Effect of laterotrusive occlusal scheme on chewing duration, external intercostal muscular activity, heart rate, and oxygen saturation.

: To evaluate the effect of the laterotrusive occlusal scheme on chewing duration, external intercostal (EIC) electromyographic (EMG) activity, heart rate (HR), and oxygen saturation (OS) during different tasks in the upright seated position.: Fifty young participants, 25 with canine guidance and 25 with group function, were included. Chewing duration, bilateral EIC EMG activity, HR, and OS were recorded during the following tasks: 1) chewing until swallowing threshold; 2) laterotrusive teeth grinding.

Antibacterial activity of a glass ionomer cement doped with copper nanoparticles.

Copper nanoparticles (NCu) were synthetized and added to commercial glass ionomer cement, to evaluate in vitro its antibacterial activity against oral cavity strains. The NCu were synthesized by copper acetate reduction with L-ascorbic acid and characterized by FTIR, Raman, XPS, XRD and TEM. Then, commercial glass ionomer cement (GIC) was modified (MGIC) with various concentrations of NCu and physicochemically characterized.

In vitro and in vivo studies using non-traditional bisphosphonates.

Non-traditional bisphosphonates, that is, bisphosphonates that do not inhibit osteoclast viability or function, were initially reported in the 1990s by Socrates Papapoulos' group. Originally designed to study the role of the R1 residue of aminobisphosphonates on bisphosphonate affinity for hydroxyapatite, these modified bisphosphonates retained similar affinity for mineralized bone as their parent compounds, but they lacked the potential to inhibit the mevalonate pathway or bone resorption. We found that, similar to classical bisphosphonates, these non-traditional compounds prevented osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis in vitro through a pathway that requires the expression of the gap junction protein connexin 43, and the activation of the Src/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.

Novel benzoate-lipophilic cations selectively induce cell death in human colorectal cancer cell lines.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a critical health issue worldwide. The high rate of liver and lung metastasis associated with CRC creates a significant barrier to effective and efficient therapy. Tumour cells, including CRC cells, have metabolic alterations, such as high levels of glycolytic activity, increased cell proliferation and invasiveness, and chemo- and radio-resistance.

Differential navigational strategies during spatial learning in a new modified version of the Oasis maze.

During spatial navigation, some typical parameters of learning have been observed, such as latency or path length. However, these parameters are sensitive to patterns of navigation and orientation that are not easily measurable. In the present study, we used a modified version of the Oasis maze and evaluated different parameters of learning, navigation, and orientation in different animal groups.

Nuclear accumulation of β-catenin is associated with endosomal sequestration of the destruction complex and increased activation of Rab5 in oral dysplasia.

Potentially malignant lesions, commonly referred to as dysplasia, are associated with malignant transformation by mechanisms that remain unclear. We recently reported that increased Wnt secretion promotes the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and expression of target genes in oral dysplasia. However, the mechanisms accounting for nuclear re-localization of β-catenin in oral dysplasia remain unclear.

Dendritic Cells Loaded with Heat Shock-Conditioned Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma Cell Lysates Elicit T Cell-Dependent Antitumor Immune Responses .

Ovarian epithelial carcinoma (OEC) is the most frequent ovarian tumor, characterized by a high mortality in advanced stages where conventional therapies are not effective. Based on the role of the immune system in the progression of this disease, immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade has been considered as a therapeutic alternative. Nevertheless, its results do not match up to the positive results in entities like melanoma and other malignancies, suggesting the need to find other therapies to be used alone or in combination.

Do subjects with forced lip closure have different perioral and jaw muscles activity?

: To evaluate the activity of mentalis (MN), buccinator (BC), and suprahyoid (SH) muscles among participants with different lip competence..: Sixty-three participants were classified clinically and assigned to the following groups of 21 each: 1) competent lips (competent), 2) incompetent lips (incompetent), or 3) forced lip closure (forced).

18-month clinical evaluation of a copper-containing universal adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the addition of copper nanoparticles (CuNp) on the clinical performance of a universal adhesive system used as etch-and-rinse (ER) and self-etch (SE).

Methods: 216 restorations were randomly placed in 36 subjects according to the following groups: ERcu = etch-and-rinse with 0.1% CuNp; ERct = etch-and-rinse without CuNp; SEcu = self-etch with 0.

Zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles addition in universal adhesive systems improve interface stability on caries-affected dentin.

This study evaluated the MMP inhibition of the zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles (ZnO/CuNp), and the effects of their addition into adhesives on antimicrobial activity (AMA), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), in vitro degree of conversion (in vitro-DC), as well as, resin-dentin bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL) and in situ-DC on caries-affected dentin. Anti-MMP activity was evaluated for several MMPs. ZnO/CuNp (0% [control]; 5/0.

Focal adhesion kinase-dependent activation of the early endocytic protein Rab5 is associated with cell migration.

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a central regulator of integrin-dependent cell adhesion and migration and has recently been shown to co-localize with endosomal proteins. The early endocytic protein Rab5 controls integrin trafficking, focal adhesion disassembly, and cell migration and has been shown to be activated upon integrin engagement by mechanisms that remain unclear. Because FAK is a critical regulator of integrin-dependent signaling and Rab5 recapitulates FAK-mediated effects, we evaluated the possibility that FAK activates Rab5 and contributes to cell migration.

Platelet Serotonin Levels Are Associated with Plasma Soluble Leptin Receptor Concentrations in Normoglycemic Women.

Most peripheral serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT)) is synthetized in the gut with platelets being its main circulating reservoir. 5HT is acting as a hormone in key organs to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the relation between platelet 5HT levels and traits related to glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism in humans remains poorly explored.

Nuclear localization of β-catenin and expression of target genes are associated with increased Wnt secretion in oral dysplasia.

Objectives: To evaluate the localization of β-catenin in oral dysplastic cells, the expression of target genes upregulated in oral dysplasia, and the role of Wnt ligands in these events.

Materials And Methods: Subcellular localization of total and non-phosphorylated (transcriptionally active) β-catenin was evaluated by immunofluorescence and biochemical fractionation in dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK), non-dysplastic oral keratinocytes (OKF6), oral squamous carcinoma cells (CAL27) and primary oral keratinocytes. Tcf/Lef-dependent transcription was measured by luciferase reporter assays.

Serotype b of triggers pro-inflammatory responses and amyloid beta secretion in hippocampal cells: a novel link between periodontitis and Alzheimer´s disease?

Previous reports have proposed that Periodontal disease (PDis) predisposes to Alzheimer's disease (AD), both highly prevalent pathologies among the elderly. The bacteria  (), associated with the most aggressive forms of PDis, are classified in different serotypes with distinct virulence according to the antigenicity of their lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here, we determined the effects of purified LPS, from serotypes a, b or c of , on primary cultures of microglia or mixed hippocampal cells.

Severity of Candida-associated denture stomatitis is improved in institutionalized elders who consume Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1.

Background: This study aimed to determine the effect of the consumption of a probiotic on the clinical characteristics of Candida-associated denture stomatitis (DS) and to determine the impact of a protocol of self-care measures in oral/prosthetic hygiene in institutionalized elders that wear removable prostheses (RP). The current treatment for DS is the systemic use of antifungals, as well as the replacement of these devices together with oral/prosthetic hygiene instructions.

Methods: This study was a randomized, controlled and triple-blind trial.

Bactericidal efficacy of hydrogen peroxide on .

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the bactericidal efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (HO) on (). We hypothesize that HO reduces the bacterial burden of .

Methods: The effect of HO was assessed by testing bactericidal effect, time course analysis, growth inhibition, and minimum bactericidal concentration.

Biological, mechanical and adhesive properties of universal adhesives containing zinc and copper nanoparticles.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of addition of zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles (ZnO/CuNp) into universal adhesives, on antimicrobial activity (AMA), cytotoxicity (CTX), water sorption (WS) and solubility (SO), microhardness (MH) and in vitro degree of conversion (DC), as well as resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL) and in situ DC.

Methods: ZnO/CuNp (0% [control]; 5/0.1 and 5/0.

Mandibular Bone Loss after Masticatory Muscles Intervention with Botulinum Toxin: An Approach from Basic Research to Clinical Findings.

The injection of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) in the masticatory muscles, to cause its temporary paralysis, is a widely used intervention for clinical disorders such as oromandibular dystonia, sleep bruxism, and aesthetics (i.e., masseteric hypertrophy).

Awake teeth grinding in participants with canine guidance or group function: Effect on diaphragm EMG activity, heart rate, and oxygen saturation.

: To compare the effect of canine guidance or group function on diaphragm activity, heart rate, and oxygen saturation during awake teeth grinding at different body positions. : Fifty healthy participants, 25 with canine guidance and 25 with group function, were included. Bilateral electromyographic (EMG) recordings of the diaphragm (DIA) during awake teeth grinding were performed in standing, seated upright, and right lateral decubitus positions.

Histatin-1 counteracts the cytotoxic and antimigratory effects of zoledronic acid in endothelial and osteoblast-like cells.

Background: Zoledronic acid, the most frequent agent associated with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), has been reported as cytotoxic for bone and vascular cells. Hence, identification of novel approaches aiming to counteract its cytotoxic effects will be desirable to develop preventive therapies for BRONJ. The salivary peptide Histatin-1 was recently shown to promote oral wound healing, by acting in epithelial and endothelial cells; however, its effects on cells exposed to zoledronic acid have not been explored.

Values related to professionalism in dental education at the University of Chile: Student and faculty perceptions.

Objective: It is recognised that professionalism should play a central role in dental education. However, its implementation into the curricula of dental schools is still limited. Our objective was to identify the main values related to professionalism based on the perceptions of students and faculty members from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile.

Polymorphisms in RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway Are Associated with Gastric Cancer.

The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway regulates certain cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of this pathway leads to the occurrence and progression of cancers mainly by somatic mutations. This study aimed to assess if polymorphisms of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway are associated with gastric cancer.

N-Acetylcysteine Prevents the Spatial Memory Deficits and the Redox-Dependent RyR2 Decrease Displayed by an Alzheimer's Disease Rat Model.

We have previously reported that primary hippocampal neurons exposed to synaptotoxic amyloid beta oligomers (AβOs), which are likely causative agents of Alzheimer's disease (AD), exhibit abnormal Ca signals, mitochondrial dysfunction and defective structural plasticity. Additionally, AβOs-exposed neurons exhibit a decrease in the protein content of type-2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2) Ca channels, which exert critical roles in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and spatial memory processes. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) prevents these deleterious effects of AβOs .

Masseter muscle atrophy impairs bone quality of the mandibular condyle but not the alveolar process early after induction.

Background: Masseter muscle function influences mandibular bone homeostasis. As previously reported, bone resorption markers increased in the mouse mandibular condyle two days after masseter paralysis induced with botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA), followed by local bone loss.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the bone quality of both the mandibular condyle and alveolar process in the mandible of adult mice during the early stage of a BoNTA-induced masseter muscle atrophy, using a combined 3D histomorphometrics and shape analysis approach.