Bias-Based Bullying Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Living With Disabilities.

Both sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) and youth living with disabilities are disproportionately impacted by bias-based bullying in school settings. While research has separately examined how sexual and gender minority status and disability status are associated with experiences of bullying, very little research has explored the experiences of youth living with these identities simultaneously. This study examined to what extent SGMY report differential experiences of bias-based bullying depending on various identities and the type of disability an individual reports.

Testing the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of integrating accommodation strategies into an HIV prevention intervention for people who inject drugs with cognitive dysfunction.

Background: Cognitive profiles of individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) limit patients' ability to learn, retain, and recall HIV prevention information. It also limits adherence to medications, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Cognitive dysfunction accommodation strategies have shown promise at reducing HIV-related risk behaviors among individuals with OUD and increasing adherence to PrEP.

Comparing the brief Holistic Health for HIV (3H+) to the Holistic Health Recovery Program (HHRP+) among people with HIV and opioid use disorder: Results from a randomized, controlled non-inferiority trial.

Few evidence-based interventions have been widely adopted in common clinical settings, particularly for opioid-dependent people with HIV (PWH) seeking drug treatment. We developed a brief evidence-based intervention, Holistic Health for HIV (3H+), specifically for ease of implementation and integration within drug treatment settings. In this study, we compared 3H+ to the gold standard, Holistic Health Recovery Program (HHRP+) using a non-inferiority trial.

Examining the Accuracy of Self-Reported Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Using a Visual Analog Scale Among Opioid-Dependent People Living with HIV.

Evidence indicates that regular assessment of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is necessary to promote adherence and achieve viral suppression. Self-reported adherence using a visual analog scale (VAS) has been used extensively to measure ART adherence. However, less is known about the accuracy of the VAS for measuring ART adherence among opioid-dependent people living with HIV.

Healthcare innovation adoption in Africa: the case of long-lasting insecticide nets in Ghana using protection motivation theory.

Objective: Studies have shown that healthcare innovation adoption is complex. Using Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), an innovation for malaria prevention, the study aimed to understand factors considered in the adoption of healthcare innovations in Africa.

Methods And Measures: Using qualitative methods, we interviewed 10 household heads in Ghana who had freely received LLINs during a malaria campaign.

Digital motor intervention effects on physical activity performance of individuals with developmental disabilities: a systematic review.

Purpose: Post-pandemic, use of digital technologies (e.g., mobile app, Zoom, virtual reality, and videogaming) to promote physical activity (PA) in populations with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) has increased.

Digital motor intervention effects on motor performance of individuals with developmental disabilities: a systematic review.

Background: Individuals (i.e. children/young adults) with developmental disabilities (DDs) and intellectual disabilities (IDs) often display a variety of physical and motor impairments.

Race as a Risk Marker, Not a Risk Factor: Revising Race-Based Algorithms to Protect Racially Oppressed Patients.

Emerging consensus in the medical and public health spheres encourages removing race and ethnicity from algorithms used in clinical decision-making. Although clinical algorithms remain appealing given their promise to lighten the cognitive load of medical practice and save time for providers, they risk exacerbating existing health disparities. Race is a strong risk marker of health outcomes, yet it is not a risk factor.

Fast and Fun: A Pilot Feasibility Study Using Dual Joystick-Operated Ride-on Toys for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation in Children with Hemiplegia.

Aim: Our study investigates the feasibility and utility of implementing a dual joystick-operated ride-on-toy navigation training (RNT) program within a 3-week intensive camp based on principles of modified constraint-induced movement therapy and bimanual training, to improve upper extremity (UE) function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP).

Methods: We employed a single-group pretest posttest, mixed methods study design. Eleven 4-to-10-year-old children with UCP received RNT as part of camp activities.

Joystick-Operated Ride-On Toy Navigation Training for Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Study.

Importance: Children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP) require intensive task-oriented training to make meaningful gains in affected upper extremity (UE) motor function.

Objective: To evaluate the acceptability and utility of single joystick-operated ride-on toy (ROT) navigation training incorporated into a modified constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) camp for children with HCP.

Design: Single group pretest-posttest design.

Associations Between Alcohol Use, Antiretroviral Therapy Use, and Viral Load Suppression Among People Living with HIV in Rural Central Uganda.

Alcohol use among people living with HIV (PWH) is common and may negatively affect engagement in HIV care. We evaluated the relationships between alcohol use, ART use, and viral suppression among PWH in Uganda. PATH/Ekkubo was a trial evaluating a linkage to HIV care intervention in four Ugandan districts, Nov 2015-Sept 2021.

An agricultural livelihood intervention is associated with reduced HIV stigma among people with HIV.

Objective: HIV stigma undermines antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence and viral suppression. Livelihood interventions may target drivers of negative attitudes towards people with HIV (PWH) by improving their health and strengthening their economic contributions. We examined the effects of a multisectoral agricultural livelihood intervention on HIV stigma among PWH in western Kenya.

Youth-friendly services was the magic: Experiences of adolescent girls and young women in the community PrEP study, South Africa.

Adherence to daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention has been challenging for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). As part of The Community PrEP Study (CPS), AGYW were randomised to HIV-prevention empowerment counselling (intervention) or basic medication pick-up (control). In this qualitative sub-study, we interviewed AGYW participants ( = 39) to explore PrEP use and study experiences by study arm, and study staff ( = 7) to explore study implementation, site environment, and participant engagement.

Evaluating the utility of temporal self-regulation theory for understanding physical activity outcomes in a behavioral weight loss maintenance program.

Objective: Physical activity (PA) is critical for weight loss maintenance (WLM) success. Clarifying mechanisms behind PA engagement may suggest new WLM intervention targets. This study examined an application of temporal self-regulation theory (TST) to enhance our understanding of PA during WLM.

A Training Program Using Modified Joystick-Operated Ride-on Toys to Complement Conventional Upper Extremity Rehabilitation in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Results from a Pilot Study.

The pilot study assessed the utility of a training program using modified, commercially available dual-joystick-operated ride-on toys to promote unimanual and bimanual upper extremity (UE) function in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The ride-on-toy training was integrated within a 3-week, intensive, task-oriented training camp for children with CP. Eleven children with hemiplegia between 4 and 10 years received the ride-on-toy training program 20-30 min/day, 5 days/week for 3 weeks.

A Pilot Feasibility Study on the Use of Dual-Joystick-Operated Ride-on Toys in Upper Extremity Rehabilitation for Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy.

Children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) require task-oriented practice several hours per week to produce meaningful gains in affected upper extremity (UE) motor function. Clinicians find it challenging to provide services at the required intensity and sustain child engagement. This pilot study assessed the acceptance and utility of a child-friendly program using dual-joystick-operated ride-on toys incorporated into an intensive UE rehabilitation camp.

Disclosure Events and Psychosocial Well-Being Among Young South African Adults Living with HIV.

Background: Poor psychological well-being is both prevalent among South Africans living with HIV and has been associated with poor HIV clinical outcomes. However, the relationship between disclosure and psychological well-being remains unclear. This analysis sought to examine the relationship between two disclosure-related variables, disclosure status and reaction received, and psychosocial well-being among a sample of young adults living with HIV (YALWH) in urban South Africa.

A Social Media-Delivered Melanoma Prevention Program for Young Women Engaged in Frequent UV Tanning: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Rates of melanoma have increased dramatically in the United States over the past 25 years, and it has become among the most prevalent cancers for young adult women. Intentional skin tanning leads to a pattern of intense and intermittent UV radiation exposure that is associated with increased risk of melanoma. Frequent tanning is most common among young women and is linked to a variety of sociocultural pressures that negatively impact body image and drive appearance control behaviors.

Stigmatization of food insecurity helps explain the association between food insecurity and medication nonadherence among people living with HIV.

Food insecurity is an established barrier to antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people living with HIV (LWHIV). While insufficient access to food reliably impedes medication adherence, the link between food insecurity and ART nonadherence has not been fully explained. In addition, depression is reliably associated with both food insecurity and ART nonadherence, but again the link between food insecurity and depression is not understood.

Measuring Upper Extremity Activity of Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy Using Wrist-Worn Accelerometers: A Pilot Study.

Importance: Children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) have poor strength and movement control on one side of their body, leading to impaired bimanual coordination skills.

Objective: To compare duration and intensity of all-day habitual movement of the dominant and nondominant upper extremities (UEs) in typically developing (TD) children and children with UCP.

Design: Two-group observational study.

Evaluation of Exercise Mobile Applications for Adults with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review to determine if there are exercise mobile applications (apps) that can produce evidence-based, individualized exercise plans.

Materials And Methods: We searched the Apple Store and Google Play for exercise apps with terms related to exercise and health. Exercise apps were eligible if they: (1) had a ≥4 out of 5 overall rating with ≥1000 reviews; (2) were free to download; and (3) were not gender specific.

High study participation but diverging adherence levels: qualitatively unpacking PrEP use among adolescent girls and young women over two years in Eastern Cape, South Africa.

In Southern and Eastern Africa, initiation of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention has been high among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) offered PrEP. However, persistence and prevention-effective use of PrEP among this critical group continues to be a challenge. We conducted a qualitative sub-study of AGYW from the Community PrEP Study in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa who had high rates of pick up for monthly PrEP refills over two years, but differing levels of PrEP adherence based on tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) measurements in dried blood spots (DBS).

Integrating human activity into food environments can better predict cardiometabolic diseases in the United States.

The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases in the United States is presumably linked to an obesogenic retail food environment that promotes unhealthy dietary habits. Past studies, however, have reported inconsistent findings about the relationship between the two. One underexplored area is how humans interact with food environments and how to integrate human activity into scalable measures.

Facilitation and Preferred Models for Delivering Substance Use Disorder Treatment in HIV Clinics: Results From a Multisite Randomized Trial.

Background: Integrated addiction treatment in HIV clinics is associated with improved outcomes, yet it is offered inconsistently and with variable models of care. We sought to evaluate the impact of Implementation Facilitation ("Facilitation") on clinician and staff preference for provision of addiction treatment in HIV clinics with on-site resources (all trained or designated on-site specialist) versus outside resources (outside specialist or refer out).

Methods: From July 2017 to July 2020, surveys assessed clinician and staff preferences for addiction treatment models during control (ie, baseline), intervention, evaluation, and maintenance phases in 4 HIV clinics in the Northeast United States.