A new species of the millipede genus Attems, 1907, from northern Thailand (Polydesmida, Pyrgodesmidae).

The millipede family Pyrgodesmidae and the genus are recorded from Thailand for the first time, being represented there by The new species is distinguished by the evident apicodorsal trichostele on the last tibia of both sexes and the gonopodal telopodite being particularly complex, quadripartite, consisting of the longest, mesal, suberect solenomere branch; a slightly shorter, similarly slender, acuminate endomere branch tightly appressed to the solenomere; a somewhat shorter, caudal, strongly curved, armed exomere process; and a very distinct, low, lateral, sac-shaped velum at their base. This situation strongly resembles the one observed in the geographically closest Golovatch & VandenSpiegel, 2015, from Myanmar, but the shapes and armament of all outgrowths of the gonopodal telopodite are clearly different. A key to all three pecies known from Indochina or Myanmar and an updated checklist of all 21 species of the genus are provided.

A new species and a new record of the Southeast Asian millipede genus Jeekel, 1968 (Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) from Vietnam.

is described and illustrated from Kon Ka Kinh National Park, southern Vietnam. The new species is distinguished by a peculiar colour pattern showing a uniformly black-brown body contrasting with yellow-brown paraterga and epiproct, as well as in the pointed gonopodal process being unusually short, only approximately half as long as the solenophore. In addition, an identification key to all 13 presently known species, all mapped, is given.

Four new species of giant pill-millipedes from Vietnam (Sphaerotheriida, Zephroniidae).

Four new species of giant pill-millipedes (Sphaerotheriida) are described from southern Vietnam: Sphaerobelum cattiense sp. nov., Sphaerobelum konkakinhense sp.

Two new species of the millipede genus Attems, 1937 from the Balkan Peninsula (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae).

In addition to the eleven previously known species of the Mediterranean genus , two more species are described: , from the Rhodopi Mts. and Bunardzhik Hill in Bulgaria, and ., from the island of Mljet in Croatia.

Trichopolydesmidae from Cameroon, 1: The genus Schubart, 1955. With a genus-level reclassification of Afrotropical genera of the family (Diplopoda, Polydesmida).

In addition to one of the two species of Trichopolydesmidae hitherto recorded from Cameroon, Porat, 1894, which is revised based on type material and shown to represent the genus Schubart, 1955, , 12 new species from the same genus are described from that country: , , , , , , , , , , and A key to all 13 species (of ) known to occur in Cameroon is presented, and their distributions are mapped. All ten recognizable (but excluding two dubious) Afrotropical genera or subgenera of Trichopolydesmidae are rediagnosed and reclassified, based both on their type species and a presumed scenario of gonopodal evolution. As a result, the number of accepted genera is reduced to five: Attems, 1909 (= Brolemann, 1920), Brolemann, 1920 (= Attems, 1939, , = Chamberlin, 1951, , = Schubart, 1955, }, Schubart, 1955, Brolemann, 1926 (= Verhoeff, 1941, ), and .

Two new species of the millipede family Cambalopsidae from Myanmar (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida).

Two new species of cave-dwelling millipedes are described from Myanmar, one each in the genera Silvestri, 1923 and Peters, 1864. joins the small peculiar group of congeners from Thailand which is characterized by such plesiomorphies as the tergal crests on the collum and following metaterga being transversely divided into two, not three parts, as in species of the genus Gervais, 1847. However, this new species differs by the 3-segmented telopodites of ♂ legs 1, the anterior gonopodal coxosternum showing higher and nearly straight apicomesal processes and very evident apicolateral teeth, as well as the higher and acuminate paramedian coxal processes of the posterior gonopods, the latter's telopodites demonstrating an apical fovea bearing a group of microsetae at the bottom.

A checklist of the millipedes of Georgia, Caucasus (Diplopoda).

The diplopod fauna of Georgia, Transcaucasia, is very rich given the country's relatively small territory, presently comprising 95 species from 42 genera, 12 families, and seven orders. Most of the Diplopoda known from Georgia are subendemics (39 species, or 38%), shared with one or more neighbouring countries, but another 33 species (33%) are strict endemics, nearly all highly localized, including 12 presumed troglobites. Several genera are likewise endemic to Georgia, including a few troglobionts.

Distribution, diversity patterns and faunogenesis of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of the Himalayas.

The Himalayas support a highly rich, diverse, multi-layered, mostly endemic diplopod fauna which presently contains >270 species, 53 genera, 23 families and 13 orders. This is the result of mixing the ancient, apparently Tertiary and younger, Plio-Pleistocene elements of various origins, as well as the most recent anthropochore (= man-mediated) introductions. At the species and, partly, generic levels, the fauna is largely autochthonous and sylvicolous, formed through abounding radiation and vicariance events.

Occurrence of the millipede genus Jeekel, 1953 in China, with the description of the first presumed troglobitic species of this genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae).

The genus Jeekel, 1953 has hitherto been known to contain only two species, both from northern Vietnam. Jeekel, 1953, the type species of the genus, is recorded from Guangxi, southern China, for the first time. , a presumed troglobite, is described from caves in Guizhou, southwestern China.

A new species of Pocock, 1894 from southern China, with a checklist and a distribution map of species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae).

The millipede genus Pocock, 1894 contains 12 described species including a new species from southern China described here. can be distinguished from congeners by its gonopods that are strongly caudolaterally curved and have a prominent, high, curved, densely setose process on each coxa. An updated checklist and a distribution map are provided for all species of the genus.

Two new species of the millipede genus Gervais, 1847 from Laos (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae).

Two new species of are described and illustrated from northern Laos. The epigean Likhitrakarn, Golovatch & Panha, is the second member of the -group to be found in that country and it seems to be especially similar to Golovatch, Geoffroy, Mauriès & VandenSpiegel, 2007. However, it differs from the latter species by a row of several strong setae near the median marginal ridge on the paraprocts, combined with the gnathochilarium being considerably less densely setose on the caudal face, and the anterior gonopods showing a pair of smaller, apical, but larger lateral teeth on the coxosternal plate.

Three new cavernicolous species of the millipede genus Pocock, 1894 from southern China (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae).

Three new species of are described from caves in southern China: , , and , all presumed troglobites. The former two come from Yunnan Province, the latter one from Hunan Province. An updated key to all eleven currently known species of is provided.

The millipede genus Gervais, 1844 in Cameroon, with descriptions of three new species (Diplopoda, Stemmiulida, Stemmiulidae).

The large pantropical millipede genus , which currently encompasses more than 150 species, i.e. the bulk of the species diversity of the family Stemmiulidae and entire order Stemmiulida, is shown to comprise seven species in Cameroon, including three new ones: Nzoko Fiemapong & VandenSpiegel, , Nzoko Fiemapong & VandenSpiegel, , and Nzoko Fiemapong & VandenSpiegel, In addition, Mauriès, 1989, previously known only from the type locality in Nigeria, is recorded from Cameroon for the first time, also being redescribed based on new samples.

Four new species of the millipede genus Silvestri, 1910 from Laos, including two with reduced ozopores (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Haplodesmidae).

Laos has large areas of primary forest with a largely unexplored fauna. This is evidenced by millipedes, class Diplopoda, with fewer than 60 species being recorded from the country. In the widespread Southeast Asian "Star Millipede" genus Silvestri, 1910 (family Haplodesmidae), only two of 49 recorded species have been found in Laos.

Revision of the Vietnamese millipede genus Attems, 1937, with descriptions of three new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae).

The hitherto monotypic diplopod genus contains now four species, including the revised type-species Attems, 1937, as well as , and , all from central or southern Vietnam. The genus is rediagnosed and a key to its constituent species given.

Convergent Evolution of Unique Morphological Adaptations to a Subterranean Environment in Cave Millipedes (Diplopoda).

Animal life in caves has fascinated researchers and the public alike because of the unusual and sometimes bizarre morphological adaptations observed in numerous troglobitic species. Despite their worldwide diversity, the adaptations of cave millipedes (Diplopoda) to a troglobitic lifestyle have rarely been examined. In this study, morphological characters were analyzed in species belonging to four different orders (Glomerida, Polydesmida, Chordeumatida, and Spirostreptida) and six different families (Glomeridae, Paradoxosomatidae, Polydesmidae, Haplodesmidae, Megalotylidae, and Cambalopsidae) that represent the taxonomic diversity of class Diplopoda.

The millipede genus Enghoffosoma Golovatch, 1993 recorded in Vietnam for the first time, with descriptions of three new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae).

The genus Enghoffosoma is recorded from Vietnam for the first time, altogether with six species involved. Two species, E. lanceolatum Likhitrakarn et al.

Review of the western African millipede genus Diaphorodesmus Silvestri, 1896 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Chelodesmidae), with the description of a similar, but new monotypic genus from Cameroon.

The genus Diaphorodesmus is revised and shown to comprise only a single species, Diaphorodesmus dorsicornis (Porat, 1894) by priority, with the only other formal congener, Diaphorodesmus attemsii Verhoeff, 1938, considered as its junior subjective synonym, syn. n. A new monotypic genus, Diaphorodesmoides gen.

A species checklist of the millipedes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) of India.

At present, the millipede fauna of India comprises over 270 nominate species or subspecies in at least 90 genera, 25 families and 11 orders. As complete a catalogue as possible is compiled of all species or subspecies of Diplopoda formally reported from India, some of which remain dubious. Additionally, a checklist is also compiled of millipedes that have erroneously been recorded in India.

The millipede family Polydesmidae in the Caucasus (Diplopoda: Polydesmida).

The family Polydesmidae is represented in the Caucasus by two genera and 11 species: Polydesmus abchasius Attems, 1898, P. lignaui Lohmander, 1936, P. muralewiczi Lohmander, 1936 and P.

The millipede family Cryptodesmidae in Indochina (Diplopoda, Polydesmida).

In addition to two species of the diplopod family Cryptodesmidae already reported from Indochina, Trichopeltis kometis (Attems, 1938) and Ophrydesmus anichkini Golovatch, 2015, the fauna of that region is supplemented by three species: Niponia nodulosa Verhoeff, 1931, a millipede hitherto known only from southern Japan and Taiwan, is now recorded from Vietnam; Trichopeltis cavernicola sp. n. from Laos, the sixth species in that tropical Asian genus, is the first presumed troglobite to be described amongst the Asian cryptodesmids and shows several distinct troglomorphic features; and Circulocryptus gen.

Six new species of dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, mostly from caves in China (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae).

Six new species of Desmoxytes are described from southern China: Desmoxytes laticollis sp. n., Desmoxytes simplipoda sp.

Review of the Southeast Asian millipede genus Antheromorpha Jeekel, 1968 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae).

The genus Antheromorpha is redefined and shown to comprise 11 valid species: Antheromorpha miranda (Pocock, 1895), Antheromorpha bistriata (Pocock, 1895), Antheromorpha comotti (Pocock, 1895), Antheromorpha festiva (Brölemann, 1896), Antheromorpha harpaga (Attems, 1937), Antheromorpha mediovirgata (Carl, 1941), Antheromorpha minlana (Pocock, 1895), Antheromorpha pardalis (Pocock, 1895), Antheromorpha paviei (Brölemann, 1896), comb. n., Antheromorpha rosea Golovatch, 2013 and Antheromorpha uncinata (Attems, 1931).

Three new species of the pill millipede genus Hyleoglomeris Verhoeff, 1910, from northern Thailand (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae).

Seven species of the basically warm temperate to tropical Eurasian genus Hyleoglomeris are currently known from Thailand, including three new ones: H. hongkhraiensis sp. n.

Cave Diplopoda of southern China with reference to millipede diversity in Southeast Asia.

The diversity of Diplopoda in caves of southern China is remarkably high, often 5-6 species per cave, consisting mostly of local endemics and presumed troglobionts. These are evidently biased to just a few lineages, mainly members of the orders Chordeumatida and Callipodida, the families Cambalopsidae (Spirostreptida) and Haplodesmidae (Polydesmida) or the genera Pacidesmus, Epanerchodus and Glenniea (all Polydesmida, Polydesmidae), Trichopeltis (Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae), Dexmoxytes (Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) and Hyleoglomeris (Glomerida, Glomeridae). All these taxa, especially the Paradoxosomatidae and Cambalopsidae (usually amounting to about 60% and 10% of the total species diversity in the Oriental fauna, respectively), are moderately to highly speciose across Southeast Asia, being largely epigean.