Probiotic Enterococcus Faecium Attenuated Atherosclerosis by Improving SCFAs Associated with Gut Microbiota in ApoE Mice.

Atherosclerosis, as the main root cause, makes cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) a substantial worldwide health concern. Inflammation and disrupted cholesterol metabolism are the primary clinical risk elements contributing to the onset of atherosclerosis. Few works exist on the improvement effect of gut microbiota on atherosclerosis.

Sugar-sweetened beverages, low/no-calorie beverages, fruit juices intake and risks of metabolic syndrome in adults: The SWEET project.

Background And Aims: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important determinant of cardiometabolic disease development, with excessive sugar intake as one of the key modifiable risk factors. However, evidence on the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), their replacement by low/no caloric beverages (LNCB), and MetS development is still limited.

Methods And Results: Data from participants' of Lifelines (n = 58 220), NQPlus (n = 1094) and Feel4Diabetes (n = 342) were prospectively analysed.

Ethnomedical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Apocynum venetum L.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Apocynum venetum L., commonly known as Luobuma, has been widely utilized in East Asia and Southeast Asia for its medicinal properties and health benefits. Its first documented mention is found in the classic Chinese text Divine Farmer's Materia Medica from the Eastern Han Dynasty, in which it is referred to as "Zeqi.

Protein composition and bread volume of German common wheat landraces grown under organic conditions.

Landraces are genetically heterogeneous plant populations that are regionally particularly well adapted to the natural and cultural agricultural environment. Their genetic memory originates from pre-industrial agriculture and food production with consequences for their agronomic and processing performance. Since wheat-related disorders have increased in the population, breeding might have resulted in changes in the protein composition.

Investigating binding mechanism between coconut globulin and tannic acid mediated by atmospheric cold plasma: Protein structure and stability.

Physical methods present promising avenues for inducing covalent modifications of proteins by polyphenols, circumventing the safety and sustainability issues associated with traditional approaches. This study sought to enhance the physicochemical properties of coconut globulin (CG) by facilitating covalent cross-linking with tannic acid (TA) through atmospheric cold plasma (ACP). The ACP treatment effectively transitioned the interaction between CG and TA from non-covalent to covalent in a voltage-dependent manner at pH 6.

Retention time-independent strategy for screening pesticide residues in herbs based on a fingerprint database and all ion fragmentation acquisition with LC-QTOF MS.

A retention time (RT)-independent strategy for nontargeted screening of pesticide residues in herbs was exploited using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF MS). The core of this strategy is a fingerprint database coupled with a data-independent acquisition (DIA) scan mode of all ion fragmentation (AIF). In the fingerprint database, a total of 150 pesticides with quasimolecular ions and fragment ions at five-level collision energies were collected as qualified ions for screening.

Rapid Determination of Trace Ethylene Glycol and Diethylene Glycol in Propylene Glycol-Contained Syrups by Ultrahigh-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry after Precolumn Derivatization.

Ethylene glycol (EG) and diethylene glycol (DEG) are two contaminants known to cause a variety of human health problems, when ingested in certain amounts, they can cause adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and even death. They are widely found in propylene glycol, which is commonly used as a base for pharmaceutical syrups. The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for the evaluation of EG and DEG in commercially available pediatric syrups.

Insight into the oxidation mechanism of coconut globulin by atmospheric cold plasma focusing on side chain amino acids.

Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP), a novel non-thermal processing technology, generates active substances that stimulate protein oxidation in protein-based foods. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism through which ACP initiates amino acid oxidation on protein side chains remains ambiguous. This study primarily aimed to elucidate the mechanism of ACP-induced oxidation of coconut globulin, focusing on the process of amino acid oxidation.

Antigenicity elimination of ovalbumin by cold plasma-induced covalent binding with Gallic acid.

The effect of cold plasma (CP) treatment in promoting the covalent grafting of ovalbumin (OVA) with gallic acid (GA) were investigated, along with identifying the binding sites in the OVA-GA complex and exploring its potential for reducing the antigenicity of OVA. The results showed that the GA content of 22.97 ± 1.

Two weeks of exercise alters neuronal extracellular vesicle insulin signaling proteins and pro-BDNF in older adults with prediabetes.

Adults with prediabetes are at risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD). While exercise may lower ADRD risk, the exact mechanism is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that short-term exercise would raise neuronal insulin signaling and pro-BDNF in neuronal extracellular vesicles (nEVs) in prediabetes.

Protein folding dependence on selenoprotein M contributes to steady cartilage extracellular matrix repressing ferroptosis via PERK/ATF4/CHAC1 axis.

Objective: Initiation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is pivotal to the advancement of osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to explore the function of ER-resident selenoprotein M (SELM) in cartilage-forming chondrocytes, investigating how SELM participates in cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism and ER stress modulation.

Methods: Articular cartilage samples with knee OA undergoing total knee arthroplasty were categorised into OA-smooth and OA-damaged groups, with primary chondrocytes extracted from smooth areas.

Simultaneous determination of pesticides, mycotoxins and ferulic acid in Angelica sinensis by GC/LC-Q-TOF/MS.

In this study, a strong applicable method that could determine a total of 33 pesticides (54 compounds), 11 mycotoxins and functional components (ferulic acid) simultaneously in Angelica sinensis was developed. The compatibility of the sample pretreatment method for pesticides, mycotoxins, and functional components was improved by optimizing the acidity of extraction solvents, the sequence of ice bath and oscillation, the volumetric solution, and so on. The PRiME HLB SPE pretreatment method was chosen as the optimal one when comparing four pretreatment methods.

Atmospheric cold plasma pretreatment for effective enhancement of covalent crosslinking between coconut globulin and tannic acid: Improving interfacial activity and emulsifying properties.

Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) represents a promising approach for enhancing covalent interactions between proteins and polyphenols, circumventing the drawbacks associated with traditional methods. This study aims to investigate the enhancement of covalent interactions between coconut globulin (CG) and tannic acid (TA) facilitated by ACP at varying pH levels. At acidic pH, ACP treatment was found to promote free radical-induced covalent cross-linking between CG and TA, whereas at pH 7.

Characterization of a Drought-Induced Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene from .

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADHs) are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of glycine betaine, which is an important organic osmolyte that maintains cell structure and improves plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, especially in halotolerant plants. Improving the drought tolerance of crops will greatly increase their yield. In this study, a novel gene named from was induced by drought stress or abscisic acid.

Regulatory Role of IL6 in Immune-Related Adverse Events during Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment in Melanoma.

The landscape of clinical management for metastatic melanoma (MM) and other solid tumors has been modernized by the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors. While these agents demonstrate efficacy in suppressing tumor growth, they also lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs), resulting in the exacerbation of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD). The immune checkpoint inhibitors offer promising advancements in the treatment of melanoma and other cancers, but they also present significant challenges related to irAEs and autoimmune diseases.

Development of a Method for the Determination of Rifaximin and Rifampicin Residues in Foods of Animal Origin.

Rifaximin and rifampicin are good broad-spectrum antimicrobials. The irrational use of antimicrobial drugs in veterinary clinics could threaten public health and food safety. It is necessary to develop a reliable detection method of the residue for enhancing the rational supervision of the use of such drugs, reducing and slowing down the generation of bacterial resistance, and promoting animal food safety and human health.

The Construction of Furocoumarins through Iron-Catalyzed Relay Annulation of Oxime Esters with 4-Hydroxycoumarins.

An iron-catalyzed relay annulation protocol was disclosed, which utilizes oxime esters and 4-hydroxycoumarins as the readily available starting materials and showcases broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. This method allows the simultaneous generation of two C-C and one C-O bonds and two rings in one step, affording structurally new furocoumarins in moderate to good yields.

Plant protein, fibre and physical activity solutions to address poor appetite and prevent undernutrition in older adults: study protocol for the APPETITE randomised controlled trial.

Reduced appetite with ageing is a key factor that may increase risk of undernutrition. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of innovative plant protein fibre (PPF) products within a personalised optimised diet (PD), a physical activity (PA) programme, and their combination on appetite, and other nutritional, functional and clinical outcomes in community-dwelling older adults in a multi-country randomised controlled intervention trial. One hundred and eighty community-dwelling adults (approximately sixty per trial centre in Germany, Ireland and Italy) aged 65 years and over will be recruited to participate in a 12-week, parallel-group, controlled trial.