Unleashing nature's defense: potent antimicrobial power of plant extracts against oral pathogens and Streptococcus mutans biofilms.

Objectives: The increasing demand for alternatives to antibiotics against resistant bacteria has led to research on natural products. The aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of 16 Mediterranean herb extracts.

Materials And Methods: The extracts were analyzed using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography.

Evaluation of Reproducibility of Measurements of Peripapillary Blood Flow with Laser Speckle Flowgraphy in Healthy and POAG Subjects.

Background: Peripapillary blood flow is of diagnostic value in glaucoma.

Material And Methods: We investigated the reproducibility of peripapillary blood flow measurements in healthy individuals and in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients with the Nidek laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG)-NAVI system. Blood flow was calculated as the mean of vascular area (MV), mean of tissue area (MT), and mean of overall flow (MA).

Digitization of Dentate and Edentulous Maxillectomy and Mandibulectomy Defects with Three Different Intraoral Scanners: A Comparative In Vitro Study.

: The objective of this study was to compare the trueness and precision of three intraoral scanners (IOSs) for the digitization of dentate and edentulous maxillectomy and mandibulectomy defects in artificial models. Four representative defect models-a dentate and an edentulous maxillectomy model and a dentate and an edentulous mandibulectomy model-were used for digital scanning. After a reference scan of each model, they were scanned with three IOSs: CEREC AC Omnicam, True Definition, and cara TRIOS 3.

Evaluating the cost, cost-effectiveness and survival of an eHealth-facilitated integrated care model for allogeneic stem cell transplantation: Results of the German SMILe randomized, controlled implementation science trial.

Purpose: eHealth-facilitated integrated care models (eICMs) have proved effective in improving outcomes for chronically ill patients. However, evidence on cost-effectiveness of eICMs is scarce so far. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) recipients' post-discharge treatment costs and mortality are greatly influenced by complications.

Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa carriage on intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia: a European multicentre prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common causative pathogen of pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of PA ICU pneumonia (PAIP) and to quantify its independent association with PA colonization at different body sites.

Methods: Adult patients on mechanical ventilation at ICU admission were prospectively enrolled across 30 European ICUs.

Myocarditis incidence and hospital mortality from 2007 to 2022: insights from a nationwide registry.

Objectives: To investigate the burden of disease of myocarditis in Germany and identify similarities and differences in myocarditis with or without COVID-19.

Methods: All patients hospitalized with myocarditis in Germany were included in this nationwide retrospective analysis. Data were retrieved from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (DESTATIS) for the years from 2007 to 2022.

Evaluation of acute and midterm outcomes after complex combined antegrade/retrograde recanalization for occlusions of the femoropopliteal and infrapopliteal arteries.

Background: When antegrade recanalization of femoropopliteal and/or infrapopliteal occlusions fails, retrograde access has become an established option. To evaluate the results of combined antegrade and retrograde recanalization of femoropopliteal and infrapopliteal occlusions, patients undergoing secondary retrograde recanalization attempts were analyzed retrospectively.

Methods: The primary end point was the success of the procedure (successful occlusion crossing using the antegrade/retrograde technique).

Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus Probiotics and Gut Dysbiosis in Preterm Infants: The PRIMAL Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The effects of probiotic interventions on colonization with resistant bacteria and early microbiome development in preterm infants remain to be clarified.

Objective: To examine the efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum subsp infantis, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis (BB-12), and Lactobacillus acidophilus (La-5) probiotics to prevent colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms or highly epidemic bacteria (MDRO+) and to shape the microbiome of preterm infants toward the eubiotic state of healthy full-term infants.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, group sequential, phase 3 Priming Immunity at the Beginning of Life (PRIMAL) randomized clinical trial, conducted from April 2018 to June 2020, included infants with gestational age of 28 to 32 weeks at 18 German neonatal units.

Informing pandemic management in Germany with trustworthy living evidence syntheses and guideline development: lessons learned from the COVID-19 evidence ecosystem.

Objectives: We present the 'COVID-19 evidence ecosystem' (CEOsys) as a German network to inform pandemic management and to support clinical and public health decision-making. We discuss challenges faced when organizing the ecosystem and derive lessons learned for similar networks acting during pandemics or health-related crises.

Study Design And Setting: Bringing together 18 university hospitals and additional institutions, CEOsys key activities included research prioritization, conducting living systematic reviews (LSRs), supporting evidence-based (living) guidelines, knowledge translation (KT), detecting research gaps, and deriving recommendations, backed by technical infrastructure and capacity building.

Motivational Interviewing improves postoperative nutrition goals within the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS®) pathway in elective bowel surgery - A randomized clinical pilot trial.

Background & Aims: Exploration whether Motivational Interviewing (MI) could be learned and implemented with ease within a surgical in-hospital setting and whether participation in the intervention led to significantly higher compliance with ERAS®-recommended protein intake goals. The individual healing process of many patients is delayed because they fail to cover their calorie requirement, which could be counteracted by a patient-centered conversational intervention that is new in perioperative practice.

Methods: This patient-blinded pilot-RCT included 60 patients (≥18 years) following the certified ERAS® bowel protocol for colorectal surgery between March and August 2022.

Dimensional accuracy and simulation-based optimization of polyolefins and biocopolyesters for extrusion-based additive manufacturing and steam sterilization.

Polyolefins exhibit robust mechanical and chemical properties and can be applied in the medical field, e.g. for the manufacturing of dentures.

Efficacy and safety of corticosteroids and ACTH in epileptic syndromes beyond Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome (IESS): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We conducted a systematic review investigating the efficacy and tolerability of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosteroids in children with epilepsies other than infantile epileptic spasm syndrome (IESS) that are resistant to anti-seizure medication (ASM). We included retrospective and prospective studies reporting on more than five patients and with clear case definitions and descriptions of treatment and outcome measures. We searched multiple databases and registries, and we assessed the risk of bias in the selected studies using a questionnaire based on published templates.

How do SGLT2 inhibitors protect the kidney? A mediation analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial.

Introduction: Mechanisms underlying kidney benefits with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibition in heart failure and/or type 2 diabetes (T2D) with established cardiovascular disease are currently unclear.

Methods: We evaluated post hoc the factors mediating the effect of empagliflozin on a composite kidney outcome (first sustained estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥40% reduction from baseline, initiation of renal replacement therapy or death due to kidney disease) in EMPA-REG OUTCOME (Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients). Variables, calculated as change from baseline or updated mean, were evaluated as time-dependent covariates and using a landmark approach (at Week 12) in Cox regression analyses.

Non-vitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) after acute myocardial infarction: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Balancing the risk of bleeding and thrombosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is challenging, and the optimal antithrombotic therapy remains uncertain. The potential of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) to prevent ischaemic cardiovascular events is promising, but the evidence remains limited.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of non-vitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in addition to background antiplatelet therapy, compared with placebo, antiplatelet therapy, or both, after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in people without an indication for anticoagulation (i.

Protocol of the HISTOTHERM study: assessing the response to hyperthermia and hypofractionated radiotherapy in recurrent breast cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer is globally the leading cancer in women, and despite the high 5-year survival rate the most frequent cause of cancer related deaths. Surgery, systemic therapy and radiotherapy are the three pillars of curative breast cancer treatment. However, locoregional recurrences frequently occur after initial treatment and are often challenging to treat, amongst others due to high doses of previous radiotherapy treatments.

Optimizing the use of low-frequency ultrasound for bacterial detachment of in vivo biofilms in dental research-a methodological study.

Objectives: Low-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound is commonly utilized in various dental research fields to remove biofilms from surfaces, but no clear recommendation exists in dental studies so far. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the sonication procedure for the dental field to efficiently detach bacteria while preserving viability.

Materials And Methods: Initial biofilm was formed in vivo on bovine enamel slabs (n = 6) which were worn by four healthy participants for 4 h and 24 h.

Fracture Resistance of a Two-Piece Zirconia Implant System after Artificial Loading and/or Hydrothermal Aging-An In Vitro Investigation.

Unlabelled: The purpose of the present study was to assess the fracture resistance of a two-piece alumina-toughened zirconia implant system with a carbon-reinforced PEEK abutment screw.

Methods: Thirty-two implants with screw-retained zirconia abutments were divided into four groups of eight samples each. Group 0 (control group) was neither loaded nor aged in a chewing simulator; group H was hydrothermally aged; group L was loaded with 98 N; and group HL was subjected to both hydrothermal aging and loading in a chewing simulator.

Effects of erosion and abrasion on resin-matrix ceramic CAD/CAM materials: An in vitro investigation.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of erosion and abrasion on resin-matrix ceramic CAD/CAM materials [CERASMART (GC); VITA ENAMIC (VITA Zahnfabrik); Lava Ultimate (3 M)] in comparison to feldspar ceramic (VITABLOCS Mark II, VITA Zahnfabrik) and resin composite materials (ceram.x universal, Dentsply Sirona). Daily brushing and acid exposure were simulated using a brushing apparatus and a solution of 0.

LDR-Brachytherapy monotherapy appears unsuited for NCCN unfavorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients.

Background: To validate the subdivision of intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer (PCa) into favorable intermediate-risk (FIR) and unfavorable intermediate-risk (UIR) PCa in a historical patient cohort and to compare 2 different radiotherapy regimens.

Methods: Patients with intermediate-risk (IR) PCa, treated either by J-LDR-brachytherapy monotherapy (BT) or by combined-modality radiation therapy (CRT), were retrospectively subclassified into FIR and UIR and reanalyzed with regard to biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and prostate cancer-specific survival (CSS). Kaplan-Meier product-limit method and log-rank tests were applied to estimate survival probabilities and compare survival, respectively.

Method development for the intraoral release of nanoparticles from dental restorative materials.

Objective: The aim of this study was the development of a novel in-vitro method to evaluate the intraoral release of wear particles with a diameter< 1 µm from dental restorative materials.

Methods: Test fixtures for a dual-axis chewing simulator (CS-4.8, SD Mechatronik, Feldkirchen-Westerham, Germany), consisting of three components to mount the specimens and a solvent (distilled water) as well as a zirconia antagonist to transfer the masticatory forces onto the specimen was developed.

Influence of planning software and template design on the accuracy of static computer assisted implant surgery performed using guides fabricated with material extrusion technology: An in vitro study.

Objectives: This in vitro study aimed to assess the influence of the planning software and design of the surgical template on both trueness and precision of static computer assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) performed using guides fabricated using material extrusion (ME).

Methods: Three-dimensional radiographic and surface scans of a typodont were aligned using two planning software (coDiagnostiX, CDX; ImplantStudio, IST) to virtually position the two adjacent oral implants. Thereafter, surgical guides were fabricated with either an original (O) or modified (M) design with reduced occlusal support and were sterilized.

Availability and quality of assessment instruments on patient-centredness in older adults with multimorbidity: a systematic review.

Objective: Patient-centredness (PC) is central to the health care of older adults with multimorbidity, but knowledge about the psychometric quality of instruments measuring it in this group is scarce. Based on an integrative model of PC, we aimed to identify assessment instruments of PC for this particular group and evaluate their psychometric properties.

Methods: We systematically searched six electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and PSYNDEX), initially covering research published up to 2018 and updated later to include work up to July 2022.

Definitions of "Cure" After Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy in Low- and Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: Phoenix or Surgical?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare a surgical with a Phoenix-derived definition of at 4 years after treatment by J low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) in patients with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: A total of 427 evaluable men with low-risk (62.8%) and intermediate-risk (37.