Do Nanoparticles of Calcium Disodium EDTA Minimize the Toxic Effects of Cadmium in Female Rats?

The present study aims to investigate the ability of CaNa2EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) macroparticles and nanoparticles to treat cadmium-induced toxicity in female rats and to compare their efficacies. Forty rats were divided into 4 equal groups: control, cadmium, cadmium + CaNaEDTA macroparticles and Cd + CaNaEDTA nanoparticles. Cadmium was added to the drinking water in a concentration of 30 ppm for 10 weeks.

Establishment of repeated liver biopsy technique in experimental mice.

Biopsy is a commonly used method for determining pathological diagnoses by directly using human tissues and cells. Biopsies are widely used to determine disease progression and treatment efficacy. Although organs and tissues are usually obtained by sacrifice during animal experiments, it is theoretically possible to use the same biopsy techniques in humans.

Successful induction of pseudopregnancy using sonic vibration in mice.

Embryo transfer (ET) is an essential reproductive technology for the production of new animal strains and maintenance of genetic resources. We developed a method, named Easy-ET, to induce pseudopregnancy in female rats by artificial stimulation using sonic vibration instead of mating with vasectomized males. This study examined the application of this method for the induction of pseudopregnancy in mice.

Age-dependent sex difference of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in TSOD and db/db mice.

According to previous clinical studies, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is higher in men than women only during the reproductive age. Animal models of NAFLD that reflect sex differences in humans have not been established. In this study, we examined sex differences in the hepatic lesions of Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetes (TSOD) and db/db mice, which are representative genetic models of NAFLD.

Spontaneous Occurrence of Various Types of Hepatocellular Adenoma in the Livers of Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Steatohepatitis Model TSOD Mice.

Male Tsumura-Suzuki Obese Diabetes (TSOD) mice, a spontaneous metabolic syndrome model, develop non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and liver tumors by feeding on a standard mouse diet. Nearly 70% of liver tumors express glutamine synthetase (GS), a marker of hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast, approximately 30% are GS-negative without prominent nuclear or structural atypia.

Iron-accumulating splenocytes may exacerbate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through the production of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) results from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via multiple-parallel events, including hepatic triglyceride accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The complex interaction between the liver and multiple other organs is involved in NASH development. Although spleen-derived humoral factors can directly contribute to NAFLD/NASH onset via the portal vein, the status of the spleen in the early stage of NASH remains unknown.

Successful pseudopregnancy of rats by short period artificial stimulation using sonic vibration.

Psuedopregnancy for embryo transfer (ET) is usually induced in rats by mating with vasectomized males. Previously, we successfully induced pseudopregnancy using sonic vibration instead (Easy-ET method). The transferred embryos developed normally.

Neonatal streptozotocin treatment rapidly causes different subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma without persistent hyperglycemia in 4CS mice fed on a normal diet.

Although diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the underlying mechanisms have not yet to be defined. We previously reported that DIAR mice fed with standard murine diet developed type 1 diabetes and HCC at age of 16 weeks old with a neonatal streptozotocin treatment (n-STZ). Because DIAR mice did not manifest obesity nor develop steatohepatitis, hyperglycemia with streptozotocin trigger or streptozotocin alone might turn on the hepato-carcinogenesis.

Simple induction of pseudopregnancy by artificial stimulation using a sonic vibration in rats.

Embryo transfer has been used as one of the essential reproductive technologies for production of new strains and maintenance of genetic resources in animals. Mating with vasectomised male rats is a requirement for inducing pseudopregnancy in female rats selected for embryo transfer. Although this procedure has been used routinely, large breeding space and high expenditure are required to maintain a sufficient number of females and vasectomised males.

Human Platelet Lysate as a Functional Substitute for Fetal Bovine Serum in the Culture of Human Adipose Derived Stromal/Stem Cells.

Introduction: Adipose derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) hold potential as cell therapeutics for a wide range of disease states; however, many expansion protocols rely on the use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a cell culture nutrient supplement. The current study explores the substitution of lysates from expired human platelets (HPLs) as an FBS substitute.

Methods: Expired human platelets from an authorized blood center were lysed by freeze/thawing and used to examine human ASCs with respect to proliferation using hematocytometer cell counts, colony forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) frequency, surface immunophenotype by flow cytometry, and tri-lineage (adipocyte, chondrocyte, osteoblast) differentiation potential by histochemical staining.

Nanoparticles of zinc oxide defeat chlorpyrifos-induced immunotoxic effects and histopathological alterations.

Background And Aim: Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide. Nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO NPs) physically showed effective adsorbing property for some insecticides. The study was conducted to estimate the potential effect of ZnO NPs against CPF toxicity.

Collagen-derived peptides modulate CD4 T-cell differentiation and suppress allergic responses in mice.

Introduction: Collagen peptides have been widely used as a food supplement. After ingestion of collagen peptides, oligopeptides containing hydroxyproline (Hyp), which are known to have some physiological activities, are detected in peripheral blood. However, the effects of collagen-peptide administration on immune response are unclear.

Modulating effect of MgO-SiO nanoparticles on immunological and histopathological alterations induced by aflatoxicosis in rats.

Introduction: AflatoxinB1 (AFB1) is well-known as a feed borne-hepatotoxic and immunosuppressive mycotoxin. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of nanocomposite magnesium oxide and silicon oxide (MgO-SiO) in reducing the toxic effects of AFB1on the immunity and histological alterations in liver, spleen and intestine of adult male rats.

Experimental Design: Animals were divided into a control (Gp1) and three experimental groups (Gps); Gp2 received feed contained 200 ppb AFB1, Gp3 received feed contained 200 ppb AFB1 and 0.

Facilitatory effect of insulin treatment on hepatocellular carcinoma development in diabetes.

Background: To evaluate the effect of insulin treatment on the incidence and/or severity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a mouse model of HCC based on diabetes.

Methods: We recently reported that neonatal streptozotocin (STZ) treatment causes type 1 diabetes and subsequent HCC in ddY, Institute for Animal Reproduction (DIAR) mice. Newborn male DIAR mice were divided into three groups based on STZ and insulin (INS) treatment.

Histopathological characteristics of glutamine synthetase-positive hepatic tumor lesions in a mouse model of spontaneous metabolic syndrome (TSOD mouse).

We previously reported that Tsumura-Suzuki obese diabetic (TSOD) mice, a polygenic model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes, is a valuable model of hepatic carcinogenesis via non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). One of the characteristics of tumors in these mice is the diffuse expression of glutamine synthetase (GS), which is a diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we performed detailed histopathological examinations and found that GS expression was diffusely positive in >70% of the hepatic tumors from 15-month-old male TSOD mice.

Neonatal streptozotocin treatment causes type 1 diabetes and subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma in DIAR mice fed a normal diet.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major health challenge because of its increasing morbidity and mortality. The establishment of useful models of HCC can significantly contribute to unveiling its pathophysiology. We developed a novel mouse model of HCC based on type 1 diabetes and reported its histopathological features.

Coffee consumption delays the hepatitis and suppresses the inflammation related gene expression in the Long-Evans Cinnamon rat.

Background And Aims: Large-scale epidemiological studies have shown that drinking more than two cups of coffee per day reduces the risks of hepatitis and liver cancer. However, the heterogeneity of the human genome requires studies of experimental animal models with defined genetic backgrounds to evaluate the coffee effects on liver diseases. We evaluated the efficacy of coffee consumption with one of experimental animal models for human disease.

A genetic linkage map of rat chromosome 9 with a new locus for variant activity of liver aldehyde oxidase.

A genetic linkage map of rat chromosome 9 consisting of five loci including a new biochemical marker representing a genetic variation of the activity of the liver aldehyde oxidase, (Aox) was constructed. Linkage analysis of the five loci among 92 backcross progeny of (WKS/Iar x IS/Iar)F1 x WKS/Iar revealed significant linkages between these loci. Minimizing crossover frequency resulted in the best gene order: Aox-D9Mit4-Gls-Cryg-Tp53l1.

Sequential alterations in clinical biochemical indicators of renal function in 5/6 nephrectomized rats--basic study for renal toxicity using 5/6 nephrectomized rats.

It has been established that progression of renal lesions in 5/6 nephrectomized rats, in which the total right kidney was removed and two poles of the left kidney were excised surgically, and are used as an animal model of renal failure in man, can be morphologically divided into three stages. In the present study, for establishing a renal toxicity study using this animal model on the physiological side, changes of biochemical parameters were sequentially investigated in 20 male 5/6 nephrectomized Wistar rats until 26 weeks after nephrectomy. Creatinine clearance (CLcre) and water as well as electrolyte reabsorption (FRwater and FR Na, K, Cl) were reduced at weeks 2-4, then increased slightly from weeks 6 to 10, and reduced again thereafter.

Hypertension and the renin-angiotensin system in the congenital hydronephrosis rat with non-obstructive pelviureteric junction abnormalities.

We examined the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in the maintenance of hypertension of the rat with congenital hydronephrosis having no urinary tract obstruction. The congenital hydronephrosis rat (HNR) had a significantly higher systolic blood pressure (181 +/- 9.5 mm Hg in the male bilateral hydronephrosis rat, BHN, at 13 weeks of age, n = 10) than control Wistar-Imamichi rats (126 +/- 5.

Effects of dietary salt restriction on blood pressure and the renal vasoactive system in the congenitally bilateral hydronephrotic rat.

We examined the responses on blood pressure when the renal vasoactive system such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) was activated by dietary salt restriction in the congenitally bilateral hydronephrotic rat (BHN). In a low salt diet (LS)-normotensive and normal kidney control rats after 8 weeks from initiating dietary salt restriction, the plasma sodium concentration (PNa) was retained at a level similar to that in the normal diet (ND)-control rats, and plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and urinary kallikrein activity (UKA) were about 1.8-, 9.

Chromosomal localization of a strain-specific p53-related sequence in rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Strain-specific restriction fragments hybridizing to human p53 gene cDNA, which was detected in only particular strains of inbred rat were revealed by Southern blot hybridization of DNAs of various inbred rat strains. Chromosomal location of the strain-specific fragments was determined on rat chromosome 1 between Kal and Pkc loci by linkage analysis using microsatellite marker loci. The fragments were concluded to be a novel p53-related sequence which is present in particular rat strains and absent from the remaining strains.

[Comparison of urine volume, glomerular filtration rate, excretion and fraction of reabsorption of major substances in urine in three different rat strains].

Urine volume (UV), Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and Fraction of reabsorption (FR) of water, Ca, IP, Na+, K+, Cl-, Glu and UN, which are significant in kidney function analysis, were investigated and compared in three rat strains (WI, SD and F344). UV/body weight ratios were higher in SD rats as compared to other strains. The GFR difference was not significant, but the FRH2O difference was significant in three rat strains.