Determination of protamine sulphate in drug formulations using high performance liquid chromatography.

Protamine sulphate, which has the property of neutralising heparin, is determined in pharmaceutical formulations using spectrophotometric (BP 1995) or biochemical methods (USP XXIII 1995). Accuracy of these methods is not very high. We applied the HPLC technique for the assay of protamine sulphate in a gel formulation.

Clinical studies of Ukrain in healthy volunteers (phase 1).

Phase I of a clinical study of Ukrain was performed in 19 healthy outpatient volunteers. Their general clinical conditions were evaluated, as well as the following parameters: biochemical, haematological, immunological, electrolyte and trace elements, neopterin, immune complexes and non specific blocking factors. Ukrain was administered intramuscularly (i.

Effects of busulfan on embryonic cells in vitro.

The DNA synthesis inhibition test and the DNA repair test have been used to study the effects of interaction between busulfan and DNA synthesis in two cell systems in vitro. The results of this study indicate that busulfan at concentration 500 and 1000 micrograms/ml damages mouse and human embryo cells. They also suggest that mouse embryo cells are unable to repair this damage.

Sensitivity of human melanoma cells in vitro to retinoic acid incorporated in liposomes.

The ability of retinoic acid to inhibit the growth of three human melanoma cell lines (MEW18, MEW22, MEW81) was studied in culture. The exposure of the cell lines to different concentrations of RA resulted in an inhibition of the cell growth, dependent on the quantity of RA in the medium. Effects on cell growth of MEW81 cells by RA, introduced into the medium in DMSO solution or incorporated in MLV, were also compared.

Synthesis and antienzymic activity of two new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

Two new analogs of captopril were synthesized. Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) by these compounds in vitro and in vivo was determined using fluorimetric method. The obtained compounds were much weaker ACE inhibitors than captopril.

Methionine dependence of virus-infected cells.

Mouse embryo cells nonproductively infected with human cytomegalovirus differed from noninfected cells by the impaired ability to grow in the medium containing homocysteine instead of methionine. Virus infection of mouse embryo cells grown in both kinds of media resulted in the increase of protein synthesis. In the infected cells grown on homocysteine this increase was followed by a quick decrease.

Effects of riboflavin on benzo(a)pyrene, 2-acetylaminofluorene and methyl methanesulfonate mutagenicity in vitro.

Riboflavin was shown to inhibit mutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrene and 2-acetylaminofluorene in the presence of S9 liver fractions deriving from B10.A mice as well as from DBA/2 mice and had no influence on mutagenicity of methyl methanesulfonate. The above findings confirm the supposition that antimutagenicity of riboflavin results from its interaction with enzymes responsible for metabolic activation of promutagens.

Effects of retinoic acid on plasminogen activator activity and cellular proliferation.

This paper reports effects of retinoic acid (RA) on the expression of plasminogen activator (PA) activity and their relation to the effects of the vitamin on cellular proliferation. RA at the concentrations of 10 microM ml and 1 microM/ml did not affect PA activity in the cells of human melanoma cell line 10-135 but produced a transient decrease of PA activity as well in two other human melanoma cell lines as in RK 13 and IAR 6-7 cells. Unlike 10-135 cells which were resistant to retinoic acid all the remaining cell lines were susceptible to inhibition of the growth by the vitamin.

Comparison of transforming, antimitotic and chromosomal aberration-inducing properties of melphalan and cyclophosphamide.

Melphalan and cyclophosphamide, cytostatics used for cancer therapy, were investigated for their ability to induce morphological transformation of embryonic cells of the golden hamster and to evoke structural chromosome aberrations. The antimitotic action of both drugs was also investigated. Cyclophosphamide, under conditions in which it did not produce either structural chromosomal aberrations or exerted cytotoxic action, induced morphological transformation of hamster cells.

Characteristics of MNNG induced repair synthesis and DNA synthesis induced by human cytomegalovirus.

DNA synthesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in mouse embryo and human embryo cells was compared with DNA synthesis induced in these cells by human cytomegalovirus. In virus infected human embryo cells grown in the medium depleted of arginine DNA synthesis showed resistance to hydroxyurea and arabinofuranosylcytosine, similarly as repair synthesis induced by MNNG. DNA synthesis induced by the virus in mouse embryo cells was partially sensitive to both inhibitors.

Polarographic determination of flutamide.

The polarographic reduction of flutamide was investigated by direct current polarography (DCP), alternating current polarography (ACP), normal pulse polarography (NPP) and differential pulse polarography (DPP). The supporting solution was phosphate buffer containing 5% of 95% ethanol. The reduction process at the dropping mercury electrode was diffusion controlled and irreversible.

Evaluation of the metabolizing capacity of S9 liver preparations from rats and mice using a test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100.

The S9 phenobarbital-induced preparations from Albino rats and 6 strains of inbred and outbred Pzh: SFISS mice were tested by an Ames test for their ability to metabolize the two promutagens 2-aminofluorene (2AF) and cyclophosphamide (CP), and to influence the mutagenic activity of the two directly acting mutagens methyl methanesulphonate (MMS) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). 2AF showed a mutagenic activity after incubation with all kinds of microsomal preparations. S9 from B10.