Unraveling the Source of Self-Induced Diastereomeric Anisochronism in Chiral Dipeptides.

Mastering of analytical methods for accurate quantitative determinations of enantiomeric excess is a crucial aspect in asymmetric catalysis, chiral synthesis, and pharmaceutical applications. In this context, the phenomenon of Self-Induced Diastereomeric Anisochronism (SIDA) can be exploited in NMR spectroscopy for accurate determinations of enantiomeric composition, without using a chiral auxiliary that could interfere with the spectroscopic investigation. This phenomenon can be particularly useful for improving the quantitative analysis of mixtures with low enantiomeric excesses, where direct integration of signals can be tricky.

Origin of / scaling of primary and secondary conductivity relaxation times in mixture of water with protic ionic liquid.

Murali [, 2024, 15, 3376-3382] made ambient and high pressure dielectric measurements of a supercooled aqueous mixture of an acidic ionic liquid to find the presence of the primary () conductivity relaxation together with the secondary () conductivity relaxation originating from the water clusters confined by the cations and anions with relaxation times and respectively. From the isothermal and isobaric conductivity relaxation data found on varying thermodynamic conditions ( and ) at constant are the invariance of (i) the frequency dispersion or the Kohlrausch function exponent (1 - ) of the primary conductivity relaxation, and (ii) the ratio of the primary and secondary conductivity times, /. This co-invariance of , , and (1 - ) at constant was observed before in non-aqueous ionic liquids, but it is found for the first time in aqueous ionic liquids.

Wetting Behavior Driven by Surface Morphology Changes Induced by Picosecond Laser Texturing.

The laser surface texturing (LST) technique has recently been used to enhance adhesion bond strength in various coating applications and to create structures with controlled hydrophobic or superhydrophobic surfaces. The texturing processing parameters can be adjusted to tune the surface's polarity, thereby controlling the ratio between the polar and dispersed components of the surface free energy and determining its hydrophobic character. The aim of this work is to systematically select appropriate laser and scan head parameters for high-quality surface topography of metal-based materials.

Development of dye-sensitized solar cells using pigment extracts produced by Talaromyces atroroseus GH2.

The identification of more efficient, clean, secure, and competitive energy supply is necessary to align with the needs of sustainable devices. For this reason, a study for developing innovative dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on microbial pigments is reported starting from Talaromyces atroroseus GH2. The fungus was cultivated by fermentation and the extracellular pigment extract was characterized by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analyses.

3D Printed Piezoelectric BaTiO/Polyhydroxybutyrate Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Bone defects are a significant health problem worldwide. Novel treatment approaches in the tissue engineering field rely on the use of biomaterial scaffolds to stimulate and guide the regeneration of damaged tissue that cannot repair or regrow spontaneously. This work aimed at developing and characterizing new piezoelectric scaffolds to provide electric bio-signals naturally present in bone and vascular tissues.

A Straightforward Method to Produce Multi-Nanodrug Delivery Systems for Transdermal/Tympanic Patches Using Electrospinning and Electrospray.

The delivery of drugs through the skin barrier at a predetermined rate is the aim of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs). However, so far, TDDS has not fully attained its potential as an alternative to hypodermic injections and oral delivery. In this study, we presented a proof of concept of a dual drug-loaded patch made of nanoparticles (NPs) and ultrafine fibers fabricated by using one equipment, i.

Characterization of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers for Insulin Reservoir in an Artificial Pancreas.

Type-1 diabetes is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide. It results in a significant lack of insulin production by the pancreas and the ensuing hyperglycemia, which needs to be regulated through a tailored administration of insulin throughout the day. Recent studies have shown great advancements in developing an implantable artificial pancreas.

Electrospun Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)/Olive Leaf Extract Fiber Mesh as Prospective Bio-Based Scaffold for Wound Healing.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a family of biopolyesters synthesized by various microorganisms. Due to their biocompatibility and biodegradation, PHAs have been proposed for biomedical applications, including tissue engineering scaffolds. Olive leaf extract (OLE) can be obtained from agri-food biowaste and is a source of polyphenols with remarkable antioxidant properties.

A Lipidomic Approach to Identify Potential Biomarkers in Exosomes From Melanoma Cells With Different Metastatic Potential.

Melanoma, one of the most lethal cutaneous cancers, is characterized by its ability to metastasize to other distant sites, such as the bone. Melanoma cells revealed a variable propensity to be attracted toward bone fragments, and melanoma-derived exosomes play a role in regulating the osteotropism of these cells. We have here investigated the lipid profiles of melanoma cell lines (LCP and SK-Mel28) characterized by different metastatic propensities to colonize the bone.

Luminescent PLGA Nanoparticles for Delivery of Darunavir to the Brain and Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, a Relevant Therapeutic Target of HIV-Associated Neurological Disorders.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can independently replicate in the central nervous system (CNS) causing neurocognitive impairment even in subjects with suppressed plasma viral load. The antiretroviral drug darunavir (DRV) has been approved for therapy of HIV-infected patients, but its efficacy in the treatment of HIV-associated neurological disorders (HAND) is limited due to the low penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, innovations in DRV formulations, based on its encapsulation in optically traceable nanoparticles (NPs), may improve its transport through the BBB, providing, at the same time, optical monitoring of drug delivery within the CNS.

New Insights into the Degradation Path of Deltamethrin.

Pyrethroids are among the insecticidal compounds indicated by the World Health Organization for mitigation of vector-borne diseases. Active deltamethrin (with chiral configuration α-,1--) is one of the most effective pyrethroids characterized by low toxicity to humans, and it is currently tested as active ingredient for insecticidal paints. Nevertheless, several degradation processes can occur and affect the insecticidal efficacy in the complex paint matrix.

Tuning Mg(OH) Structural, Physical, and Morphological Characteristics for Its Optimal Behavior in a Thermochemical Heat-Storage Application.

Thermochemical materials (TCM) are among the most promising systems to store high energy density for long-term energy storage. To be eligible as candidates, the materials have to fit many criteria such as complete reversibility of the reaction and cycling stability, high availability of the material at low cost, environmentally friendliness, and non-toxicity. Among the most promising TCM, the Mg(OH)/MgO system appears worthy of attention for its properties in line with those required.

Effectiveness of a Controlled 5-FU Delivery Based on FZD10 Antibody-Conjugated Liposomes in Colorectal Cancer In vitro Models.

The use of controlled delivery therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC) reduces toxicity and side effects. Recently, we have suggested that the Frizzled 10 (FZD10) protein, a cell surface receptor belonging to the FZD protein family that is overexpressed in CRC cells, is a novel candidate for targeting and treatment of CRC. Here, the anticancer effect of novel immuno-liposomes loaded with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), decorated with an antibody against FZD10 (anti-FZD10/5-FU/LPs), was evaluated in vitro on two different CRC cell lines, namely metastatic CoLo-205 and nonmetastatic CaCo-2 cells, that were found to overexpress FZD10.

Efficaciousness of Low Affinity Compared to High Affinity TSPO Ligands in the Inhibition of Hypoxic Mitochondrial Cellular Damage Induced by Cobalt Chloride in Human Lung H1299 Cells.

The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) plays an important role in apoptotic cell death, including apoptosis induced by the hypoxia mimicking agent cobalt chloride (CoCl). In this study, the protective effects of a high (CB86; Ki= 1.6 nM) and a low (CB204; Ki= 117.

Thiolated hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as mucoadhesive excipient for oral delivery of budesonide in liquid paediatric formulation.

Budesonide (BUD) is a low water soluble (S = 5.028·10 M) corticosteroid used as preferred therapy for the treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), a chronic allergic-immune condition with an increased incidence in the paediatric population. Currently there are no commercial medicines indicated for EoE, and, therefore, in the hospital pharmacy the BUD is extemporaneously formulated as viscous oral suspension at the initial dose of 1-2 mg per day for children, highlighting the need of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system (MDDS) that adheres to the site of action and prolongs the therapeutic activity of the administered drug.

FZD10 Carried by Exosomes Sustains Cancer Cell Proliferation.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in intercellular communication during carcinogenesis, and cancer cells are able to secrete EVs, in particular exosomes containing molecules, that can be transferred to recipient cells to induce pathological processes and significant modifications, as metastasis, increase of proliferation, and carcinogenesis evolution. FZD proteins, a family of receptors comprised in the Wnt signaling pathway, play an important role in carcinogenesis of the gastroenteric tract. Here, a still unknown role of Frizzled 10 (FZD10) protein was identified.

Single Domain 10 nm Ferromagnetism Imprinted on Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles Using Chiral Molecules.

The rapid growth in demand for data and the emerging applications of Big Data require the increase of memory capacity. Magnetic memory devices are among the leading technologies for meeting this demand; however, they rely on the use of ferromagnets that creates size reduction limitations and poses complex materials requirements. Usually magnetic memory sizes are limited to 30-50 nm.

Risk Assessment and Risk Minimization in Nanomedicine: A Need for Predictive, Alternative, and 3Rs Strategies.

The use of nanomaterials in medicine has grown very rapidly, leading to a concern about possible health risks. Surely, the application of nanotechnology in medicine has many significant potentialities as it can improve human health in at least three different ways: by contributing to early disease diagnosis, improved treatment outcomes and containment of health care costs. However, toxicology or safety assessment is an integral part of any new medical technology and the nanotechnologies are no exception.

The evaluation of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions and their effect in water-methanol solutions: A study in terms of the thermodynamic state functions in the frame of the transition state theory.

Aqueous solutions of amphiphilic molecules are characterized by the competition between hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions. These interactions have a different energetic dependence with the temperature. Whereas hydrophilic interactions have been well characterized, a complete theory for the hydrophobic ones is still lacking as well as the comprehension of the effect that the solvent exerts on the solute and vice versa.

Oscillations of Bubble Shape Cause Anomalous Surfactant Diffusion: Experiments, Theory, and Simulations.

We investigate, both theoretically and experimentally, the role played by the oscillations of the cell membrane on the capture rate of substances freely diffusing around the cell. To obtain quantitative results, we propose and build up a reproducible and tunable biomimetic experimental model system to simulate the phenomenon of an oscillation-enhanced (or depressed) capture rate (chemoreception) of a diffusant. The main advantage compared to real biological systems is that the different oscillation parameters (type of deformation, frequencies, and amplitudes) can be finely tuned.

Flow injection analysis with diode array absorbance detection and dynamic surface tension detection for studying denaturation and surface activity of globular proteins.

In this article, a multidimensional dynamic surface tension detector (DSTD), in a parallel configuration with a UV-visible diode array absorbance detector, is presented in a novel flow injection analysis (FIA) application to study the effects of chemical denaturants urea, guanidinium hydrochloride (GdmHCl), and guanidinium thyocyanate (GdmSCN) on the surface activity of globular proteins at the liquid-air interface. The DSTD signal is obtained by measuring the changing pressure across the liquid-air interface of 4-mul drops repeatedly forming at the end of a capillary using FIA. The sensitivity and selectivity of the DSTD signal is related to the surface-active protein concentration in aqueous solution combined with the thermodynamics and kinetics of protein interaction at a liquid-air drop interface.