Infantile beriberi, caused by thiamine deficiency, is resurging in South and Southeast Asia, linked to maternal deficiencies and inadequate breast milk.
High incidence of beriberi is influenced by poor dietary practices and cultural restrictions, which contribute to low thiamine levels in infants.
Public health efforts to address thiamine deficiency face challenges due to misdiagnosis, unclear biomarkers, and the need for standardized definitions to improve diagnosis and treatment in low-resource settings.