Feasibility study of hyperspectral colposcopy as a novel tool for detecting precancerous cervical lesions.

Cervical cancer remains a major global health concern, with a specially alarming incidence in younger women. Traditional detection techniques such as the Pap smear and colposcopy often lack sensitivity and specificity and are highly dependent on the experience of the gynaecologist. In response, this study proposes the use of Hyperspectral Imaging, a pioneering technology that combines traditional imaging with spectroscopy to provide detailed spatial and spectral information.

Bentayga-I: Development of a Low-Cost and Open-Source Multispectral CubeSat for Marine Environment Monitoring and Prevention.

CubeSats have emerged as a promising alternative to satellite missions for studying remote areas where satellite data are scarce and insufficient, such as coastal and marine environments. However, their standard size and weight limitations make integrating remote sensing optical instruments challenging. This work presents the development of Bentayga-I, a CubeSat designed to validate PANDORA, a self-made, lightweight, cost-effective multispectral camera with interchangeable spectral optical filters, in near-space conditions.

Hot spot volcano emissions as a source of natural iron fertilization in the ocean.

Dust deposition, river runoff and glacial melt are the main sources of trace metals to the surface ocean. In the Canary Islands, deposition is dominated by dry dust deposition from the Saharan desert. However, during 85 days, from 19 September to 13 December 2021, the main source of trace metals on the island of La Palma changed drastically.

Hybrid brain tumor classification of histopathology hyperspectral images by linear unmixing and an ensemble of deep neural networks.

Hyperspectral imaging has demonstrated its potential to provide correlated spatial and spectral information of a sample by a non-contact and non-invasive technology. In the medical field, especially in histopathology, HSI has been applied for the classification and identification of diseased tissue and for the characterization of its morphological properties. In this work, we propose a hybrid scheme to classify non-tumor and tumor histological brain samples by hyperspectral imaging.

A g/I-Based Low-Power LNA for Ka-Band Applications.

This article presents the design of a low-power low noise amplifier (LNA) implemented in 45 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology using the gm/ID methodology. The Ka-band LNA achieves a very low power consumption of only 1.98 mW andis the first time the gm/ID approach is applied at such a high frequency.

An Edge Computing Application of Fundamental Frequency Extraction for Ocean Currents and Waves.

This paper describes the design and optimization of a smart algorithm based on artificial intelligence to increase the accuracy of an ocean water current meter. The main purpose of water current meters is to obtain the fundamental frequency of the ocean waves and currents. The limiting factor in those underwater applications is power consumption and that is the reason to use only ultra-low power microcontrollers.

Comparing educational and dissemination videos in a STEM YouTube channel: A six-year data analysis.

Didactic videos have proven to be particularly beneficial for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education challenges. This is due to their contribution to the reduction of the intrinsic cognitive load, as well as fostering connections among subjects to promote generative processing. This fact, together with the wide presence of STEM dissemination videos on YouTube, creates an opportunity both for teachers to focus on dissemination channels to acquire quality materials, and for content creators to develop specific videos aiming to serve as pedagogical aid.

Integer Arithmetic Algorithm for Fundamental Frequency Identification of Oceanic Currents.

Underwater sensor networks play a crucial role in collecting valuable data to monitor offshore aquaculture infrastructures. The number of deployed devices not only impacts the bandwidth for a highly constrained communication environment, but also the cost of the sensor network. On the other hand, industrial and literature current meters work as raw data loggers, and most of the calculations to determine the fundamental frequencies are performed offline on a desktop computer or in the cloud.

A Ku-Band GaN-on-Si MMIC Power Amplifier with an Asymmetrical Output Combiner.

In this paper, a microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) high-power amplifier (HPA) for Ku-band active radar applications based on gallium nitride on silicon (GaN-on-Si) is presented. The design is based on a three-stage architecture and was implemented using the D01GH technology provided by OMMIC foundry. Details on the architecture definition and design process to maximize delivered power are provided along with stability and thermal analyses.

A Comparative Analysis of Doherty and Outphasing MMIC GaN Power Amplifiers for 5G Applications.

A comparison between a fully integrated Doherty power amplifier (DPA) and outphasing power amplifier (OPA) for fifth Generation (5G) wireless communications is presented in this paper. Both amplifiers are integrated using pHEMT transistors from the OMMIC's 100 nm GaN-on-Si technology (D01GH). After a theoretical analysis, the design and layout of both circuits are presented.

A 17.8-20.2 GHz Compact Vector-Sum Phase Shifter in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS Technology for LEO Gateways Receivers.

This paper presents a novel and compact vector modulator (VM) architecture implemented in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The design is suitable for use in receive phased arrays for the gateways of major low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations that operate in the 17.8 to 20.

Towards Real-Time Hyperspectral Multi-Image Super-Resolution Reconstruction Applied to Histological Samples.

Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) is increasingly adopted in medical applications for the usefulness of understanding the spectral signature of specific organic and non-organic elements. The acquisition of such images is a complex task, and the commercial sensors that can measure such images is scarce down to the point that some of them have limited spatial resolution in the bands of interest. This work proposes an approach to enhance the spatial resolution of hyperspectral histology samples using super-resolution.

A 2-V 1.4-dB NF GaAs MMIC LNA for K-Band Applications.

A 1.4-dB Noise Figure (NF) four-stage K-band Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) in UMS 100 nm GaAs pHEMT technology is presented. The proposed circuit is designed to cover the 5G New Release n258 frequency band (24.

Evaluation of Preprocessing Methods on Independent Medical Hyperspectral Databases to Improve Analysis.

Currently, one of the most common causes of death worldwide is cancer. The development of innovative methods to support the early and accurate detection of cancers is required to increase the recovery rate of patients. Several studies have shown that medical Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) combined with artificial intelligence algorithms is a powerful tool for cancer detection.

Neural Networks-Based On-Site Dermatologic Diagnosis through Hyperspectral Epidermal Images.

Cancer originates from the uncontrolled growth of healthy cells into a mass. Chromophores, such as hemoglobin and melanin, characterize skin spectral properties, allowing the classification of lesions into different etiologies. Hyperspectral imaging systems gather skin-reflected and transmitted light into several wavelength ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum, enabling potential skin-lesion differentiation through machine learning algorithms.

Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks to Enhance Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Skin Cancer Application.

In recent years, researchers designed several artificial intelligence solutions for healthcare applications, which usually evolved into functional solutions for clinical practice. Furthermore, deep learning (DL) methods are well-suited to process the broad amounts of data acquired by wearable devices, smartphones, and other sensors employed in different medical domains. Conceived to serve the role of diagnostic tool and surgical guidance, hyperspectral images emerged as a non-contact, non-ionizing, and label-free technology.

Novel Deep-Water Tidal Meter for Offshore Aquaculture Infrastructures.

This paper presents a tidal current meter that is based on the inertial acceleration principle for offshore infrastructures in deep water. Focusing on the marine installations of the aquaculture industry, we studied the forces of tides at a depth of 15 m by measuring the acceleration. In addition, we used a commercial MEMS triaxial accelerometer to record the acceleration values.

Miniature Wide-Band Noise-Canceling CMOS LNA.

In this paper, a wide-band noise-canceling (NC) current conveyor (CC)-based CMOS low-noise amplifier (LNA) is presented. The circuit employs a CC-based approach to obtain wide-band input matching without the need for bulky inductances, allowing broadband performance with a very small area used. The NC technique is applied by subtracting the input transistor’s noise contribution to the output and achieves a noise figure (NF) reduction from 4.

Area-Efficient Integrated Current-Reuse Feedback Amplifier for Wake-Up Receivers in Wireless Sensor Network Applications.

Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications are under extensive research and development due to the need to interconnect devices with each other. To reduce latency while keeping very low power consumption, the implementation of a wake-up receiver (WuR) is of particular interest. In WuR implementations, meeting high performance metrics is a design challenge, and the obtention of high-sensitivity, high data rate, low-power-consumption WuRs is not a straightforward procedure.

A New Current-Shaping Technique Based on a Feedback Injection Mechanism to Reduce VCO Phase Noise.

Inductor-capacitor voltage controlled oscillators (LC-VCOs) are the most common type of oscillator used in sensors systems, such as transceivers for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), VCO-based reading circuits, VCO-based radar sensors, etc. This work presents a technique to reduce the LC-VCOs phase noise using a new current-shaping method based on a feedback injection mechanism with only two additional transistors. This technique consists of keeping the negative resistance seen from LC tank constant throughout the oscillation cycle, achieving a significant phase noise reduction with a very low area increase.

Application of NSGA-II to Obtain the Charging Current-Time Tradeoff Curve in Battery Based Underwater Wireless Sensor Nodes.

In this paper, a novel application of the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II) is presented for obtaining the charging current-time tradeoff curve in battery based underwater wireless sensor nodes. The selection of the optimal charging current and times is a common optimization problem. A high charging current ensures a fast charging time.

A Novel Miniaturized Biosensor for Monitoring Atlantic Salmon Swimming Activity and Respiratory Frequency.

The advanced development of sensor technologies has led to the emergence of fish biosensors that are currently used for research and commercial purposes. AEFishBIT is a miniaturized biosensor attached to fish operculum that measures physical activity and respiration frequencies. In this study, we determined the effect of the tagging method and evaluated the use of this biosensor to monitor post-smolt Atlantic salmon in a tank-based system.

A New Method for Gaining the Control of Standalone Underwater Sensor Nodes Based on Power Supply Sensing.

In this paper, a new method for gaining the control of standalone underwater sensor nodes based on sensing the power supply evolution is presented. Underwater sensor networks are designed to support multiple extreme scenarios such as network disconnections. In those cases, the sensor nodes involved should go into standalone, and its wired and wireless communications should be disabled.

Modulation by Ozone Therapy of Oxidative Stress in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: The Background for a Randomized Clinical Trial.

(1) Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) decreases the quality of life of patients and can lead to a dose reduction and/or the interruption of chemotherapy treatment, limiting its effectiveness. Potential pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of CIPN include chronic oxidative stress and subsequent increase in free radicals and proinflammatory cytokines. Approaches for the treatment of CIPN are highly limited in their number and efficacy, although several antioxidant-based therapies have been tried.

A Novel Charging Method for Underwater Batteryless Sensor Node Networks.

In this paper, we present a novel charging method for underwater batteryless sensor node networks. The target application is a practical underwater sensor network for oceanic fish farms. The underwater sections of the network use a wireless power transfer system based on the ISO 11784/11785 HDX standard for supplying energy to the batteryless sensor nodes.