Synergy of plastics and heavy metals weakened soil bacterial diversity by regulating microbial functions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

How plastics coupled with metals regulate microbial functions-diversity relationships remain unknown in plateau soil environment. Three representative catchments in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, focusing on microplastics, their plasticisers, and metals in soils, were investigated. This research explores responses of bacterial diversity and functions to the co-existence of target pollutants, and pathways by which target pollutants regulate the diversity.

Diatomic "catalytic/co-catalytic" Fe/Mo catalysts promote Fenton-like reaction to treat organic wastewater through special interfacial reaction enhancement mechanism.

The full utilization of active sites and the effective Fe/Fecycling are the key problems that expand the application of iron-based Fenton-like reaction in water purification. In this paper, a novel diatomic Fe/Mo catalyst (Fe/Mo-DACs) was used to enhance the interfacial reaction mechanism with oxidant to achieve more stronger selective degradation of electron-donating organic pollutants. The availability of Fe sites during the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was enhanced by the adjacent atomic Mo sites, and the resulting special interfacial complex (Fe/Mo-DACs-PMS*) possessed higher activity, stability and selectivity (especially for electron-donating organics).

Agronomic characteristics, mineral nutrient content, antioxidant capacity, biochemical composition, and fatty acid profile of Iranian pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars.

Background: Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) nuts are among the most popular nuts. The pistachio cultivars are tolerant to both drought and salinity, which is why they are extensively grown in the arid, saline, and hot regions of the Middle East, Mediterranean countries, and the United States.

Impact of electric vehicle battery recycling on reducing raw material demand and battery life-cycle carbon emissions in China.

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) in China challenges raw material demand. This study evaluates the impact of recycling and reusing EV batteries on reducing material demand and carbon emissions. Integrating a national-level vehicle stock turnover model with life-cycle carbon emission assessment, we found that replacing nickel-cobalt-manganese batteries with lithium iron phosphate batteries with battery recycling can reduce lithium, cobalt, and nickel demand between 2021 and 2060 by up to 7.

Managing blood requirement in a rare P-null phenotype patient during the COVID pandemic in a resource-limited setting.

We report the case of a 5-year-old girl with a rare P-null phenotype who presented for a neurosurgical procedure at our center. The case is unique as this patient was one of the two P-null phenotype cases reported in India and we report how we could successfully arrange a rare blood unit for her. As it was challenging to find a donor for her, autologous blood was collected.

Continuous photo-oxidation of methane to methanol at an atomically tailored reticular gas-solid interface.

Photo-oxidation of methane (CH) using hydrogen peroxide (HO) synthesized in situ from air and water under sunlight offers an attractive route for producing green methanol while storing intermittent solar energy. However, in commonly used aqueous-phase systems, photocatalysis efficiency is severely limited due to the ultralow availability of CH gas and HO intermediate at the flooded interface. Here, we report an atomically modified metal-organic framework (MOF) membrane nanoreactor that promotes direct CH photo-oxidation to methanol at the gas-solid interface in a reticular open framework.

Hemoglobin mass is accurately predicted in endurance athletes.

Hemoglobin mass (Hb) prediction enhance the accessibility and practicality of athletes' hemoglobin status monitoring, facilitating better performance. Therefore, we aimed to create prediction equations for Hb in well-trained endurance athletes (EA), based on easily obtained measures. The population of 220 well-trained EA (40% females, maximal oxygen uptake = 63.

Whole-genome sequencing-based characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis and Kentucky isolated from laying hens in northwest of Iran, 2022-2023.

Background: The transmission of Salmonella spp. to human through the consumption of contaminated food products of animal origin, mainly poultry is a significant global public health concern. The emerging multidrug resistant (MDR) clones of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars, have spread rapidly worldwide both in humans and in the food chain.

Molecular Strain Accelerates Electron Transfer for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction.

Fe-N-C materials are emerging catalysts for replacing precious platinum in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for renewable energy conversion. However, their potential is hindered by sluggish ORR kinetics, leading to a high overpotential and impeding efficient energy conversion. Using iron phthalocyanine (FePc) as a model catalyst, we elucidate how the local strain can enhance the ORR performance of Fe-N-Cs.

Molecular Mechanism for the Unprecedented Metal-Independent Hydroxyl Radical Production from Thioureas and HO.

The most well-known hydroxyl radical (OH)-generating system is the classic iron-mediated Fenton reaction. Thiourea has been considered as an efficient OH scavenger and is frequently used to study the role of OH in various biochemical and medical research studies. Here we found that the highly reactive OH can be produced from thiourea and HO through a metal-independent pathway, as measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) secondary radical spin-trapping and fluorescent methods.

Dopamine degrades ferritin by chaperone-mediated autophagy to elevate mitochondrial iron level in astroglial cells.

Iron accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in astroglia are reported in Parkinson's disease (PD). Astroglia control iron availability in neurons in which dopamine (DA) synthesis is affected in PD. Despite their intimate relationship the role of DA in astroglial iron homeostasis is limited.

Catalytic effects of iron adatoms in poly(-phenylene) synthesis on rutile TiO(110).

-Armchair graphene nanoribbons (nAGNRs) are promising components for next-generation nanoelectronics due to their controllable band gap, which depends on their width and edge structure. Using non-metal surfaces for fabricating nAGNRs gives access to reliable information on their electronic properties. We investigated the influence of light and iron adatoms on the debromination of 4,4''-dibromo--terphenyl precursors affording poly(-phenylene) (PPP as the narrowest GNR) wires through the Ullmann coupling reaction on a rutile TiO(110) surface, which we studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy.

Cu@DPP-SPION: A Novel and Versatile Catalyst for the Synthesis of Thioxo-Tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives under Mild Reaction Conditions.

Introduction: The development of efficient and sustainable catalytic methodolo-gies has garnered considerable attention in contemporary organic synthesis.

Methods: Herein, we present a novel approach employing the Cu@DPP-SPION catalyst for the synthesis of ethyl 4-(aryl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate derivatives. This versatile catalytic system incorporates copper nanoparticles supported on 4-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)benzoic acid-functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs).

Trichoderma virens XZ11-1 producing siderophores inhibits the infection of Fusarium oxysporum and promotes plant growth in banana plants.

Background: Banana Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is a soil-borne fungal disease.

ATKB-PID: an adaptive control method for micro tension under complex hot rolling conditions.

At present, the parameters of the controllers in hot rolling roughing microtension control systems are not adaptively adjustable to variations in working conditions, which compromises both width accuracy and production stability. To address this issue, this paper introduces an ATKB-PID adaptive micro tension control method. This method incorporates a linear attention layer and utilizes a K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm to predict the optimal learning rate and inertia coefficient under actual operating conditions.

Optimizing ternary hybrid nanofluids using neural networks, gene expression programming, and multi-objective particle swarm optimization: a computational intelligence strategy.

The performance of nanofluids is largely determined by their thermophysical properties. Optimizing these properties can significantly enhance nanofluid performance. This study introduces a hybrid strategy based on computational intelligence to determine the optimal conditions for ternary hybrid nanofluids.

Mechanism and regulation of iron absorption throughout the life cycle.

Background: Iron plays a crucial role through various life stages of human. Iron homeostasis is primarily regulated by iron absorption which is mediated via divalent metal-ion transporter 1 (DMT1), and iron export protein ferroportin (FPN), as there is no active pathway for iron excretion from the body. Recent studies have shown that the magnitude of iron absorption changes through various life stages to meet changing iron requirements.

Impact of iron oxide nanoparticles on cadmium toxicity mitigation in Brassica napus.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination greatly hinders plant productivity. Nanotechnology offers a promising solution for Cd phytotoxicity. The novelty of this study lies in the limited research on the effects of nanoiron (FeONPs) in regulating Cd toxicity in oilseed crops.

Evaluation of Fenton-like reaction for sorption and degradation of kasugamycin in the presence of biochar.

Although the use of biochar as an adsorbent for the removal of various pollutants from wastewater is well established, the use of biochar/modified biochar for the scavenging of antibiotics from aqueous media in the Fenton-like system receives less attention. The highest kasugamycin (KSM) adsorption capacity (5.0 mg g) was obtained from the pristine biochar at the lowest initial pH of 3 in Fenton-like system.

Ferritin From Striped Stem Borer (Chilo suppressalis) Oral Secretion Acts as an Effector Helping to Maintain Iron Homoeostasis and Impair Defenses in Rice.

The striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis, SSB) is a highly destructive insect pest in rice (Oryza sativa). SSB oral secretions (OSs) can induce plant defense responses in rice. However, the specific effectors in SSB OSs that mediate these interactions with rice remain poorly understood.

Green hydrothermal synthesis of nickel and zinc-doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles using extracts and their biological studies.

Convectional drugs have failed to tackle the increasing public health challenge of Cancer and diabetes. Phytochemical conjugated nanoparticles are providing safer therapeutic alternatives to address this global challenge. Nanoparticles of nickel, iron and zinc are especially useful because of their magnetic properties, abilities to prevent the onset or slow the progression of these diseases.

Dual ferroptosis induction in N2-TANs and TNBC cells via FTH1 targeting: A therapeutic strategy for triple-negative breast cancer.

Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) play a critical role in the progression and prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), with N2-type TANs known for their pro-tumor characteristics. This study introduces CT-1, a derivative of cryptotanshinone that effectively suppresses TNBC growth while selectively reducing the proportion of N2-type TANs within tumor tissue. Notably, CT-1 induces simultaneous ferroptosis in both N2-type TANs and TNBC cells, a dual mechanism that enhances its therapeutic efficacy.

Linear-no-threshold concept for evaluating arsenic toxicity in rice grains.

Arsenic (As) is a potent carcinogen that enters the human food chain mainly through rice, which is one of the staple food crops worldwide. During February 2022, a market survey was conducted and 500 samples of rice grains were collected across 41 different locations in Mumbai/Navi-Mumbai. On the basis of grain As-accumulation, samples were grouped into three categories including low- (0-30 ng g DW), medium- (31-70 ng g DW) or high- (>71 ng g DW).

Nutritional assessment of adolescents: A cross-sectional study from public schools of North India.

Background: Technological advancements and globalization have shifted dietary behaviours, contributing to increased chronic disease prevalence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) like India. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable due to these changes, which can impact their lifelong health. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of adolescents in public schools in Chandigarh, India.