Identifying credible attribution sources for cigarette health warning labels in China: results from a cross-sectional survey of Chinese adults.

Objective: The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control recommends health warning labels (HWLs) include an attribution source. Little is known regarding the perceived credibility and effectiveness of different message sources. This study examined perceptions of four HWL attribution sources among adults in China - the world's largest consumer of cigarettes.

Impact of Canada's menthol cigarette ban on quitting among menthol smokers: pooled analysis of pre-post evaluation from the ITC Project and the Ontario Menthol Ban Study and projections of impact in the USA.

Introduction: Between 2015 and 2018, Canada banned menthol cigarettes. This study pooled data from two pre-post cohort studies (the Ontario Menthol Ban Study, and the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation (ITC) Canada Survey, conducted in seven provinces) to derive more precise estimates of the impact of Canada's menthol ban on quitting and to apply these estimates to project the impact of a menthol ban in the USA.

Methods: Weighted multivariable logistic analyses compared post-ban quit success of menthol smokers with non-menthol smokers (for daily smokers and for all (daily + non-daily) smokers), controlling for sex, age, ethnicity, education, baseline smoking status, baseline cigarettes per day and study regions.

Agreement Between Self-reports and Photos to Assess e-Cigarette Device and Liquid Characteristics in Wave 1 of the Vaping and Patterns of e-Cigarette Use Research Study: Web-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: e-Cigarette device and liquid characteristics are highly customizable; these characteristics impact nicotine delivery and exposure to toxic constituents. It is critical to understand optimal methods for measuring these characteristics to accurately assess their impacts on user behavior and health.

Objective: To inform future survey development, we assessed the agreement between responses from survey participants (self-reports) and photos uploaded by participants and the quantity of usable data derived from each approach.

Beliefs and Characteristics Associated With Believing Nicotine Causes Cancer: A Descriptive Analysis to Inform Corrective Message Content and Priority Audiences.

Introduction: Many cigarette smokers want to quit but have not. Switching to noncombustible products can reduce disease risk, but misperceptions that nicotine causes cancer might impact relative harm perceptions about noncombustible products and considering switching. Identifying which smokers are most likely to hold this misperception and associated beliefs can inform the content of and priority audiences for corrective messaging.

Evidence of Youth-Appealing Cigarette Advertising Tactics from a Randomized, Controlled Experiment.

Introduction: Receptivity to tobacco advertising is an important component in the progression from exposure to advertising to use behavior, yet little is known about current tobacco advertising tactics that increase receptivity. This study tests the effect of three advertising features identified in earlier work as potentially appealing to adolescents and young adults: flora imagery, eco-friendly language, and sweepstakes.

Aims And Methods: We conducted an online survey in which 1,000 US adolescents (age 15-17) and 1,000 US young adults (age 18-24), equally stratified by smoking status, were exposed to three experimental modules manipulating presence/absence of each feature of interest on cigarette ads.

Disparities in self-reported exposure to tobacco marketing among youth and young adults from low-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods in Mexico City.

Exposure to tobacco marketing is positively associated with smoking initiation and behaviours. There is limited literature examining disparities among reported exposure in low- and middle-income countries. This study sought to fill this gap with a survey among 1427 adolescents and 889 adult smokers in Mexico City in 2020.

Compliance with smoke-free policies at indoor and outdoor public places: an observational study in Pakistan.

Background: In 2002, the Government of Pakistan implemented a national law governing the use of tobacco products. The law included smoke-free policies banning smoking in all public places, and required no-smoking signage to be displayed at all such venues. Compliance with smoke-free policies is imperative, as it protects the health of nonsmokers.

Seven-year tobacco tax plan in Ukraine: a case study of the actors, tactics and factors motivating policy passage.

Objective: In December 2017, the Ukrainian Rada passed legislation that would increase tobacco taxes for the next 7 years to meet requirements of the European Union-Ukraine Association Agreement (EU-UAA). We analysed factors motivating passage of Ukraine's 7-year tobacco tax plan as well as tactics used by both opponents and proponents to describe how the plan was passed.

Design: A case study approach was used.

Nicotine/tobacco use disparities among transgender and gender diverse adults: Findings from wave 4 PATH data.

Background: Transgender and Gender Diverse (TGD) populations have current cigarette/e-cigarette/cigar use rates ranging from 32.6% to 39.7%.

Beyond Gutka: Evidence of Illegal Smokeless Tobacco in Rural and Semi-urban Areas in India.

Introduction: Gutka, a popular smokeless tobacco (SLT) product combining chewing tobacco, areca nut, and spices, was banned by states in India beginning in 2012. Gutka can be recreated by the user mixing twin packets of tobacco and spice mixtures. We examine the availability of premixed gutka, the sale of twin packets (chewing tobacco and spice mixture sold together but in separate packets) and whether SLT was sold without legally mandated health warning labels (HWLs), without the printed maximum retail price (MRP), and above the MRP.

Straw cigarette branding: misleading descriptors and a new Marlboro man.

Background: Straw cigarettes are hand-rolled tobacco in a corn straw, common in Brazil and believed to be less harmful by consumers. Traditionally consumed in rural areas and by men, a recent increase in use among young people in urban areas was observed. This study assessed marketing appeals of straw cigarette packaging in Brazil.

Health Warning Label Compliance for Smokeless Tobacco Products and Bidis in Five Indian States.

Background: The burden of tobacco use In India is very high. To inform users of harm, India has a strong health warning label law that applies to all tobacco products. This study examines the extent of compliance of health warning labels on smokeless tobacco (SLT) and bidi products with the Indian law.

"It's all About the Colors:" How do Mexico City Youth Perceive Cigarette Pack Design.

Cigarette packs are relevant to branding strategies, designed to appeal to specific groups. There is little research on how pack features increase product appeal among key constituents such as youth in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted 10 focus group discussions (FGDs) with adolescents and 5 FGDs with young adult smokers in Mexico City, separated by age, gender, smoking, and socioeconomic status.

A scoping review on disparities in exposure to advertising for e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products and implications for advancing a health equity research agenda.

Background: Disparities in exposure to and density of tobacco advertising are well established; however, it is still unclear how e-cigarette and heated tobacco product (HTP) advertising vary by age, education, sex, gender identity, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status (SES), and/or urban/rural area. Through a scoping review, we sought to identify potential disparities in exposure to e-cigarette and HTP advertising and promotion across populations.

Methods: In January 2020, a systematic literature search was conducted in five databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

Effectiveness of ENDS, NRT and medication for smoking cessation among cigarette-only users: a longitudinal analysis of PATH Study wave 3 (2015-2016) and 4 (2016-2017), adult data.

Background: Research is inconclusive on the effectiveness of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) as cigarette cessation aids compared with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) or non-NRT medication. This study compared the cigarette cessation rates for ENDS, NRT and non-NRT medication.

Method: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study wave 3 cigarette-only users who used ENDS, NRT or non-NRT medication (varenicline and bupropion) to quit smoking between wave 3 and 4 were included.

Feminine Appeals on Cigarette Packs Sold in 14 Countries.

Limited research has examined feminine marketing appeals on cigarette packs in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We reviewed a systematically collected sample of cigarette packs sold across 14 LMICs in 2013 (Wave 1) and 2015-2017 (Wave 2). Packs in Wave 1 ( = 3,240) and Wave 2 ( = 2,336) were coded for feminine imagery and descriptors (flowers, fashion, women/girls, color "pink").

Claims of Reduced Odor on Tobacco Packs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Introduction: Cigarettes designed to have less smoke smell were developed by the tobacco industry to supposedly reduce negative qualities. Cigarettes with marketing claims communicating these designs have been sold in high-income countries and marketing of "less smoke smell" terms on cigarette packaging can promote cigarette use. It is unclear to what extent they have been marketed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Tobacco control policies and smoking cessation treatment utilization: A moderated mediation analysis.

Background: Tobacco policies, including clean indoor air laws and cigarette taxes, increase smoking cessation in part by stimulating the use of cessation treatments. We explored whether the associations between tobacco policies and treatment use varies across sociodemographic groups.

Methods: We used data from 62,165 U.

Perceived effectiveness of four different cigarette health warning label themes among a sample of urban smokers and non-smokers in China.

Objective: This study, conducted in China, evaluated the effectiveness of four different themes of health warning labels (HWLs) that used both text and pictures: (1) self-harm from using cigarettes, (2) harming family or children with secondhand smoke, (3) reinforcing compliance with existing smoke-free policies and (4) anticigarette gift giving practices.

Methods: A cross-sectional randomised experimental survey was conducted among 3247 adult (aged 18+ years) participants in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen in 2017, using quotas for age group, gender and smoking status. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the four HWL themes.

The Market for Bidis, Smokeless Tobacco, and Cigarettes in India: Evidence From Semi-Urban and Rural Areas in Five States.

Compare the brand availability, pricing and presence of illicit products in semi-urban and rural areas in India across product types and states. In late 2017, 382 unique tobacco products were purchased from localities with populations under 50,000 in the states of Assam, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. Brand, printed maximum retail price, price paid, tax, and health warning labels (HWLs) were used to compare the market for bidis, smokeless tobacco (SLT), and cigarettes.

Smoking cessation strategies used by former menthol cigarette smokers after a menthol ban.

Introduction: Menthol cigarettes were banned in Ontario, Canada on January 1st, 2017. We used concept mapping, a mixed-method approach, to describe how menthol cigarette smokers quit smoking after the Ontario menthol ban.

Methods: Pre-ban daily and non-daily menthol cigarette smokers who reported smoking abstinence 24 months after the ban (n = 62; 53.