Use of a Patient Information Leaflet on Oro-Dental Care During Radiotherapy.

Purpose: A patient information leaflet (PIL) on oral and dental care during radiotherapy was tested whether and at which time during therapy it would be helpful to increase the knowledge about the therapy and the resulting side effects and the management of these. Additionally, the participants' subjective perception of being well informed about the topic was examined.

Participants And Methods: Surveys were conducted in August 2018-April 2019, at the University Hospitals Halle and Leipzig (Germany).

Association of energy drink consumption with substance-use initiation among adolescents: A 12-month longitudinal study.

Background: Aggressive marketing has resulted in exponential growth of energy drink sales in recent years. Despite growing concerns about the negative health effects of energy drinks, they are increasingly popular among young people. Little is known about temporal associations between energy drink consumption and other drug use, though some researchers have suggested that energy drink consumption reflects an entry into a drug-using lifestyle.

Energy drink consumption among German adolescents: Prevalence, correlates, and predictors of initiation.

Background: Energy drinks (EDs) have become popular worldwide. Despite growing concerns about negative health effects of ED, they are increasingly popular among adolescents, yet little is known about the context and patterns of ED use in adolescents.

Objective: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of ED use as well as initiation rates and predictors among German adolescents over a one-year period.

Relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sedentary behavior in adolescence: a cross-sectional study.

Existing studies reveal that high levels of sedentary behavior are associated with more inattention and hyperactivity problems. Since most previous studies used screen time as an indicator of sedentary behavior and assessed symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by short screening measures which do not allow to distinguish between subtypes of ADHD, the current study aimed to investigate association between different types of sedentary behavior and symptoms and subtypes of ADHD. The current cross-sectional study analyzed data of 913 students (46.

Motivational Aspects and Critical Issues of a Pedometer Intervention in Adolescents.

Background: Existing research shows significant effects of pedometer interventions on students' physical activity (PA). The current study investigates motivational aspects of quantitative increases in PA in the course of a school-based pedometer intervention for adolescents using qualitative data analysis. In addition, critical issues regarding pedometer use in adolescence were examined.

Longitudinal Relationships of Fitness, Physical Activity, and Weight Status With Academic Achievement in Adolescents.

Background: To examine associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity (PA) and weight status with academic achievement 1 year later. In addition, the mediating role of psychological variables was tested.

Methods: Longitudinal analyses included 1011 German students (M = 14.

Exposure to Gambling Advertisements and Gambling Behavior in Young People.

A cross-sectional survey of 4617 adolescents and young adults from 38 schools in two German states was conducted in 2014 to assess the association between gambling advertisements and gambling behavior. Exposure to ten gambling advertisements was measured with masked ad images; students indicated contact frequency and brand recall. Main outcomes were several gambling behaviors including probable pathological gambling assessed with the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS ≥ 5).

Screen time, weight status and the self-concept of physical attractiveness in adolescents.

Adolescents in modern societies spend about 3 h per day in front of small recreational screens. The present study aims at investigating the relationships between screen time and different indicators of overweight. In addition, associations with the self-concept of physical attractiveness and perceived weight status will be examined.

'Klar bleiben': a school-based alcohol prevention programme for German adolescents-study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: There is a noticeable increase in hazardous alcohol use during adolescence, which is significantly associated with adverse consequences. In Germany, up to 30% of adolescents report regular heavy episodic drinking. However, only a few German prevention programmes target adolescents of legal drinking age (16 years and above); thus, this trial aims to develop, implement and evaluate 'Klar bleiben' ('Stay clearheaded'), a school-based prevention programme for grade 10 students.

Prospective effects of pedometer use and class competitions on physical activity in youth: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the immediate effects of a school-based multi-component program to foster a physically active lifestyle in adolescence.

Design/participants: In a cluster-randomized controlled trial with pre- and post-assessment in 2014, 29 schools with 1162 8th grade students (48% girls) from Germany were included. Age ranged from 12 to 17 years (M=13.

Multiple substance use patterns in adolescents-A multilevel latent class analysis.

Background: Multiple substance use among adolescents is associated with a number of negative consequences. Therefore, we aim to investigate multiple substance use patterns among young adolescents and identify possible multilevel predictors.

Methods: We analyzed a longitudinal sample of 2490 German students (51% male; Mage=13.

The Role of Substance-Specific Skills and Cognitions in the Effectiveness of a School-Based Prevention Program on Smoking Incidence.

"Eigenständig werden 5+6" (Becoming independent 5+6) is a German school-based smoking prevention program that draws on social competence and social influence approaches. It was investigated whether the program's effect on smoking onset is mediated by substance-specific skills and cognitions such as knowledge, attitudes/risk perception, normative expectations, resistance skills, and refusal self-efficacy. Multiple mediation analyses revealed a statistically significant total indirect effect that accounted for 30.

Sedentary behavior, depressed affect, and indicators of mental well-being in adolescence: Does the screen only matter for girls?

The study investigated the effects of sedentary behavior (SB) on mental well-being and examined differences between screen-based (sSB) and non-screen-based sedentary behaviors (nSB) separately by gender. In a total sample of 1296 students (609 girls) aged 12-17 (m = 13.7, SD = 0.

Sedentary behavior and indicators of mental health in school-aged children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Objective: The presented systematic review aims at giving a comprehensive overview of studies assessing the relationship between sedentary behavior and indicators of mental health in school-aged children and adolescents.

Methods: Six online databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus) as well as personal libraries and reference lists of existing literature were searched for eligible studies.

Results: Ninety-one studies met all inclusion criteria.

Effects of a brief school-based media literacy intervention on digital media use in adolescents: cluster randomized controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a four-session school-based media literacy curriculum on adolescent computer gaming and Internet use behavior. The study comprised a cluster randomized controlled trial with three assessments (baseline, posttest, and 12-month follow-up). At baseline, a total of 2,303 sixth and seventh grade adolescents from 27 secondary schools were assessed.

Characteristics of initial fearful spells and their associations with DSM-IV panic attacks and panic disorder in adolescents and young adults from the community.

Background: Few studies examined characteristics of initial fearful spells (FS) or panic attacks (PA) and their relation to DSM-IV PA and panic disorder (PD).

Methods: A community sample of adolescents and young adults (N=3021) was followed up in 4 waves (T0-T3) over up to 10 years. FS, PA, and PD were assessed at each wave using the DSM-IV/M-CIDI.

Portrayal of alcohol consumption in movies and drinking initiation in low-risk adolescents.

Objectives: To investigate the hypothesis that exposure to alcohol consumption in movies affects the likelihood that low-risk adolescents will start to drink alcohol.

Methods: Longitudinal study of 2346 adolescent never drinkers who also reported at baseline intent to not to do so in the next 12 months (mean age 12.9 years, SD = 1.

Effects of a school-based prevention programme on smoking in early adolescence: a 6-month follow-up of the 'Eigenstandig werden' cluster randomised trial.

Objectives: To test the effects of a school-based prevention programme on students' smoking-related behaviour, attitudes and knowledge 6 months after implementation over 2 school-years has ended.

Design: Two-arm prospective cluster randomised controlled trial with a follow-up survey 6 months after end of programme implementation, that is, 26 months after baseline.

Setting: 45 public secondary schools from four federal states in Germany (Bremen, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Schleswig-Holstein).

From never to daily smoking in 30 months: the predictive value of tobacco and non-tobacco advertising exposure.

Objective: To test the specificity of the association between tobacco advertising and youth smoking initiation.

Design: Longitudinal survey with a 30 month interval.

Setting: 21 public schools in three German states.

Smoking in movies and adolescent smoking initiation: longitudinal study in six European countries.

Background: Longitudinal studies from the U.S. suggest a causal relationship between exposure to images of smoking in movies and adolescent smoking onset.

Short-term effects of a school-based program on gambling prevention in adolescents.

Purpose: To evaluate short-term effects of a school-based media education program for sixth- and seventh-grade adolescents on gambling knowledge, attitudes, and behavior.

Methods: A two-wave cluster randomized control trial with two arms (intervention vs. control group) was conducted in the German Federal State of Schleswig-Holstein.

Seeing and liking cigarette advertisements: is there a 'mere exposure' effect?

Aims: We aimed to explain the association between exposure to a cigarette advertisement and favorable attitudes towards the advertisement.

Methods: We used data from an observational cross-sectional study with a sample of 3,415 German schoolchildren aged 10-17 years. Cigarette advertising exposure was assessed with an image of a Marlboro ad, asking for contact frequency (number of times seen the ad) and brand name.

High youth access to movies that contain smoking in Europe compared with the USA.

Background: Based on evidence that exposure to smoking in movies is associated with adolescent smoking, the WHO has called on countries to assign a rating that restricts youth access to such movies.

Objective: To evaluate youth access to movies that portray smoking in European countries and compare with that in the USA.

Methods: The authors identified the most commercially successful movies screened in six European countries (Germany, Iceland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and UK) and the USA between 2004 and 2009.

Smoking in movies and adolescent smoking: cross-cultural study in six European countries.

Aim: To investigate whether the association between exposure to smoking in movies and smoking among youth is independent of cultural context.

Method: Cross-sectional survey of 16,551 pupils recruited in Germany, Iceland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and Scotland with a mean age of 13.4 years (SD=1.