Associations between weather and malaria in an elimination setting in Peru: a distributed lag analysis.

Background: () is the predominant malaria species in countries approaching elimination. In the context of climate change, understanding environmental drivers of transmission can guide interventions, yet evidence is limited, particularly in Latin America.

Objectives: We estimated the association between temperature and precipitation and malaria incidence in a malaria elimination setting in Peru.

Podapolipid mites (Acari: Heterostigmata): key to genera, biogeographical history and description of four new Australian species of Eutarsopolipus.

Four new species of parasitic mites of the genus Eutarsopolipus (Trombidiformes: Podapolipidae) are described from Australian carabid beetles: E. ampullaceous sp. nov.

Highway paving dramatically increased dengue transmission in the Amazon.

Human mobility drives the spread of many infectious diseases, yet the health impacts of changes in mobility due to new infrastructure development are poorly understood and currently not accounted for in impact assessments. We take a novel quasi-experimental approach to identifying the link between mobility and infectious disease, leveraging historical road upgrades as a proxy for regional human mobility changes. We analyzed how highway paving altered transmission of dengue-a high-burden mosquito-borne disease-via changes in human movement in the Madre de Dios region of Peru.

The competing controls of glaciers, precipitation, and vegetation on high-mountain fluvial sediment yields.

Investigating erosion and river sediment yield in high-mountain areas is crucial for understanding landscape and biogeochemical responses to environmental change. We compile data on contemporary fluvial suspended sediment yield (SSY) and 12 environmental proxies from 151 rivers in High Mountain Asia surrounding the Tibetan Plateau. We demonstrate that glaciers exert a first-order control on fluvial SSYs, with high precipitation nonlinearly amplifying their role, especially in high-glacier cover basins.

Sharks and Rays of Northern Australia's Roper River, with a Range Extension for the Threatened Speartooth Shark .

Northern Australia is considered a 'lifeboat' region for globally threatened shark and ray species (elasmobranchs), although much of the region is understudied. The Roper River in the Northern Territory's Gulf of Carpentaria has been inadequately surveyed, with most elasmobranch data gained opportunistically through freshwater fish surveys. This study aimed to report the occurrence of elasmobranch species in the Roper River through targeted field surveys conducted between 2016 and 2024 and to review data from other sources.

Out on a Limb: Testing the Hydraulic Vulnerability Segmentation Hypothesis in Trees Across Multiple Ecosystems.

Plant hydraulic theory states that leaf and stem vulnerability to embolism is coordinated within individual plants. The hydraulic vulnerability segmentation hypothesis (HVSH) predicts higher vulnerability in leaves to protect the stem from hydraulic failure, preserving stem xylem, which is generally more metabolically expensive and slower to regenerate than leaf tissues. However, studies designed to test HVSH have reported wide ranges in vulnerability segmentation (VS), and patterns with the environment have been elusive.

Limits to the ability of carbon farming projects to deliver benefits for threatened species.

Australia has proposed a legislated market for biodiversity based on an existing carbon credits scheme which generates Australian carbon credit units (ACCU) from land-based projects. This provides a unique opportunity to assess the potential for markets to benefit biodiversity. We assessed the extent to which projects under the ACCU scheme overlap potential threatened species habitat, compared that to overlap afforded by protected areas, and compared the ability of different project types to deliver potential benefits to species most impacted by habitat loss.

Multi-Omics and Physiological Analysis Reveal Crosstalk Between Aphid Resistance and Nitrogen Fertilization in Wheat.

The availability of nitrogen (N) can dramatically influence crops resistance to herbivorous insects. However, the interaction between N fertilization and crop resistance to insects is not well understood. In this study, the effects of N fertilization on the grain aphid (Sitobion miscanthi) were investigated using three wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars with different aphid resistances.

Increasing Phylogenetic Clustering of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in Roots Explains Enhanced Plant Growth and Phosphorus Uptake.

Temporal variation during the assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities within plant roots have been posited as critical drivers of the plant-fungal symbiotic outcomes. However, functional implications of these dynamics for the host plant remain poorly understood. We conducted a controlled pot experiment with Sorghum bicolor to investigate how temporal shifts in AM fungal community composition and phylogenetic diversity influence plant growth and phosphorus responses to the symbiosis.

Mistletoes have higher hydraulic safety but lower efficiency in xylem traits than their hosts.

Both mistletoes and their hosts are challenged by increasing drought, highlighting the necessity of understanding their comparative hydraulic properties. The high transpiration of mistletoes requires efficient water transport, while high xylem tensions demand strong embolism resistance, representing a hydraulic paradox. This study, conducted across four environments with different aridity indices in Yunnan, China, examined the xylem traits of 119 mistletoe-host species pairs.

Biodiversity impacts of the 2019-2020 Australian megafires.

With large wildfires becoming more frequent, we must rapidly learn how megafires impact biodiversity to prioritize mitigation and improve policy. A key challenge is to discover how interactions among fire-regime components, drought and land tenure shape wildfire impacts. The globally unprecedented 2019-2020 Australian megafires burnt more than 10 million hectares, prompting major investment in biodiversity monitoring.

Termites and other social insects as emerging model organisms of ageing research: how to achieve a long lifespan and a high fecundity.

Social insects (termites, ants and some bees and wasps) are emerging model organisms of ageing research. In this Commentary, I outline which advantages they offer compared with other organisms. These include the co-occurrence of extraordinarily long-lived, highly fecund queens together with short-lived workers within colonies that share the same genetic background.