291 results match your criteria: "Institute for Adult Diseases[Affiliation]"
Transplant Proc
November 2024
Department of Surgery Nephrology Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo Japan.
BK virus-associated nephritis (BKVAN) is an important cause of graft loss in renal transplant recipients B K viremia occurs in up to 30% of renal transplant recipients. Since the discovery of BKV in 1971, effective prophylaxis and treatment have not been established, and it is not uncommon for a transplant kidney to be lost without cure of BKVAN. BK virus infection is reactivated when cellular immunity is suppressed, which is often during the first year after kidney transplantation when cellular immunity is most suppressed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Vis Sci Technol
October 2024
Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Oyaguchi-Kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Purpose: To examine the effects of hydrogen water on retinal blood flow (RBF) dysregulation in diabetes, we evaluated changes in RBF in response to flicker stimulation and systemic hyperoxia in diabetic mice.
Methods: Twelve type 2 diabetic mice were divided into a group that received non-hydrogen water (n = 6, control group) and the other that received hydrogen-rich water (0.6-0.
Medicina (Kaunas)
March 2024
Department of Biofunctional Microbiota, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of various acute disorders including ischemia/reperfusion injury, ultraviolet/radiation burn, as well as chronic disorders such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the precise mechanism involved remains to be clarified. We formerly identified a novel apoptosis-inducing humoral protein, in a hypoxia/reoxygenation-conditioned medium of cardiac myocytes, which proved to be 69th tyrosine-sulfated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut
May 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
April 2022
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Giardia lamblia is a leading protozoal cause of diarrheal disease worldwide. Infection is associated with abdominal pain, malabsorption and weight loss, and protracted post-infectious syndromes. A human vaccine is not available against G.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Invest
June 2022
Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
J Infect Dis
August 2022
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
The protozoan pathogen Giardia lamblia is an important worldwide cause of diarrheal disease and malabsorption. Infection is managed with antimicrobials, although drug resistance and treatment failures are a clinical challenge. Prior infection provides significant protection, yet a human vaccine has not been realized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterology
April 2022
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Background & Aims: Chromatin architecture governs cell lineages by regulating the specific gene expression; however, its role in the diversity of cancer development remains unknown. Among pancreatic cancers, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) with an associated invasive carcinoma (IPMNinv) arise from 2 distinct precursors, and their fundamental differences remain obscure. Here, we aimed to assess the difference of chromatin architecture regulating the transcriptional signatures or biological features in pancreatic cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cardiol
February 2022
Department of Biofunctional Microbiota, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan. Electronic address:
Background: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in cardiac myocytes. However, the precise mechanism remains uncertain. We identified an apoptosis-inducing humoral factor, in a conditioned medium from cardiac myocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation, to be 69th tyrosine-sulfated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJHEP Rep
August 2021
Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Background & Aims: Liver lobules are typically subdivided into 3 metabolic zones: zones 1, 2, and 3. However, the contribution of zonal differences in hepatocytes to liver regeneration, as well as to carcinogenic susceptibility, remains unclear.
Methods: We developed a new method for sustained genetic labelling of zone 3 hepatocytes and performed fate tracing to monitor these cells in multiple mouse liver tumour models.
Heart Vessels
December 2021
Department of Biofunctional Microbiota, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Oxidative stress, an inducer of apoptosis, plays a critical role in ischemia/reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis. We previously identified an apoptosis-inducing ligand, the post-translationally modified secreted form of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), 'oxidative stress-responsive apoptosis-inducing protein' (ORAIP). In this study, we investigated the role of ORAIP in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH), a leading cause of premature cardiovascular disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Accidental fall risk is high in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Falls are associated with fatal injury, comorbidities, and mortality. Risk assessment should be a primary component of fall prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
December 2020
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
The mechanism of -induced atrophy and metaplasia has not been fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the novel role of Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and downstream MAPKs as a regulator of host immune responses and epithelial maintenance against infection. ASK1 gene deficiency resulted in enhanced inflammation with numerous inflammatory cells including Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recruited into the infected stomach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Sci
April 2021
Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly common condition, affecting up to 25% of the population worldwide. NAFLD has been linked to several conditions, including hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however the role of NAFLD in cholangitis and the development of cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) remains poorly understood. This study investigated whether a high-fat diet (HFD) promotes cholangitis and the development of CCC in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Death Dis
January 2021
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
While the significance of acquired genetic abnormalities in the initiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been established, the role of epigenetic modification remains unknown. Here we identified the pivotal role of histone methyltransferase G9a in the DNA damage-triggered initiation of HCC. Using liver-specific G9a-deficient (G9a) mice, we revealed that loss of G9a significantly attenuated liver tumor initiation caused by diethylnitrosamine (DEN).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterology
May 2021
Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Background & Aims: Peribiliary glands (PBGs), clusters of epithelial cells residing in the submucosal compartment of extrahepatic bile ducts, have been suggested as biliary epithelial stem/progenitor cell niche; however, evidence to support this claim is limited because of a lack of PBG-specific markers. We therefore sought to identify PBG-specific markers to investigate the potential role of PBGs as stem/progenitor cell niches, as well as an origin of cancer.
Methods: We examined the expression pattern of the Wnt target gene Axin2 in extrahepatic bile ducts.
J Gastroenterol
March 2021
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
Background: Although type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a known risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, the annual incidence in diabetes patients is far below the threshold of efficient surveillance. This study aimed to elucidate the risk factors for HCC in diabetic patients and to determine the best criteria to identify surveillance candidates.
Methods: The study included 239 patients with T2DM who were diagnosed with non-viral HCC between 2010 and 2015, with ≥ 5 years of follow-up at diabetes clinics of 81 teaching hospitals in Japan before HCC diagnosis, and 3277 non-HCC T2DM patients from a prospective cohort study, as controls.
Commun Biol
January 2021
Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
Adiponectin receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 exert anti-diabetic effects. Although muscle-specific disruption of AdipoR1 has been shown to result in decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased exercise endurance, it remains to be determined whether upregulation of AdipoR1 could reverse them in obese diabetic mice. Here, we show that muscle-specific expression of human AdipoR1 increased expression levels of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative stress-detoxification to almost the same extents as treadmill exercise, and concomitantly increased insulin sensitivity and exercise endurance in obese diabetic mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Oncol
December 2020
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
Background: Accurate diagnosis of the disease extension of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is often difficult in clinical practice. The diagnostic yield of conventional pre-operative imaging or endoscopic procedures is sometimes insufficient for the evaluation of longitudinal spreading of CCA. Here we investigated the usefulness of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) for the pre- or intra-operative diagnosis of CCA, using patient-derived organoids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Genomics Proteomics
June 2021
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Background/aim: The entire mechanisms by which epigenetic modifiers contribute to the development of pancreatic cancer remain unknown. Although the histone methyltransferase G9a is a promising target in human cancers, its role in pancreatic carcinogenesis has been under-studied. The aim of the study was to examine the role of G9a in pancreatic carcinogenesis by a gene-targeting mouse model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Diabetes Complications
December 2020
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Box 356420, Seattle, WA 98195-6420, USA; Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 S. Columbian Way (S-123-PCC), Seattle, WA 98108, USA. Electronic address:
Aims: We compared 20 previously reported indices of insulin sensitivity derived from samples during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to determine which was best in predicting incident type 2 diabetes.
Methods: We prospectively followed 418 Japanese Americans without diabetes for 10-11 years. We compared ability to predict incident diabetes of 20 insulin sensitivity indices-9 based on fasting samples, 7 based on 2-h and/or fasting samples, and 4 based on multiple samples (0, 30, 60, 120 min) during an OGTT-by integrated discrimination improvement, category free net reclassification improvement, and area under the receiver operator characteristic curve.
J Diabetes Investig
May 2021
Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Aims/introduction: To identify thresholds for postprandial hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia predictive of all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials And Methods: A total of 1,928 patients with type 2 diabetes visited our clinic for the first time from 1995 to 1999 and were followed up for ≥1 year. During the first year, 2-h post-breakfast blood glucose (2h-BG) levels were measured in 1,122 patients (BG cohort) and postprandial serum triglyceride (ppTG) levels were measured in 1,826 patients (TG cohort).
Nutrients
June 2020
Department of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuoh-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between protein intake and mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. We analyzed a pooled data of 2494 diabetic patients from two prospective longitudinal studies. Nutritional intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
May 2020
Department of Health and Social Behavior, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Objectives: Self-stigma is associated with lower patient activation levels for self-care in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the causal pathway linking self-stigma with patient activation for self-care has not been shown. In order to determine how self-stigma affects patient activation for self-care, we tested a two-path hypothetical model both directly and as mediated by self-esteem and self-efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
May 2020
Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 650-0017 Kobe, Japan;
Although adipocytes are major targets of insulin, the influence of impaired insulin action in adipocytes on metabolic homeostasis remains unclear. We here show that adipocyte-specific PDK1 (3'-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1)-deficient (A-PDK1KO) mice manifest impaired metabolic actions of insulin in adipose tissue and reduction of adipose tissue mass. A-PDK1KO mice developed insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis, and this phenotype was suppressed by additional ablation of FoxO1 specifically in adipocytes (A-PDK1/FoxO1KO mice) without an effect on adipose tissue mass.
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