136 results match your criteria: "Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging[Affiliation]"
Nat Commun
July 2020
Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Neutrophils provide first line of host defense against bacterial infections utilizing glycolysis for their effector functions. How glycolysis and its major byproduct lactate are triggered in bone marrow (BM) neutrophils and their contribution to neutrophil mobilization in acute inflammation is not clear. Here we report that bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or Salmonella Typhimurium triggers lactate release by increasing glycolysis, NADPH-oxidase-mediated reactive oxygen species and HIF-1α levels in BM neutrophils.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Cancer
July 2020
Department of Hematology, University Hospital, West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
Nat Commun
June 2020
Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Neutrophils are an essential part of the innate immune system. To study their importance, experimental studies often aim to deplete these cells, generally by injecting anti-Ly6G or anti-Gr1 antibodies. However, these approaches are only partially effective, transient or lack specificity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Immunol Immunother
October 2020
Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is characterized by a strong immunosuppressive network with a dense infiltration of myeloid cells including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Two distinct populations of MDSC have been defined: polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC) and monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC). Several factors influence the development and function of MDSC including the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGigascience
May 2020
VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Viral Immunol
June 2020
Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
In retroviral infections, different immunological mechanisms are involved in the development of a chronic infection. In the Friend virus (FV) model, regulatory T cells (Tregs) were found to induce CD8 T cell dysfunction before viral clearance is achieved and thus contribute to viral chronicity. Although studied for decades, the exact suppressive mechanisms of Tregs in the FV model remain elusive and an unavailable therapeutic target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
March 2020
Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
The ability of vaccines to induce T cell responses is crucial for preventing diseases caused by viruses. Nanoparticles (NPs) are considered to be efficient tools for the initiation of potent immune responses. Calcium phosphate (CaP) NPs are a class of biodegradable nanocarriers that are able to deliver immune activating molecules across physiological barriers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
February 2020
Department of Medicine II and IZKF Research Laboratory, Würzburg University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening invasive lung infections in immunodeficient patients. The cellular and molecular processes of infection during onset, establishment, and progression of infections are highly complex and depend on both fungal attributes and the immune status of the host. Therefore, preclinical animal models are of paramount importance to investigate and gain better insight into the infection process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Protoc
March 2020
Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
In vivo two-photon imaging is a valuable technique for studies of viral pathogenesis and host responses to infection in vivo. In this protocol, we describe a methodology for analyzing influenza virus-infected lung in vivo by two-photon imaging microscopy. We describe the surgical procedure, how to stabilize the lung, and an approach to analyzing the data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Med (Berl)
February 2020
Department of Molecular Biology, Medical School Essen, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany.
Periprosthetic infection (PPI) is a devastating complication in joint replacement surgery. On the background of an aging population, the number of joint replacements and associated complications is expected to increase. The capability for biofilm formation and the increasing resistance of different microbes to antibiotics have complicated the treatment of PPI, requiring the need for the development of alternative treatment options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Immunol
October 2019
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
A high intratumoral frequency of neutrophils is associated with poor clinical outcome in most cancer entities. It is hypothesized that immunosuppressive MDSC (myeloid-derived suppressor cell) activity of neutrophils against tumor-reactive T cells contributes to this effect. However, direct evidence for such activity in situ is lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Metab
February 2019
Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Closed circulatory systems (CCS) underlie the function of vertebrate organs, but in long bones their structure is unclear, although they constitute the exit route for bone marrow (BM) leukocytes. To understand neutrophil emigration from BM, we studied the vascular system of murine long bones. Here we show that hundreds of capillaries originate in BM, cross murine cortical bone perpendicularly along the shaft and connect to the periosteal circulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Cell
September 2019
Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK. Electronic address:
The metastatic process of colorectal cancer (CRC) is not fully understood and effective therapies are lacking. We show that activation of NOTCH1 signaling in the murine intestinal epithelium leads to highly penetrant metastasis (100% metastasis; with >80% liver metastases) in Kras-driven serrated cancer. Transcriptional profiling reveals that epithelial NOTCH1 signaling creates a tumor microenvironment (TME) reminiscent of poorly prognostic human CRC subtypes (CMS4 and CRIS-B), and drives metastasis through transforming growth factor (TGF) β-dependent neutrophil recruitment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Rev Rheumatol
September 2019
Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Bone is organized in a hierarchical 3D architecture. Traditionally, analysis of the skeletal system was based on bone mass assessment by radiographic methods or on the examination of bone structure by 2D histological sections. Advanced imaging technologies and big data analysis now enable the unprecedented examination of bone and provide new insights into its 3D macrostructure and microstructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
October 2020
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Across a majority of cancer types tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) are linked with poor prognosis. However, the underlying mechanisms, especially the intratumoral behavior of TAN, are largely unknown. Using intravital multiphoton imaging on a mouse model with neutrophil-specific fluorescence, we measured the migration of TAN in distinct compartments of solid tumor cell lesions .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
June 2019
Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany.
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
May 2019
Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany.
Cardioprotection by salvage of the infarct-affected myocardium is an unmet yet highly desired therapeutic goal. To develop new dedicated therapies, experimental myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury would require methods to simultaneously characterize extent and localization of the damage and the ensuing inflammatory responses in whole hearts over time. Here we present a three-dimensional (3D), simultaneous quantitative investigation of key I/R injury-components by combining bleaching-augmented solvent-based non-toxic clearing (BALANCE) using ethyl cinnamate (ECi) with light sheet fluorescence microscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStroke
June 2019
From the Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Spain (A.O.-d.-A., M. Gallizioli, J.P., C.J., A.S.-P., A.M.P.).
Background and Purpose- Ischemia attracts neutrophils to the injured brain. However, neutrophil location and access to the damaged brain tissue is not yet entirely understood. We aimed to investigate neutrophil location in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
May 2019
Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU München, Munich, Germany.
The perpetuation of inflammation is an important pathophysiological contributor to the global medical burden. Chronic inflammation is promoted by non-programmed cell death; however, how inflammation is instigated, its cellular and molecular mediators, and its therapeutic value are poorly defined. Here we use mouse models of atherosclerosis-a major underlying cause of mortality worldwide-to demonstrate that extracellular histone H4-mediated membrane lysis of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) triggers arterial tissue damage and inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Cancer
April 2019
Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common cutaneous cancer worldwide. Several tumour characteristics are considered to pose an elevated risk for systemic spread of carcinoma cells ('high-risk' features). Early detection of subclinical metastases could permit early treatment and improve overall survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
February 2019
Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
B cell follicles of the spleen and lymph nodes are immune privileged sites and serve as sanctuaries for infected CD4 cells in HIV infection. It is assumed that CD8 T cell responses promote the establishment of the reservoir, as B cell follicles do not permit CD8 T cell entry. Here we analyzed the infected cell population in the Friend retrovirus (FV) infection and investigated whether FV can similarly infect follicular cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFASEB J
May 2019
Institute of Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and envelopment is dependent on cellular autophagy. Previously, we have provided evidence for the extensive lysosomal degradation of HBV virions and the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), which is likely controlled by autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Synaptosomal-associated protein 29 (SNAP29) has been identified as a protein specifically mediating autophagosome-lysosome fusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlood Adv
February 2019
Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital.
Antibody ligation of the murine neutrophil surface protein Ly6G disrupts neutrophil migration in some contexts but not others. We tested whether this variability reflected divergent dependence of neutrophil migration on β2 integrins, adhesion molecules that interact with Ly6G at the neutrophil surface. In integrin-dependent murine arthritis, Ly6G ligation attenuated joint inflammation, even though mice lacking Ly6G altogether developed arthritis normally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStroke
March 2019
Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging (M.G.), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
Immunity
January 2019
Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA. Electronic address:
Chronic inflammation drives the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Increased expression of interleukin (IL)-17A is associated with poor prognosis, and IL-17A blockade curbs tumor progression in preclinical models of CRC. Here we examined the impact of IL-1 signaling, a key regulator of the IL-17 pathway, in different cell types within the CRC microenvironment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF