Motion of magnetic motors across liquid-liquid interface.

Hypothesis: In a number of applications related to chemical engineering and drug delivery, magnetic nanoparticles should move through a liquid-liquid interface in the presence of surfactant molecules. However, due to the action of capillary forces, this is not always possible. The mechanism of particle motion through the interface essentially depends on the intensity of the Marangoni flow, which is induced on the interface during its deformation.

Enhancing the bio-prospective of microalgae by different light systems and photoperiods.

Microalgae are a source of highly valuable bioactive metabolites and a high-potential feedstock for environmentally friendly and sustainable biofuel production. Recent research has shown that microalgae benefit the environment using less water than conventional crops while increasing oxygen production and lowering CO emissions. Microalgae are an excellent source of value-added compounds, such as proteins, pigments, lipids, and polysaccharides, as well as a high-potential feedstock for environmentally friendly and sustainable biofuel production.

Apple-like Shape of Freezing Paraffin Wax Droplets and Its Origin.

Paraffin wax stores energy in the form of latent heat at a nearly constant temperature during melting and releases this energy during solidification. This effect is used in industrial energy storage. At the same time, the possible deformation of even small volumes of material as a result of phase change is insufficiently studied.

Bio-oil and biochar production from Ageratum conyzoides using triple-stage hydrothermal liquefaction and utilization of biochar in removal of multiple heavy metals from water.

Production of low-cost biomass and its utilization for producing cost effective and eco-friendly bioenergy as well as for removing heavy metals from water can be explored as an approach to meet the sustainable development goals. In light of the above-mentioned study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Billy goat weed (B; Ageratum conyzoides) was carried out to produce bio-oil. In addition, the residual biochar from the HTL process was activated to obtain Act-BC and was further modified to produce MnO-loaded biochar (Act-BC@MnO-25%).

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Hydrogen Storage in LaNiAlFe Hydride Bed.

In this article, the experimental measurements of the absorption/desorption P-C-T isotherms of hydrogen in the LaNiFeAl alloy at different temperatures and constant hydrogen pressure have been studied using a numerical model. The mathematics equations of this model contain parameters, such as the two terms, n and n representing the numbers of hydrogen atoms per site; N and N are the receptor sites' densities, and the energetic parameters are P and P. All these parameters are derived by numerically adjusting the experimental data.

Interaction of Nitrite Ions with Hydrated Portlandite Surfaces: Atomistic Computer Simulation Study.

The nitrite admixtures in cement and concrete are used as corrosion inhibitors for steel reinforcement and also as anti-freezing agents. The characterization of the protective properties should account for the decrease in the concentration of free NO ions in the pores of cement concretes due to their adsorption. Here we applied the classical molecular dynamics computer simulation approach to quantitatively study the molecular scale mechanisms of nitrite adsorption from NaNO aqueous solution on a portlandite surface.

Interaction of Nanoparticles in Electrolyte Solutions.

The interaction between nanoparticles includes several components; however, the most frequently used are electrostatic, caused by overlapping double electrical layers, and London-van der Waals interactions, caused by quantum and thermodynamic fluctuations of electromagnetic fields. Only these two kinds of interaction are considered below. The electrostatic interaction is calculated based on the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation for particles with constant electrical potential of the surfaces (constant ζ potentials).

A phyco-nanobionics biohybrid system for increased carotenoid accumulation in UUIND6.

Recent advancements in "phyco-nanobionics" have sparked considerable interest in the ability of microalgae to synthesize high-value natural bioactive compounds such as carotenoid pigments, which have been highlighted as an emergent and vital bioactive compound from both industrial and scientific perspectives. Such bioactive compounds are often synthesized by either altering the biogenetic processes existing in living microorganisms or using synthetic techniques derived from petroleum-based chemical sources. A bio-hybrid light-driven cell factory system was established herein by using harmful macroalgal bloom extract (HMBE) and efficient light-harvesting silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to synthesize HMBE-AgNPs and integrating the synthesized HMBE-AgNPs in various concentrations (1, 2.

The Influence of Elevated CO Concentrations on the Growth of Various Microalgae Strains.

The influence of elevated CO concentrations on the growth and viability of various microalgae strains was studied. , , , , and were tested. The cultivation of microalgae was carried out at constant CO concentrations (0.

Resonant Excitation of the Ferroelectric Soft Mode by a Narrow-Band THz Pulse.

This study investigates the impact of narrow-band terahertz pulses on the ferroelectric order parameter in BaSrTiO films on various substrates. THz radiation in the range of 1-2 THz with the pulse width of about 0.15 THz was separated from a broadband pulse with the interference technique.

Effects of Bi-Sn-Pb Alloy and Ball-Milling Duration on the Reactivity of Magnesium-Aluminum Waste-Based Materials for Hydrogen Production.

In the present study, composite materials were elaborated of mixed scrap of Mg-based casting alloys and low melting point Bi-Sn-Pb alloy by high energy ball milling, and their reactivity in NaCl solution with hydrogen release was tested. The impacts of the additive content and ball milling duration on their microstructure and hydrogen generation performance were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed significant microstructural transformations of the particles during milling, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) proved the formation of new intermetallic phases MgBi, MgSn, and MgPb.

Mixture of an ionic liquid and organic solvent at graphene: interface structure and ORR mechanism.

Aprotic lithium-oxygen batteries are attracting the attention of the scientific community due to their outstanding theoretical performance, which, however, still has not been achieved in practice. One of the promising directions for improving the stability of Li-O batteries is electrolyte design, which would provide good cyclability, inhibition of parasitic processes, and high energy density. In recent years, there has been progress in the use of ionic liquids in the composition of the electrolyte.

Evaluation of the mechanisms underlying altered fatty acid biosynthesis in heterotrophic microalgal strain Chlorella sorokiniana during biodegradation of phenol and p-nitrophenol.

Phenolic compounds have become a severe environmental concern due to water contamination, affecting the sustainability of the ecosystem. The microalgae enzymes have enticed for the efficient involvement in the biodegradation of phenolics compound in metabolic processes. In this investigation, the oleaginous microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana was cultured heterotrophically under the influence of phenol and p-nitrophenol.

Solv: An Alternative Continuum Model Implementation Based on Fixed Atomic Charges, Scaled Particle Theory, and the Atom-Atom Potential Method.

An alternative continuum model implementation is reported. The electrostatic contribution to the solvation Gibbs free energy utilizes the noniterative conductor-like screening model of Vyboishchikov and Voityuk (DOI: 10.1002/jcc.

Enhanced Hydrogen Generation from Magnesium-Aluminum Scrap Ball Milled with Low Melting Point Solder Alloy.

In this investigation, composite materials were manufactured of mixed scrap of Mg-based alloys and low melting point Sn-Pb eutectic by high energy ball milling, and their hydrogen generation performance was tested in NaCl solution. The effects of the ball milling duration and additive content on their microstructure and reactivity were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated notable structural transformations of the particles during ball milling, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) proved the formation of new intermetallic phases MgSn and MgPb, which were aimed to augment galvanic corrosion of the base metal.

Toward On-Chip Multisensor Arrays for Selective Methanol and Ethanol Detection at Room Temperature: Capitalizing the Graphene Carbonylation.

The artificial olfaction units (or e-noses) capable of room-temperature operation are highly demanded to meet the requests of society in numerous vital applications and developing Internet-of-Things. Derivatized 2D crystals are considered as sensing elements of choice in this regard, unlocking the potential of the advanced e-nose technologies limited by the current semiconductor technologies. Herein, we consider fabrication and gas-sensing properties of On-chip multisensor arrays based on a hole-matrixed carbonylated (C-ny) graphene film with a gradually changed thickness and concentration of ketone groups of up to 12.

Stopped Flow of Glycerol Induces the Enhancement of Adsorption and Aggregation of HRP on Mica.

Glycerol is a usable component of heat-transfer fluids, and is thus suitable for the use in microchannel-based heat exchangers in biosensors and microelectronic devices. The flow of a fluid can lead to the generation of electromagnetic fields, which can affect enzymes. Herein, by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and spectrophotometry, a long-term effect of stopped flow of glycerol through a coiled heat exchanger on horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has been revealed.

Stokes-Einstein relation without hydrodynamic diameter in the TIP4P/Ice water model.

It is demonstrated that self-diffusion and shear viscosity data for the TIP4P/Ice water model reported recently [Baran et al., J. Chem.

Fluorescence profiles of water droplets in stable levitating droplet clusters.

Clusters of nearly identical water microdroplets levitating over a locally heated water layer are considered. The high-resolution and high-speed fluorescence microscopy showed that there is a universal brightness profile of single droplets, and this profile does not depend on the droplet temperature and size. We explain this universal profile using the theory of light scattering and propose a new method for determining the parameters of possible optical inhomogeneity of a droplet from its fluorescent image.

Heavy metal tolerance in microalgae: Detoxification mechanisms and applications.

The proficiency of microalgae to resist heavy metals has potential to be beneficial in resolving various environmental challenges. Global situations such as the need for cost-effective and ecological ways of remediation of contaminated water and for the development of bioenergy sources could employ microalgae. In a medium with the presence of heavy metals, microalgae utilize different mechanisms to uptake the metal and further detoxify it.

Gas-phase thermochemistry of noncovalent ligand-alkali metal ion clusters: An impact of low frequencies.

The experimental gas-phase thermochemistry of reactions: M (S)  + S → M (S) and M + nS→ M (S) , where M is an alkali metal and S is acetonitrile/ammonia, is reproduced. Three approximations are tested: (1) scaled rigid-rotor-harmonic-oscillator (sRRHO); (2) the sRRHO(100) identical to (1), but with all vibrational frequencies smaller than 100 cm replaced with 100 cm ; (3) Grimme's modified scaled RRHO (msRRHO) (Grimme, Chem. Eur.

Iron(II) Complexes with Porphyrin and Tetrabenzoporphyrin: CASSCF/MCQDPT2 Study of the Electronic Structures and UV-Vis Spectra by sTD-DFT.

The geometry and electronic structures of iron(II) complexes with porphyrin () and tetrabenzoporphyrin () in ground and low-lying excited electronic states are determined by DFT (PBE0/def2-TZVP) calculations and the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method, followed by the multiconfigurational quasi-degenerate second-order perturbation theory (MCQDPT2) approach to determine the dynamic electron correlation. The minima on the potential energy surfaces (PESs) of the ground (A) and low-lying, high-spin (A) electronic states correspond to the planar structures of and with symmetry. According to the results of the MCQDPT2 calculations, the wave functions of the A and A electronic states are single determinant.

Pattern formation and collective effects during the process of the motion of magnetic nanomotors in narrow channels.

Magnetic motors can transform the energy of an external magnetic field into the kinetic energy of their motion. When moving collectively in a microchannel, the motors interact not only with each other but also with the channel walls, which leads to a wide variety of motion modes. In our work, the collective motion of magnetic FeO nanomotors in different fluids in a microchannel in a non-uniform magnetic field is studied.

Isotropic and Anisotropic Monolayer Structures in RF Discharge Plasma.

We present the results of an experimental and analytical study of the structural and dynamic properties of a monolayer consisting of dust grains in an electrostatic trap in an RF discharge plasma. The possibility of forming a monolayer with an isotropic distribution for interparticle distance and kinetic energy of particles in the structure has been experimentally shown. Isotropy has crucial importance for the study of various processes in such systems, including the kinetics of phase transitions, the formation of directed flows, wave propagation, and others.