Needed independent and dependent variables in multi-element behavior support plans addressing severe behavior problems.

Ethically , behavior analysts are required to use the least aversive and restrictive procedures capable of managing behaviors of concern. This article introduces and discusses a multi-element paradigm for devising support plans that include ecological, positive programming, and focused-support proactive strategies for reducing the frequency of problem behavior occurrence. It also includes reactive strategies, i.

The efficacy of positive behavioural support with the most challenging behaviour: the evidence and its implications.

Background: Positive behaviour support (PBS) is behaviour analysis applied in support of people with challenging behaviour. Questions have been raised as to PBS effectiveness, costs, and accessibility.

Method: Outcome studies meeting specified criteria for PBS were selected for review.

Developing behavioural services to meet defined standards within a national system of specialist education services.

In response to increasing demand for more accountability and improved outcomes in the provision of behavioural services, Specialist Education Services (SES) in New Zealand employed the trainer of trainers programme developed by the Institute for Applied Behaviour Analysis (IABA). The goal was to develop a national training team capable of training SES staff to carry out assessments and develop support plans that could meet defined standards. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of this trainer of trainers project.

The safe management of physical aggression using multi-element positive practices in community settings.

Background: Behavioral strategies often are used with people with acquired brain injury. Most involve the application of contingent reinforcement and punishment for selected behaviors or teaching important skills to overcome the challenging behaviors. However, consequential intervention and other strategies that depend on new learning may be precluded when working with individuals with significant short-term memory impairment.

Rehab rounds: training professionals in use of positive methods for community integration of persons with developmental disabilities.

Mainstream psychiatry has all but ignored the clinical needs of persons with developmental disabilities. With some notable exceptions, individuals in this group have been served in the community by behaviorally oriented psychologists or relegated to long-term institutional care. However, effective interventions are available, beginning with a functional analysis of the antecedents and consequences of targeted problem behaviors.