the upper and lower, interior and exterior of the whole human body comes from the clinical experience of acupuncture therapy mainly by choosing the acupoints of 12 regular meridians at the four limbs. During the process of merging the theories of meridians and -organs (viscera), the expression of the intrinsic relationship of such connection gradually becomes more and more complicated. Therefore, the study on the correlation between the meridian and viscus should start from the characteristics of the meridian theory itself, and discriminate the "reasonable and unreasonable" components of the related theoretical descriptions in the literature in order to explore the scientific values of this correlation.

Electroacupuncture reduces hypothalamic and medullary expression of orexins and their receptors in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objectives: Decreased lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correlated with abnormal excitability of the respiratory centre where orexin neuropeptides from the hypothalamus are responsible for regulating respiration. We hypothesised that improvements in pulmonary function with electroacupuncture (EA) may be related to orexins in a rat model of COPD.

Methods: The COPD model was established by cigarette smoke exposure and lipopolysaccharide injection.

De novo assembly and analysis of the Artemisia argyi transcriptome and identification of genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis.

Artemisia argyi Lev. et Vant. (A.

[Dynamic Changes of Ultrasonographic Images of Zusanli (ST 36) Region During of Acupuncture Needle Stimulation].

Objective: To observe the dynamic changes of ultrosonographic images of Zusanli (ST 36) area during after inserting acupuncture needles, so as to provide objective evidence for clinical .

Methods: Sixty healthy volunteers (30 men and 30 women) were recruited in the present study. The subjects were asked to take a supine position on a test-bed, sterilized disposable filiform needles were perpendicularly inserted into bilateral ST 36 till (without lifting, thrusting and twirling), when, high-resolution ultrasound scanning was conducted over the regional skeletal muscles by using a radio-frequency (5-12 MHz) coil probe (Philips IU Elite Ultrasound Diagnostic Instrument) after smearing a layer of gel at the skin of ST 36.

[Clinical Trials for Thyroidectomy Under Acupuncture-aided Anesthesia by Using Electroacupuncture or Transcutaneous Acupoint Electrical Stimulation of Different Acupoints].

Objective: To observe the effectiveness of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) or electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of different acupoints in combination with anesthetics in the management of thyroidectomy patients, so as to choose a better stimulating method and most effective acupoints for thyroidectomy.

Methods: A total of 216 thyroidectomy patients (ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ grades) with thyroid gland adenoma, thyroid cyst or thyroid nodules from 3 hospitals (3 research centers) were randomized into 6 groups, i.e.

[Effects of Chiropractics on Intervertebral Disk Extracell Matrix and Metabolic Enzymes in Rats with Cervical Spondylosis].

Objective: To observe the effect of chiropractics on intervertebral disk extracell matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, cellular collagen type Ⅱ (COL-Ⅱ), tissue inhibitor 1 of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) and extracellular matrix (ECM) in the rats with cervical spondylosis, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of cervical spondylosis.

Methods: A total of 40 SD rats were randomized into a sham group, a model group, a chiropractics group and a mobic group, 8 rats in each one. The model was established by static-dynamic imbalance method.

[Effects of Electroacupuncture on Activities of Satellite Glial Cells of Dorsal Root Ganglia in Rats with Neck Incision Pain].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of "Futu"(LI 18), etc. on activities of satellite glial cells (SGCs) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in rats with neck-incision pain so as to explore its mechanism underlying reduction of post-surgical pain of thyroidectomy.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, EA-Futu (LI 18), EA-Hegu (LI 4)-Neiguan (PC 6), and EA-Zusanli (ST 36)-Yanglingquan (GB 34) groups, with 20 rats in each group.

[ Runs Through Acupuncture Needle Stimulation and Pulse Diagnosis:Our Considerations About Connotations of in Acupuncture-Diagnosis-Treatment Scriptures in ].

The ancient classic work has abundant expositions about the relationship between the acupuncture needle manipulation and pulse diagnosis. However, the relevant imparting and inheritance situations are relatively weaker nowadays probably due to the rapid development of modern diagnosis-therapeutic techniques and some faults or careless omission in understanding classical medical works. , a core concept of the abundant expositions in , has seldom been thoroughly interpreted about its connotations.

[Effect of Electroacupuncture Intervention on Expression of Synaptic Plasticity-related Molecules in Amygdala in Chronic Pain-negative Affection Rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on expression of synaptic plasticity-related glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR 1, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunits (Aβ 2, B 1), etc. in the amygdala in chronic neuropathic pain negative affection (CNPPNA) rats, so as to reveal its mechanism underlying pain relief.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomized into normal control, CNPPNA model, EA, and anesthesia+EA (AEA)groups (=14 in each group, 8 for quantitative RT-PCR and 6 for immunofluorescence staining).

[Transcutaneous Electrostimulation of Auricular Otopoints Reduces Epileptic Attack Possibly by Suppressing Hippocampal Gliocyte Proliferation and Regulating IL-6 and IL-10 Expression in Chronic Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of transcutaneous otopoint electrostimulaiton (TCOES) on seizure frequency, immunoreactivity of hippocampal gliocytes and expression of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6) and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (CTLE) rats, so as to investigate its antiepileptic mechanism.

Methods: Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into control, model and TCOES groups (=12 in each group). The CTLE model was established by intraperitoneal injection (i.

[Exploration on Whether to Standardize Acu-moxibustion].

Acu-moxibustion is the important component and inseparable in Chinese medicine with its unique characteristics. Just due to the distinct characteristics of acu-moxibustion, whether to standardize acu-moxibustion has been highlighted among the people in consideration of its development. In the present paper, the author introduces the characteristics of acu-moxibustion, the existence situation of its characteristics after being standardized, and the function, substance, feasibility, practice and effect, plan and strategy of acu-moxibustion standardization.

[Effect of Electroacupuncture Stimulation of Heart Meridian on Autonomic Nervous Activities in Acute Myocardial Ischemia Rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of the Heart Meridian on electrical activities of neck sympathetic and vagal nerves in acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) rats.

Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, sham operation (sham), model and EA(=10 rats in each group). The left anterior descending branch (LADB) of the coronary artery was occluded to make an acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) model.

[Characteristics of Distribution of Blood Vessels and Nerve Fibers in the Skin Tissues of Acupoint "Taichong" (LR 3) in the Rat].

Objective: To investigate the microstructure (blood vessels and nerve fibers) of the skin tissue in "Taichong" (LR 3) region for reveling morphological characteristics of acupoint.

Methods: Five SD rats were used in the present study. The skin tissue in the region of acupoint LR 3 was taken from the dorsum of hind foot following transcardial perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde.

Effect of electroacupuncture on thermal pain threshold and expression of calcitonin-gene related peptide, substance P and γ-aminobutyric acid in the cervical dorsal root ganglion of rats with incisional neck pain.

Objective: Acupuncture therapy effectively reduces post-surgical pain, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether expression of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the primary sensory neurons of cervical dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are involved in electroacupuncture (EA)-induced analgesia in a rat model of incisional neck pain.

Methods: The pain model was established by making a longitudinal midline neck incision in 60 rats.

Rare Deleterious PARD3 Variants in the aPKC-Binding Region are Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Human Cranial Neural Tube Defects Via Disrupting Apical Tight Junction Formation.

Increasing evidence that mutation of planar cell polarity (PCP) genes contributes to human cranial neural tube defect (NTD) susceptibility prompted us to hypothesize that rare variants of genes in the core apical-basal polarity (ABP) pathway are risk factors for cranial NTDs. In this study, we screened for rare genomic variation of PARD3 in 138 cranial NTD cases and 274 controls. Overall, the rare deleterious variants of PARD3 were significantly associated with increased risk for cranial NTDs (11/138 vs.

[Evolution of Classification Methods and Nomenclature of Clinical Disorders Treated by Acupuncture and Moxibustion in the 20 Century].

Through systematic review of the literature on the treatment of different clinical conditions or illnesses with acupuncture and moxibustion therapies in the 20 century, the authors of the present paper analyzed the evolution process of classification of related clinical disorders. It was found that the classification and nomenclature of clinical disorders or illnesses are defined in terms of traditional Chinese medicine or western medicine, which undergoes an evolutionary process from western medicine to Chinese medicine and back to western medicine. This evolution process is due to the intrinsic requirement' of clinical practice such as thinking ways of diagnosis and treatment or to be influenced by extrinsic factors including introduction of western medicine at the Republic period, policies of"advanced studies of traditional Chinese physcians" and "western medicine doctors" lear-ning from traditional Chinese medicine, and the leading role of western medicine,etc.

[Distribution of Substance P-positive Nerve Fibers in Local Skin Tissues of Five -points of the Pericardium Meridian in the Rat].

Objective: To investigate the distribution of substance P (SP)-positive nerve fibers in local skin tissues of the five -points of the Pericardium Meridian in rats for revealing the differential innervations of the five acupoints.

Methods: Six adult male SD rats were used in the present study. Under deep anesthesia, the rats received transcardiac perfusion with 4% polyformaldehyde+phosphate buffered solution, followed by dissecting the local skin tissues from the sites corresponding to five -points "Zhongchong" (PC 9), "Laogong" (PC 8), "Daling" (PC 7), "Jianshi" (PC 5), and "Quze" (PC 3) in the human body.

[Effect of Electroacupuncture and Moxibustion on Visceral Pain and Expression of VR 1 and HSP 70 of "Tianshu" (ST 25) Region in Colorectal Distension-induced Visceral Hypersensitivity Rats].

Objective: To compare the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and moxibustion (Moxi) on visceral pain and expression of vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR 1) and heat shock protein (HSP)70 in "Tianshu" (ST 25) region in colorectal distension (CRD)-induced visceral hypersensitivity (VHS) rats.

Methods: Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, VHS model, 43℃-moxi, 46℃-moxi, 1 mA-EA and 3 mA-EA groups (=10 in each group). The VSH model was established by CRD once daily for 14 days.

[Effects of Transcutaneous Electrostimulation of Auricular Points on Behavior and Hippocampal IL-1 β and TNF-α Expression in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of transcutaneous otopoint electrostimulation (TCOES) on behavior and expression of hippocampal interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in lithium-pilocarpine induced chronic spontaneous temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) rats, so as to investigate its antiepileptic mechanism.

Methods: Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into control, model and TCOES groups (=12 in each group). The epilepsy model was established by intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride (127.

[Development of Researches on Mechanisms of Acupuncture Intervention in Improving Myocar-dial Ischemia by Balancing Interaction between β-adrenergic Receptor and Acetylcholinergic Receptor Signal Transduction Pathway of Myocardiocytes].

The imbalance of autonomic nervous function after myocardial ischemia (MI) accelerates the development of ischemic myocardial injury. The beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M-AChR) are the main receptor types of the cardiomyocyte and the binding sites of the cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic transmitters. In the present paper, the authors review recent progress of experimental researches on the mechanisms of acupuncture therapy in the prevention and treatment of MI, mainly focusing on the signaling of β-AR and M-AChR subtypes.