Alcohol Plus Additional Risk Factors: Rodent Model of Liver Injury.

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), primarily caused by chronic excessive alcohol consumption, is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. ALD includes alcohol-associated steatotic liver, alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and can even progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Existing research indicates that the risk factors of ALD are quite numerous.

S100A9 Inhibition Mitigates Acute Pancreatitis by Suppressing RAGE Expression and Subsequently Ameliorating Inflammation.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute inflammatory abdominal condition. Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) can provoke a systemic inflammatory response and lead to multiple organ failure. The S100A9 protein, recognized as a major inflammatory biomarker, plays a significant role in both infection and inflammatory responses.

Caveolin-1 ameliorates hepatic injury in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting ferroptosis via the NOX4/ROS/GPX4 pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, with a complex and contentious pathogenesis. Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is an important regulator of liver function and can mitigate liver injury by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Evidence suggests that NOX4 is a source of ROS production, that oxidative stress and ferroptosis are closely related, and that both are involved in the onset and progression of NAFLD.

A Multifunctional Nanocomposite Hydrogel Delivery System Based on Dual-Loaded Liposomes for Scarless Wound Healing.

Increased inflammatory responses and oxidative stress at the wound site following skin trauma impair healing. Furthermore, skin scarring places fibroblasts under severe mechanical stress and aggravates pathological fibrosis. A novel liposomal composite hydrogel is engineered for wound microenvironment remodeling, incorporating dual-loaded liposomes into gelatin methacrylate to create a nanocomposite hydrogel.

Rab11b promotes M1-like macrophage polarization by restraining autophagic degradation of NLRP3 in alcohol-associated liver disease.

Macrophage polarization is vital to mounting a host defense or repairing tissue in various liver diseases. Excessive activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is related to the orchestration of inflammation and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) pathology. Rab GTPases play critical roles in regulating vesicular transport.

Construction of a novel cancer-associated fibroblast-related signature to predict clinical outcome and immune response in cervical cancer.

This study developed a prognostic signature for cervical cancer using transcriptome profiling and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and TISCH database, focusing on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Through LASSO Cox regression and integrated bioinformatics analyses, we identified 144 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to CAFs, from which an 11-gene CAF-related signature (CAFRSig) was constructed. The CAFRSig effectively stratified patients into high- and low-risk categories, demonstrating significant prognostic capability in predicting overall survival.

Interface-constrained catalytic hairpin assembly permits highly sensitive SERS signaling of miRNA.

The rapid and precise monitoring of peripheral blood miRNA levels holds paramount importance for disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. In this study, we propose an innovative research strategy that combines the catalytic hairpin assembly reaction with SERS signal congregation and enhancement. This combination can significantly enhance the stability of SERS detection, enabling stable and efficient detection of miRNA.

The role of interleukin-20 in liver disease: Functions, mechanisms and clinical applications.

Liver disease is a severe public health concern worldwide. There is a close relationship between the liver and cytokines, and liver inflammation from a variety of causes leads to the release and activation of cytokines. The functions of cytokines are complex and variable, and are closely related to their cellular origin, target molecules and mode of action.

A Review of the Role of Caveolin-1 in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury.

Background: Acetaminophen (APAP) is commonly used as an antipyretic and analgesic agent. Excessive APAP can induce liver toxicity, known as APAP-induced liver injury (ALI). The metabolism and pathogenesis of APAP have been extensively studied in recent years, and many cellular processes such as autophagy, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and liver regeneration have been identified to be involved in the pathogenesis of ALI.

Potentials of ribosomopathy gene as pharmaceutical targets for cancer treatment.

Ribosomopathies encompass a spectrum of disorders arising from impaired ribosome biogenesis and reduced functionality. Mutation or dysexpression of the genes that disturb any finely regulated steps of ribosome biogenesis can result in different types of ribosomopathies in clinic, collectively known as ribosomopathy genes. Emerging data suggest that ribosomopathy patients exhibit a significantly heightened susceptibility to cancer.

NUP85 alleviates lipid metabolism and inflammation by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the common causes of chronic liver disease in the world. The problem of NAFLD had become increasingly prominent. However, its pathogenesis is still indistinct.

Research Progress on the Correlation between Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant pathologic type of primary liver cancer. It is a malignant tumor of liver epithelial cells. There are many ways to treat HCC, but the survival rate for HCC patients remains low.

Water extract of green tea attenuates alcohol-related hepatitis by inhibiting liver inflammation and gut microbiota disturbance in mice.

Green tea is one of the main types of tea in China, and it has been widely consumed in the world. This study aims to investigate the potential mechanism by which the water extract of green tea (GTWE) may be effective in the treatment of alcohol-related hepatitis (ARH), utilizing a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. Through network pharmacology analysis, seven active components and 45 potential targets were identified, with TLR4 being confirmed as the central target.

Hesperetin derivative 2a inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver injury in mice via downregulation of circDcbld2.

Acute liver injury (ALI) is a complex, life-threatening inflammatory liver disease, and persistent liver damage leads to rapid decline and even failure of liver function. However, the pathogenesis of ALI is still not fully understood, and no effective treatment has been discovered. Recent evidence shows that many circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with the occurrence of liver diseases.

Puerarin inhibits inflammation and lipid accumulation in alcoholic liver disease through regulating MMP8.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a growing global health concern, and its early pathogenesis includes steatosis and steatohepatitis. Inhibiting lipid accumulation and inflammation is a crucial step in relieving ALD. Evidence shows that puerarin (Pue), an isoflavone isolated from Pueraria lobata, exerts cardio-protective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities.

Caveolin-1 protects against liver damage exacerbated by acetaminophen in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting the ERK/HIF-1α pathway.

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a common antipyretic and analgesic drug that can cause long-term liver damage after an overdose. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases susceptibility to APAP. In NAFLD, excessive accumulation of lipids leads to an abnormal increase in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α).

Decoding mA mRNA methylation by reader proteins in liver diseases.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) is a dynamic and reversible epigenetic regulation. As the most prevalent internal post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotic RNA, it participates in the regulation of gene expression through various mechanisms, such as mRNA splicing, nuclear export, localization, translation efficiency, mRNA stability, and structural transformation. The involvement of m6A in the regulation of gene expression depends on the specific recognition of m6A-modified RNA by reader proteins.

Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of hypertensive target organ damage: Role of natural products and formulations.

Background And Aim: Hypertension is a major global health problem that causes target organ damage (TOD) in the heart, brain, kidney, and blood vessels. The mechanisms of hypertensive TOD are not fully understood, and its treatment is challenging. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the role of Nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in hypertensive TOD and the natural products and formulations that inhibit it.

CD73 mitigates hepatic damage in alcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating PI3K/AKT-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis.

Background: Alcohol use is a major risk factor for death and disability, resulting in a significant global disease burden. Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) reflects an acute exacerbation of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and is a growing health care and economic burden worldwide. Pyroptosis plays a central role in the pathogenesis of ASH.

Blocking ATP-P1Rs axis attenuate alcohol-related liver fibrosis.

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the fibrogenic effects of ATP-P1Rs axis and ATP-P2Rs axis on alcohol-related liver fibrosis (ALF).

Materials And Methods: C57BL/6J CD73 knock out (KO) mice were used in our study. 8-12 weeks male mice were used as an ALF model in vivo.

The biogenesis, mechanism and function of the tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA): a review compared with microRNA.

Since the discovery of the first miRNA in 1993, numerous studies have focused on their biogenesis, their functions on regulating a diversity of cellular processes, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their regulatory activity. The critical roles they play during pathogenesis have also been explored. With the advancement on next-generation sequencing, new classes of small RNA with distinct functions have been discovered.