Comparative Effects of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment via Different Routes on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury.

Background: Although umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) infusion has been proposed as a promising strategy for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI), the parameters of UCMSC transplantation, such as infusion routes and doses, need to be further optimized.

Methods: In this study, we compared the therapeutic effects of UCMSCs transplanted via intravenous injection and intratracheal instillation on lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI using a rat model. Following transplantation, levels of inflammatory factors in serum; neutrophils, total white blood cells, and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); and lung damage levels were analyzed.

Recent progress in mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are life-threatening diseases in critically ill patients. Although pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS has been investigated in many studies, effective therapeutic strategies are still limited. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is emerging as a promising therapeutic intervention for patients with ALI.

Umbilical cord MSC-derived exosomes improve alveolar macrophage function and reduce LPS-induced acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe condition that can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with a high mortality rate. Currently, no specific and compelling drug treatment plan exists. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies as a potential treatment for ALI and other lung-related conditions due to their immunomodulatory properties and ability to regenerate various cell types.

2α, 3α, 24-Thrihydroxyurs-12-en-24-ursolic acid enhances the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin on oral cancer cells by down-regulating autophagy.

This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of 2α, 3α, 24-thrihydroxyurs-12-en-24-ursolic acid (TEOA) alone or in combination with cisplatin on oral cancer. TEOA, a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound isolated from the roots of Actinidia eriantha, has demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical experiments. However, its role in oral cancer remains poorly understood.

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells relieve osteoarthritis in rats through immunoregulation and inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) in treating osteoarthritis (OA). Sprague-Dawley rats were used in in vivo experiments and divided into four groups: normal, OA model, saline, and UCMSC-treated groups (n = 6). An OA model was established by injecting iodoacetic acid into the joint cavity.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based cell-free therapy for the treatment of acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe medical condition that causes inflammation and fluid buildup in the lung, resulting in respiratory distress. Moreover, ALI often occurs as a complication of other medical conditions or injuries, including the coronavirus disease of 2019. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are being studied extensively for their therapeutic potential in various diseases, including ALI.

Effects of Sepsis Serum on the Fate of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells.

Background: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), a type of mesenchymal stem cell, have been used extensively in clinical trials for the treatment of multiple conditions, including sepsis. However, increasing evidence indicates that ADSCs vanish from tissues within days of administration. Consequently, it would be desirable to establish the mechanisms underlying the fate of ADSCs following transplantation.

Estrogen upregulates DNA2 expression through the PI3K-AKT pathway in endometrial carcinoma.

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy, affecting up to 3% of women at some point during their lifetime (Morice et al., 2016; Li and Wang, 2021). Based on the pathogenesis and biological behavioral characteristics, endometrial cancer can be divided into estrogen-dependent (I) and non-estrogen-dependent (II) types (Ulrich, 2011).

DEHP mediates drug resistance by metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer cells.

Long-term exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDCs) and plasticizer widely used in consumer products, has been reported to be significantly positively correlated with increased risks of different human diseases, including various cancers, while the potential effect of DEHP on colorectal cancer progression was little studied. In the present study, we showed that DEHP could trigger the metabolic reprogramming of colorectal cancer cells, promote cell growth and decrease fluorouracil (5-FU) sensitivity. Mechanistic studies indicated that DEHP could reduce glycolysis activity and increase oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in SW620 cells.

RNA-Sequencing approach for exploring the therapeutic effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem/stromal cells on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is significantly associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with critical diseases. In recent years, studies have identified that mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) ameliorate ALI and pulmonary fibrosis. However, the mechanism underlying this outcome in ALI has not yet been investigated.

Targeting mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase YARS2 suppresses colorectal cancer progression.

Defects in tRNA expressions and modifications had been linked to various types of tumorigenesis and progression in recent studies, including colorectal cancer. In the present study, we evaluated transcript levels of mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase YARS2 in both colorectal cancer tissues and normal colorectal tissues using qRT-PCR. The results revealed that the mRNA expression level of YARS2 in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly higher than those in normal intestinal tissues.

Phenotypic and Functional Characterizations of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Isolated From Human Cranial Bone Marrow.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that were originally isolated from bone marrow. In contrast to long bone-derived MSCs that have been extensively characterized, our knowledge regarding to MSCs isolated from flat bones (e.g.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Educate Mesenchymal Stromal Cells toward an Adipogenic Differentiation Propensity with Leukemia Promotion Capabilities.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are essential elements of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, which have been widely implicated in pathways that contribute to leukemia growth and resistance. Recent reports showed genotypic and phenotypic alterations in leukemia patient-derived MSCs, indicating that MSCs might be educated/reprogrammed. However, the results have been inconclusive, possibly due to the heterogeneity of leukemia.

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in Rats.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) or premature ovarian failure (POF) is known as a state of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Stem cell therapy is expected to be used in the treatment of POI. The aim of the present study was to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) transplantation for the treatment of POI in a rat model of POI induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) injection.

Long-term transplantation human menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cell loaded collagen scaffolds repair endometrium histological injury.

Menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cell (MBMSC) is a potential cell source for effective therapy for intrauterine adhesion (IUA). Collagen scaffold (CS) loaded with mesenchymal stem cells promotes endometrial regeneration in IUA model animals. However, role of combination of MBMSCs and CS in IUA therapy remains elusive.

An Optimized Method for Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Isolation and its Application in Fat Grafting.

Background: The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) derived from adipose tissue contains heterogeneous cell populations and has enormous potential for clinical therapy. There are two main methods for SVF isolation: enzymatic isolation and mechanical isolation, both of which have shortcomings. In this study, optimized conditions for the isolation of high-quality SVF were established, and applications in fat grafting were evaluated.

Ultra-structural morphology analysis of human cranial bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells during neural differentiation.

Neural differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells has been widely studied. However, a comparative characterization of ultrastructural changes during neural differentiation has not been performed. In this study, we conducted scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis to show the morphological changes in mesenchymal stromal cells upon induction of neural differentiation.

Current status and future prospects of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are produced from adult somatic cells through reprogramming, which behave like embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but avoiding the controversial ethical issues from destruction of embryos. Since the first discovery in 2006 of four factors that are essential for maintaining the basic characteristics of ESC, global researches have rapidly improved the techniques for generating iPSCs. In this paper, we review new insights into patient-specific iPSC and summarize selected "disease-in-a-dish" examples that model the genetic and epigenetic variations of human diseases.

Mtu1 defects are correlated with reduced osteogenic differentiation.

Accumulating evidence has revealed that mitochondria dynamics and function regulation is essential for the successful mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation. In the present study, the researchers reported for the first time that Mtu1 defects are correlated with reduced osteogenic differentiation. Using in vitro cultured bone marrow MSCs and stromal cell line MS5, we demonstrated that depressed Mtu1 expression was associated with reduced 2-thiouridine modification of the U34 of mitochondrial tRNA, tRNA, and tRNA, which led to respiratory deficiencies and reduced mitochondrial ATP production, and finally suppressed osteogenic differentiation.

Comparison of phenotypic markers and neural differentiation potential of human bone marrow stromal cells from the cranial bone and iliac crest.

Cellular therapies represent a new frontier in the treatment of neurological diseases. Accumulating evidence from preclinical studies of animal models suggests that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, are an effective therapy for neurological diseases. In this study, we established human MSC lines from both cranial bone marrow (cBMMSCs) and iliac crest bone marrow (iBMMSCs) from the same donors and found that cBMMSCs show higher expression of neural crest-associated genes than iBMMSCs.

Comparative Effects of Umbilical Cord- and Menstrual Blood-Derived MSCs in Repairing Acute Lung Injury.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can effectively relieve acute lung injury (ALI) in several models. However, the underlying mechanisms and optimal sources of MSCs are unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of umbilical cord- (UC-) and menstrual blood- (MB-) derived MSCs on ALI.

Theabrownin Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression and Tumor Growth of Lung Carcinoma through c-myc-Related Mechanism.

Green tea, the fresh leaves of , is not only a health-promoting beverage but also a traditional Chinese medicine used for prevention or treatment of cancer, such as lung cancer. Theabrownin (TB) is the main fraction responsible for the medicinal effects of green tea, but whether it possesses anti-cancer effect is unknown yet. This study aimed to determine the and anti-lung cancer effect of TB and explore the underlying molecular mechanism, by using A549 cell line and Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice.

Human Menstrual Blood-Derived Stem Cells Ameliorate Liver Fibrosis in Mice by Targeting Hepatic Stellate Cells via Paracrine Mediators.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may have potential applications in regenerative medicine for the treatment of chronic liver diseases (CLDs). Human menstrual blood is a novel source of MSCs, termed menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs). Compared with bone marrow MSCs, MenSCs exhibit a higher proliferation rate and they can be obtained through a simple, safe, painless procedure without ethical concerns.