Evaluation of RehaCom cognitive rehabilitation on different aspects of visual attention in patients with middle cerebral artery ischemia: A nonblinded randomized clinical trial.

Background: Cerebral ischemia or stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world, and most surviving patients suffer from long-term physical and cognitive disabilities, which create many social and economic problems for them and society. Visual attention impairment is a common cognitive complication among patients with cerebral ischemia, especially in the Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA). One way to improve attention in these patients is cognitive rehabilitation.

Protocol for state-based decoding of hand movement parameters using neural signals.

We present a protocol for decoding kinematic and kinetic parameters from the primary somatosensory cortex during active and passive hand movements in a center-out reaching task using state-based and conventional decoders. We describe steps for preparing data and using the state-based model to classify movement directions into states via feature extraction and predict parameters with regression models (partial least squares and multilinear regression) trained per state. This state-based approach outperforms conventional methods, enhancing accuracy for brain-computer interface applications.

Cutibacterium Acnes induces Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in brains of wistar rats through structural changes associated with microtubules.

Background: Cutibacterium acnes(C. acnes), a Gram-positive anaerobe and a dominant bacterium species in the sebaceous follicles of the face was detected in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. It has been found that C.

Effect of Low-intensity Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Response Inhibition of Adults With Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Introduction: Response inhibition is an impaired cognitive function in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) individuals. This primary deficit during the cancelation of an intended movement is observed even in the minimal demanding cognitive tasks. Studies have shown that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), especially on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), can improve response inhibition.

Preclinical evidence for the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of citicoline and imipramine in the sciatic nerve-ligated mice.

Background: Neuropathic pain is a usual condition followed by nerve injury. Experimental neuropathy is linked with delayed behavioral variations correlated to anxiety and depression behaviors. Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that can diminish anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors.

Synergistic interaction between clonidine and ACPA on the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors in non-acute restraint stress and acute restraint stress conditions.

The present research examined the possible role of α-2 adrenergic receptor drugs (clonidine, selective α-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, and yohimbine, competitive α-2 adrenoreceptor antagonist,) on the effect of arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA), a cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist, in non-acute restraint stress (NARS) and acute restraint stress (ARS) mice. The animals were unilaterally implanted with a cannula in the left lateral ventricle. ARS was carried out by movement restraint at a period of 4 h.

RDoC Framework Through the Lens of Predictive Processing: Focusing on Cognitive Systems Domain.

In response to shortcomings of the current classification system in translating discoveries from basic science to clinical applications, NIMH offers a new framework for studying mental health disorders called Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). This framework holds a multidimensional outlook on psychopathologies focusing on functional domains of behavior and their implementing neural circuits. In parallel, the Predictive Processing (PP) framework stands as a leading theory of human brain function, offering a unified explanation for various types of information processing in the brain.

Exploring the effects of naringenin on cell functioning and energy synthesis in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats with chronic tinnitus, by examining genetic indicators such as Bax, Bcl-2, Tfam, and Pgc-1α.

Background: The pivotal factors, including neural plasticity, oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and apoptosis, play a significant role in the pathogenesis of tinnitus. The balance between Bax/Bcl-2 genes is an important factor in determining the rate of apoptosis. Pgc-1α and Tfam genes are fundamental regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis.

Color and brightness at work: Shedding some light on mind wandering.

Introduction: Occupational hazards are partly caused by the physical factors of the work environment, among which are ambient color and brightness, which can interfere with cognitive performance. Especially in modern work environments, performance relies heavily on cognitive functions such as attention, and an important factor in disrupting sustained attention is mind wandering (MW). This study aimed to investigate the effects of white and blue colors with two brightness levels on sustained attention and brain electrophysiology.

Language abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease indicate reduced informativeness.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the cognitive underpinnings of language abnormalities in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) using a computational cross-linguistic approach and ultimately enhance the understanding and diagnostic accuracy of the disease.

Methods: Computational analyses were conducted on language samples of 156 English and 50 Persian speakers, comprising both AD patients and healthy controls, to extract language indicators of AD. Furthermore, we introduced a machine learning-based metric, Language Informativeness Index (LII), to quantify empty speech.

Effects of facial forms and midline deviations and rolls on female facial beauty according to laypeople, orthodontists, and prosthodontists or restorative dentists.

No study has examined the simultaneous effect of facial forms, midline deviations and midline angulations on facial beauty. Therefore, this comprehensive study aimed to evaluate these and many other hypotheses. This psychometric study was performed on 15,042 observations.

The Effect of Brainwave Synchronization Using Binaural Beats on Improving Working Memory and Reducing the Severity of Symptoms in Women With Obsessive-compulsive Disorder.

Introduction: Binaural beats are one of the new methods of brainwave synchronization. However, there is little knowledge about its clinical applications. The positive effect of this method on executive functions, such as attention and working memory, in the γ band has been mainly confirmed in healthy individuals.

A Review of Binaural Bates and the Brain.

Binaural beat (BB), as a non-invasive auditory beat stimulation type, has found its potential applications in cognitive domains. This review presents a proper summary to deepen our understanding of the soundness of the BB technique by looking into its applications, possible mechanisms of action, effectiveness, limitations, and potential side effects. BB has been claimed to improve cognitive and psychological functions such as memory, attention, stress, anxiety, motivation, and confidence.

Quantitative Electroencephalography and Balance Test Correlations in Patients with Chronic Patellofemoral Pain.

Background: Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG) is a tool helping better understand the electrical activity of the brain and a non-invasive method to assess cortical activity. To date, the brain activity of patients with chronic patellofemoral pain (PFP) has not been investigated.

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of PFP on higher levels of the central nervous system by assessing the correlation between QEEG and modified excursion balance test (mSEBT) in patients with PFP.

Lille Apathy Rating Scale-Patient Version in Stroke Survivors: Psychometric Properties and Diagnostic Accuracy.

Objectives: This study evaluated the factorial structure, psychometric properties, and diagnostic accuracy of the Persian version of the Lille Apathy Rating Scale-Patient version (LARS-P) in stroke survivors.

Participants: This study comprised 105 stroke survivors and 41 healthy controls.

Methods And Setting: Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the factors of the LARS-P.

The effect of an embodied intervention on responsibility: put a load on one's shoulder.

Responsibility is an essential part of our social life. Although responsibility is an abstract concept, it can be represented with concrete ideas through conceptual metaphor. Expressions like "carry a lot of responsibility," "shoulder the responsibility" shows that responsibility can be understood as a load on shoulder that one has to carry.

Classification of mental workload with EEG analysis by using effective connectivity and a hybrid model of CNN and LSTM.

Estimation of mental workload from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals aims to accurately measure the cognitive demands placed on an individual during multitasking mental activities. By analyzing the brain activity of the subject, we can determine the level of mental effort required to perform a task and optimize the workload to prevent cognitive overload or underload. This information can be used to enhance performance and productivity in various fields such as healthcare, education, and aviation.

Antidepressive synergism between crocin and D-AP5 in acute restraint-stressed mice.

Emerging evidence suggests that crocin rescues stress-induced depressive symptoms in mice via stimulation of hippocampal neurogenesis. Glutamate modulators mainly involving N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) have highlighted a role in neural development, synaptic plasticity, and depression. The research presented here was designed to appraise the interaction between NMDAR agents and crocin on depressive-related behaviors in the NMRI male mice exposed to acute restraint stress (ARS) for a period of 4 h.

Clinical outcomes and considerations in outpatient with COVID-19 receiving remdesivir therapy.

Introduction: This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to assess the outcomes of Covid-19 patients who received remdesivir therapy at the outpatient department of Ziaian Hospital.

Method: A total of 514 eligible patients were included between May and September 2021. Covid-19 diagnosis was confirmed through positive SARS-COV-2 PCR tests or chest CT scans.

Relationship between serum levels of folic acid and homocysteine with cognitive impairment in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS), one of the most common neurological diseases, plays a major role in the ailments of adults. Studies on the role of homocysteine (Hcy) and folic acid in causing cognitive disorders in patients diagnosed with MS are still ongoing. This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of folic acid and Hcy related to cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Craving, Cognitive Functions, and Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level in Individuals on Maintenance Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder, A Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, craving, and executive functions in individuals on maintenance treatment for opioid use.

Methods: We randomized 70 right-handed men aged 18-55 years into 2 groups: the intervention group and the sham group. The intervention was 10 sessions of 2 mA stimulation over 5 days.

Comparing the Effectiveness of Cognitive Rehabilitation and Binaural Beats on Craving and Comorbidities of Sexual Hyperactivity: A Pilot, Exploratory Quasi-Experimental Study.

Sexual hyperactivity, often linked with substantial psychological and social disturbances, remains under-researched, particularly in contexts like Iran where cultural and social norms may influence the reporting and treatment of such conditions. This study explores the therapeutic potential of cognitive rehabilitation (CR) and binaural beats (BB) in addressing this issue. The primary objective was to compare the effectiveness of CR and BB in reducing symptoms of sexual hyperactivity and associated comorbid conditions, with a focus on fluctuations in sexual desire and overall mental health.