Perceived clinical challenges when treating patients from different cultures: A study among psychiatry trainees in Norway.

The growing number of migrant patients in western countries calls for better cross-cultural competence among health providers. As workplaces, hospitals have become increasingly multicultural, and many doctors are themselves of foreign origin, including psychiatrists. The aims of this study were to explore what clinical challenges International Medical Graduates (IMGs) and native-born Norwegian doctors training in psychiatry perceived when treating patients from other cultures, and what factors might be associated with such cross-cultural challenges.

General practitioners' attitudes and practices regarding sick leave certification for patients with depression in Norway - a cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression is among the most frequent reasons for sick leave, whereas health authorities recommend a rather strict practice, arguing that work is health-promoting. We aimed to explore GPs' attitudes and practices regarding sick leave certification for depressed patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using the Norwegian Physician Survey (N = 1617, 70% response rate) in 2021.

Educational disparities in cancer incidence, stage, and survival in Oslo.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine disparities in cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, and survival rates across districts with differences in education levels in Oslo, Norway.

Methods: Aggregated data from the Cancer Registry of Norway in the period 2013-2021 were used to describe the distribution of cancer incidence and survival across Oslo's 15 administrative districts, subsequently grouped into three areas based on the population's level of education. Age-standardised incidence rates and five-year relative survival were calculated for colon, rectal, lung, melanoma, breast, and prostate cancer.

Burnout among intensive care nurses, physicians and leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national longitudinal study.

Background: Burnout is frequent among intensive care unit (ICU) healthcare professionals and may result in medical errors and absenteeism. The COVID-19 pandemic caused additional strain during working hours and also affected off-duty life. The aims of this study were to survey burnout levels among ICU healthcare professionals during the first year of COVID-19, describe those who reported burnout, and analyse demographic and work-related factors associated with burnout.

Gatekeeping and referral of patients holding private health insurance: a survey among general practitioners in Norway.

Objective: Private health insurance is becoming more common in Norway. The aim of this study was to investigate GPs' opinions on private health insurance, and their experiences from consultations where health insurance can affect decisions about referring.

Design: A web based cross-sectional survey.

Moral distress among physicians in Norway: a longitudinal study.

Objectives: To explore and compare physicians' reported moral distress in 2004 and 2021 and identify factors that could be related to these responses.

Design: Longitudinal survey.

Setting: Data were gathered from the Norwegian Physician Panel Study, a representative sample of Norwegian physicians, conducted in 2004 and 2021.

Norwegian general practitioners' perceptions of their depression care - a national survey.

Background: The General Practitioner (GP) is often the first professional contact for patients with depression. Depression care constitutes a substantial part of GPs' workload.

Objective: To assess how GPs experience their patients' expectations and their own provision of depression care; further, how their depression care was associated with doctor- and practice-characteristics.

Untangling the perception of value in value-based healthcare - an interview study.

Purpose: Value-based health care (VBHC) argues that health-care needs to re-focus to maximise value creation, defining value as the quota when dividing the outcomes important for the patient, by the cost for health care to deliver such outcomes. This study aims to explore the perception of value among different stakeholders involved in the process of implementing VBHC at a Swedish hospital to support leaders to be more efficient and effective when developing health care.

Design/methodology/approach: Participants comprised 19 clinicians and non-clinicians involved in the implementation of VBHC.

How stable are moral judgements? A longitudinal study of context dependency in attitudes towards patient responsibility.

Background: Whether patients' life-style should involve lower priority for treatment is a controversial question in bioethics. Less is known about clinicians' views.

Aim: To study how clinical doctors' attitudes to questions of patient responsibility and priority vary over time.

Job satisfaction and work stress among physicians in Norway and Germany-A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Physicians' health and wellbeing are important albeit often neglected quality indicators of health care systems. The aims of the study were to compare job satisfaction and work stress among doctors in Germany and Norway, and to identify predictors for job satisfaction.

Methods: All active physicians in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany (N = 13,304) and a nationwide sample of Norwegian physicians (N = 2,316) were surveyed in a cross-sectional design in 2021.

Educational supervisor's perceptions of their role in supporting residents' learning: a qualitative study.

Objectives: During the past decade, educational supervision (ES) has gained popularity as a key support mechanism in residents' training. However, few studies have mapped physicians' understanding of their roles as educational supervisors. This study aims to explore how supervisors experience this role and how they approach providing support to residents.

Educational supervision in internal medicine residency training - a scoping review.

Background: Although supervision is an important part of residency training, its scope and how it relates to other types of support, such as mentoring, precepting and feedback, remain unclear. While clinical supervision consists of ongoing instructions and feedback in the workplace setting, educational supervision is a formalized component of postgraduate medical educational and supports the process that facilitates a trainee's progression throughout their training. Since medical specialties have different supervisory traditions, this study focuses on educational supervision in internal medicine.

Lifelong differences in cancer incidence and mortality between subgroups of similar socioeconomic status in the Royal Norwegian Navy.

Objectives: In a previous cohort study of 28 300 Navy servicemen, vessel crews showed higher cancer incidence and mortality than did land-based personnel. We have extended the follow-up to look for changes in cancer risk, and to explore temporal trends in cancer incidence and cancer mortality during more than six decades of follow-up.

Methods: Cancer incidence and total cancer mortality were compared with the general population by calculating standardised ratios (standardised incidence ratios (SIRs), standardised mortality ratios) for the entire follow-up, with temporal trends through seven consecutive 10-year time spans from individual entry to follow-up.

Healthcare in distress: A survey of mental health problems and the role of gender among nurses and physicians in Sweden.

Introduction: The present article aimed to investigate 1) if mental health problems (depression and burnout including the dimensions; emotional exhaustion, mental distance and cognitive and emotional impairment) differed between nurses and physicians in Sweden, 2) if any differences were explained by differences in sex compositions, and 3) if any sex differences were larger within either of the two professions.

Method: Data were derived from a representative sample of nurses (n = 2903) and physicians (n = 2712) in 2022. Two scales were used to assess burnout (KEDS and BAT) and one to assess depression (SCL-6).

Challenges in preserving the "good doctor" norm: physicians' discourses on changes to the medical logic during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic was a tremendous challenge to the practice of modern medicine. In this study, we use neo-institutional theory to gain an in-depth understanding of how physicians in Sweden narrate how they position themselves as physicians when practicing modern medicine during the first wave of the pandemic. At focus is medical logic, which integrates rules and routines based on medical evidence, practical experience, and patient perspectives in clinical decision-making.

Changes in weekly working hours, proportion of doctors with hours above the limitations of European Working Time Directive (EWTD) and time spent on direct patient care for doctors in Norway from 2016 to 2019: a study based on repeated surveys.

Objectives: To compare the total weekly working hours, proportions with work hours above the limitations of European working time directive (EWTD) and time spent on direct patient care in 2016 and 2019 for doctors working in different job positions in Norway.

Design: Repeated postal surveys in 2016 and 2019.

Setting: Norway.

Understanding peer support: a qualitative interview study of doctors one year after seeking support.

Background: Doctors' health is of importance for the quality and development of health care and to doctors themselves. As doctors are hesitant to seek medical treatment, peer support services, with an alleged lower threshold for seeking help, is provided in many countries. Peer support services may be the first place to which doctors turn when they search for support and advice relating to their own health and private or professional well-being.

How hospital top managers reason about the central leadership task of balancing quality of patient care, economy and professionals' engagement: an interview study.

Purpose: This study aims to deepen the understanding of how top managers reason about handling the relationships between quality of patient care, economy and professionals' engagement.

Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative design. Individual in-depth interviews with all members of the executive management team at an emergency hospital in Norway were analysed using reflexive thematic method.

Duty to treat and perceived risk of contagion during the COVID-19 pandemic: Norwegian physicians' perspectives and experiences-a questionnaire survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic actualised the dilemma of how to balance physicians´ obligation to treat patients and their own perceived risk of being infected. To discuss this in a constructive way we need empirical studies of physicians´ views of this obligation.

Methods: A postal questionnaire survey was sent to a representative sample of Norwegian physicians in December 2020.

Physician participation in quality improvement work- interest and opportunity: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Lack of physician involvement in quality improvement threatens the success and sustainability of quality improvement measures. It is therefore important to assess physicians´ interests and opportunities to be involved in quality improvement and their experiences of such participation, both in hospital and general practice.

Methods: A cross-sectional postal survey was conducted on a representative sample of physicians in different job positions in Norway in 2019.

Guidelines and clinical priority setting during the COVID-19 pandemic - Norwegian doctors' experiences.

Background: In the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, strong measures were taken to avoid anticipated pressure on health care, and this involved new priorities between patient groups and changing working conditions for clinical personnel. We studied how doctors experienced this situation. Our focus was their knowledge about and adherence to general and COVID-19 specific guidelines and regulations on priority setting, and whether actual priorities were considered acceptable.

Professional help-seeking behaviour for mental health problems among veterinarians in Norway: a nationwide, cross-sectional study (The NORVET study).

Background: Veterinarians have a relatively high prevalence of mental health problems; however, research on professional help-seeking is limited. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of mental health problems and professional help-seeking behaviour for such problems, and the independent factors associated with help-seeking behaviour among veterinarians in Norway.

Method: This cross-sectional study included all veterinarians in Norway (response rate 75%, 70% women).