Discordance, accuracy and reproducibility study of pathologists' diagnosis of melanoma and melanocytic tumors.

Accurate melanoma diagnosis is crucial for patient outcomes and reliability of AI diagnostic tools. We assess interrater variability among eight expert pathologists reviewing histopathological images and clinical metadata of 792 melanoma-suspicious lesions prospectively collected at eight German hospitals. Moreover, we provide access to the largest panel-validated dataset featuring dermoscopic and histopathological images with metadata.

Low densities of immune cells indicate unfavourable overall survival in patients suffering from squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

Carcinogenesis and tumor proliferation are characterized by a complex interaction of cancer cells with the tumor microenvironment. In particular, a tumor-promoting effect can be assumed for the stroma and its fibroblasts. An influence of the immune system on non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is now also suspected.

Clinical, Radiologic, and Histopathologic Features that Distinguish a Pigmented Plexiform Neurofibroma from a Congenital Melanocytic Nevus.

A 13-year-old Hispanic boy with no significant medical etymology presented with a chief complaint of widespread brown macules and patches. He had a large and evenly pigmented brown patch, with a centrally located 2.2 cm × 1.

Corrigendum: Deep learning for the detection of anatomical tissue structures and neoplasms of the skin on scanned histopathological tissue sections.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.

Deep learning for the detection of anatomical tissue structures and neoplasms of the skin on scanned histopathological tissue sections.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) and melanoma are among the most common cancer types. Correct diagnosis based on histological evaluation after biopsy or excision is paramount for adequate therapy stratification. Deep learning on histological slides has been suggested to complement and improve routine diagnostics, but publicly available curated and annotated data and usable models trained to distinguish common skin tumors are rare and often lack heterogeneous non-tumor categories.

Deep Learning Assisted Diagnosis of Onychomycosis on Whole-Slide Images.

Background: Onychomycosis numbers among the most common fungal infections in humans affecting finger- or toenails. Histology remains a frequently applied screening technique to diagnose onychomycosis. Screening slides for fungal elements can be time-consuming for pathologists, and sensitivity in cases with low amounts of fungi remains a concern.

S1 Guidelines for the Kaposi Sarcoma.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare, malignant, multilocular vascular disease originating from lymphatic endothelial cells that can primarily affect the skin and mucous membranes, but also the lymphatic system and internal organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, lungs or liver. Five epidemiological subtypes of KS with variable clinical course and prognosis are distinguished, with increased incidence in specific populations: (1) Classical KS, (2) Iatrogenic KS in immunosuppression, (3) Endemic (African) lymphadenopathic KS, (4) Epidemic, HIV-associated KS and KS associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), and (5) KS in men who have sex with men (MSM) without HIV infection. This interdisciplinary guideline summarizes current practice-relevant recommendations on diangostics and therapy of the different forms of KS.

Recurrent Onychomadesis of the Toenails in Children and Adults: A Case Series.

Introduction: Onychomadesis occurs when the nail plate separates from the nail matrix and nail bed, eventually leading to shedding of the nail. This condition has been attributed to viral infections, autoimmune disorders, drug side effects, and physical trauma. A subset of patients has a recurrent form of onychomadesis without a clear trigger; this phenomenon is not well characterized in the literature.

Differentiating Pemphigus Foliaceus From Pemphigus Vulgaris in Clinical Practice.

Pemphigus is a skin condition that causes intraepidermal separation of keratinocytes. Multiple types of pemphigus exist, including pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus. These can be differentiated by histopathology, clinical presentation, appearance of lesions, and antibodies, among other factors.

Hypergranulotic Dyskeratotic Acanthoma: Another Histologically Distinctive Acanthoma.

Various acanthomas have been named based on their distinctive histopathologic patterns. Hypergranulotic dyskeratotic acanthoma represents another acanthoma with a distinctive histopathologic pattern that has been rarely reported. In this article, clinical and histological features of hypergranulotic dyskeratotic acanthoma are delineated.

Chronic Itch of Unknown Origin Is Associated With an Enhanced Th2 Skin Immune Profile.

Chronic pruritus of unknown origin (CPUO) is described as chronic itch lasting longer than 6 weeks in the absence of a defined skin rash and any known causative disease process. A retrospective study was performed on biopsy samples from patients with CPUO and normal controls to compare the immune profiles of these patients with healthy individuals. We used dual CD3/T-bet and CD3/GATA3 immunohistochemical staining to assess for T-cells expressing Th1 versus Th2 transcription factors, respectively.

A histo-immunopathologic and prognostic study of erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Background: Sézary syndrome (SS) and erythrodermic mycosis fungoides (E-MF) represent two expressions of erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (E-CTCL).

Methods: Histopathologic features were compared on skin specimens from 41 patients with SS and 70 patients with E-MF. Immunopathologic findings were compared on 42 SS and 79 E-MF specimens.

Unexpected Effect of Propranolol and Prednisolone on Infantile Facial Rhabdomyosarcoma.

A 14-month-old Nepalese infant had developed a rapidly growing facial tumor originating from a dark spot on her upper eyelid. A cavernous hemangioma was suspected and treated with high doses of propranolol and prednisolone. Remission was dramatic.

Two cases of seborrheic keratosis with basal clear cells.

Seborrheic keratosis with basal clear cells (SKBCC) is an extremely rare histopathological variant of seborrheic keratosis that has histological similarities to melanoma in situ. We herein report two cases of SKBCC and provide the first description of the dermoscopic features of this condition, in addition to the histopathological findings. Both of the two lesions showed typical histological architectures of seborrheic keratosis with rows or focal clusters of monomorphic clear cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and small round nucleus in the basal layer.

Case of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma arising on subcutaneous tissue in an adult patient: Review of the published works of 13 cases arising on cutaneous or subcutaneous tissue.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant mesenchymal tumor usually occurring in children, young adults, and predominantly arising in the head and neck or deep soft tissue of the extremities. Pleomorphic RMS (PRMS) arising on subcutaneous tissue in an adult patient's trunk is extremely rare. We present a case of primary PRMS occurring on the back of a 50-year-old man.

Clinicopathological analysis of 384 cases of poroid neoplasms including 98 cases of apocrine type cases.

We examined 384 cases of poroid neoplasms. Most cases (n = 279, 72.7%) exhibited the features of only one subtype.

Intravascular eosinophilic deposits-when common knowledge is insufficient to render a diagnosis.

In the course of daily sign-out, the diagnoses within a histopathologist's armamentarium are limited by the scope of the histopathologist's knowledge, that is, one cannot diagnose what one does not know. The subject of homogeneous intravascular eosinophilic deposits is used to illustrate this point. A histopathologist unaware that a tick bite reaction can induce intravascular eosinophilic deposits may misdiagnose the specimen as representing a manifestation of cryoglobulinemia.