Effects of 24-h sleep deprivation on whole-body heat exchange in young men during exercise in the heat.

Sleep deprivation has been associated with impaired thermoregulatory function. However, whether these impairments translate to changes in whole-body heat exchange during exercise-heat stress remains unknown. Therefore, following either a night of normal sleep or 24 h of sleep deprivation, 10 young men (mean (SD): 23 (3) years) completed three 30-min bouts of semi-recumbent cycling at increasing fixed rates of metabolic heat production (150, 200, 250 W/m), each separated by a 15-min rest in dry heat (40 °C, ~ 13% relative humidity).

An exploratory survey assessing the determinants of heat stress and heat strain in the Canadian mining industry from the worker's perspective.

With mines extending deeper and rising surface temperatures, workers are exposed to hotter environments. This study aimed to characterize heat stress and strain in the Canadian mining industry and evaluate the utility of the Heat Strain Score Index (HSSI), combined with additional self-reported adverse health outcomes. An exploratory web-based survey was conducted among workers ( = 119) in the Canadian mining industry.

Design of the Multi-Bioactive Graphene-Oxide/Gelatin/Alginate Scaffolds as Dual ECM-Mimetic and Specific Wound Healing Phase-Target Therapeutic Concept for Advanced Wound Healing.

To develop and evaluate graphene oxide/gelatin/alginate scaffolds for advanced wound therapy capable of mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM) and bio-stimulating all specific phases of the wound healing process, from inflammation and proliferation to the remodeling of damaged skin tissue in three dimensions. The scaffolds were engineered as interpenetrating polymeric networks by the crosslinking reaction of gelatin in the presence of alginate and characterized by structural, morphological, mechanical, swelling properties, porosity, adhesion to the skin tissue, wettability, and in vitro simultaneous release of the active agents. Biocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated in vitro by MTT test on fibroblasts (MRC5 cells) and in vivo using assay.

Superhydrophobic Coatings Based on PMMA-Siloxane-Silica and Modified Silica Nanoparticles Deposited on AA2024-T3.

The study aimed to develop a superhydrophobic coating on the aluminium alloy 2024-T3 surface. The desired surface roughness and low surface energy were achieved with SiO nanoparticles, synthesised via the Stöber method and modified with alkyl silane (AS) or perfluoroalkyl silane (FAS). To enhance particle adhesion to the alloy substrate, nanoparticles were incorporated into a hybrid sol-gel coating composed of tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyl methacrylate, and 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane.

Mononuclear Aluminum-Fluoride Ions, AlF-Study of Plausible Frameworks of Complexes with Biomolecules and Their In Vitro Toxicity.

The importance of fluorine and aluminum in all aspects of daily life has led to an enormous increase in human exposure to these elements in their various forms. It is therefore important to understand the routes of exposure and to investigate and understand the potential toxicity. Of particular concern are aluminum-fluoride complexes (AlF), which are able to mimic the natural isostructural phosphate group and influence the activity of numerous essential phosphoryl transferases.

Twenty years of studying the origins and fate of atmospheric mercury over the Mediterranean Sea.

This study provides a review of 13 oceanographic campaigns between 2000 and 2017 to measure Hg in the Mediterranean, highlighting major findings from measurement and modelling activities during the Med-Oceanor program. The initial campaigns showed that high concentrations of RGM could be found far from industrial source regions and the observed daily variation in concentration, with peaks at midday and lower concentrations during darkness gave the first indications that photochemically mediated oxidation reactions were producing RGM in the MBL. Later atmospheric chemistry modelling studies showed the feasibility of Hg oxidation by bromine containing oxidants, which are released as a result of the acidification of sea salt aerosols in the Marine Boundary Layer (MBL).

The Role of Prenatal Exposure to Lead and Manganese in Child Cognitive Neurodevelopment at 18 Months: The Results of the Italian PHIME Cohort.

Prenatal lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn) exposure can impair neurodevelopment, targeting the central nervous system. This study investigated the effects of prenatal exposure to Pb and Mn on neurodevelopment in children at 18 months of age, using data from 607 Italian mother-child pairs enrolled in the Northern Adriatic Cohort II (NAC-II). All children born at term (≥37 weeks) were assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition.

Advancing Oxygen Evolution Catalysis with Dual-Phase Nickel Sulfide Nanostructures.

The production, conversion and storage of energy based on electrocatalysis, mainly assisted by oxygen evolution reaction (OER), plays a crucial role in alkaline water electrolyzers (AWEs) and fuel cells. Nevertheless, the insufficient availability of highly efficient catalyst materials at a reasonable cost that overcome the sluggish electrochemical kinetics of the OER is one of the significant obstacles. Herein, we report a fast and facile synthesis of vapor phase deposition of dual-phase nickel sulfide (Ni-sulfide) using low-temperature annealing in the presence of HS and demonstrated as an efficient catalyst for OER to address the issues with sluggish electrochemical kinetics.

NutriBase - management system for the integration and interoperability of food- and nutrition-related data and knowledge.

Introduction: Contemporary data and knowledge management and exploration are challenging due to regular releases, updates, and different types and formats. In the food and nutrition domain, solutions for integrating such data and knowledge with respect to the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) principles are still lacking.

Methods: To address this issue, we have developed a data and knowledge management system called NutriBase, which supports the compilation of a food composition database and its integration with evidence-based knowledge.

Application of cold atmospheric plasma for decontamination of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins: a systematic review.

Introduction: Microbial contamination remains a vital challenge across the food production chain, particularly due to mycotoxins-secondary metabolites produced by several genera of fungi such as , and . These toxins, including aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, and trichothecenes (nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, T2, HT-2). These contaminants pose severe risks to human and animal health, with their potential to produce a variety of different toxic effects.

Signs of in-vivo aging of zirconia from explanted dental implants with porous coating after several years in function.

The present study investigated the in vivo aging of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) oral implants (ZiUnite®) removed after 37 to 181 months. These implants featured a porous zirconia surface to enhance osseointegration. They were placed in prospective clinical investigations and had to be explanted due to peri‑implant bone breakdown.

Robust estimation of skin physiological parameters from hyperspectral images using Bayesian neural networks.

Significance: Machine learning models for the direct extraction of tissue parameters from hyperspectral images have been extensively researched recently, as they represent a faster alternative to the well-known iterative methods such as inverse Monte Carlo and inverse adding-doubling (IAD).

Aim: We aim to develop a Bayesian neural network model for robust prediction of physiological parameters from hyperspectral images.

Approach: We propose a two-component system for extracting physiological parameters from hyperspectral images.

Single-Larva RNA Sequencing Reveals That Red Sea Urchin Larvae Are Vulnerable to Co-Occurring Ocean Acidification and Hypoxia.

Anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions have been increasing rapidly in recent years, driving pH and oxygen levels to record low concentrations in the oceans. Eastern boundary upwelling systems such as the California Current System (CCS) experience exacerbated ocean acidification and hypoxia (OAH) due to the physical and chemical properties of the transported deeper waters. Research efforts have significantly increased in recent years to investigate the deleterious effects of climate change on marine species, but have not focused on the impacts of simultaneous OAH stressor exposure.

Nocturnal pulse oxygen saturation dynamics at simulated high altitude: Predictive value for acute mountain sickness in healthy men born pre-term.

The physiological sequelae of pre-term birth might influence the responses of this population to hypoxia. Moreover, identifying variables associated with development of acute mountain sickness (AMS) remains a key practically significant area of altitude research. We investigated the effects of pre-term birth on nocturnal oxygen saturation ( ) dynamics and assessed the predictive potential of nocturnal -related metrics for morning AMS in 12 healthy adults with gestational age < 32 weeks (pre-term) and 12 term-born control participants.

Incorporation of recombinant proteins into extracellular vesicles by Lactococcus cremoris.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer particles released by various cellular organisms that carry an array of bioactive molecules. EVs have diagnostic potential, as they play a role in intercellular interspecies communication, and could be applied in drug delivery. In contrast to mammalian cell-derived EVs, the study of EVs from bacteria, particularly Gram-positive bacteria, received less research attention.

Ab initio calculations of electric field gradients in H-bond rich molecular crystals with nearly experimental accuracy.

Ab initio calculations of electric field gradients (EFGs) in molecular crystals have advanced significantly due to the gauge including projector augmented wave (GIPAW) formalism, which accounts for the infinite periodicity in crystals. However, theoretical accuracies still lag behind experimental ones, making it challenging to distinguish experimentally distinguishable similar structures, a deficiency largely attributed to the limitation of GIPAW codes to generalized gradient approximation (GGA) density functional theory (DFT) functionals. In this study, we investigate whether hybrid DFT functionals can enhance the EFG calculation accuracy and the associated geometry optimization.

Human-in-the-loop optimization of wearable device parameters using an EMG-based objective function.

Advancements in wearable robots aim to improve user motion, motor control, and overall experience by minimizing energetic cost (EC). However, EC is challenging to measure and it is typically indirectly estimated through respiratory gas analysis. This study introduces a novel EMG-based objective function that captures individuals' natural energetic expenditure during walking.

Reliable detection of directional couplings using cross-vector measures.

Detecting directional couplings from time series is crucial in understanding complex dynamical systems. Various approaches based on reconstructed state-spaces have been developed for this purpose, including a cross-distance vector measure, which we introduced in our recent work. Here, we devise two new cross-vector measures that utilize ranks and time series estimates instead of distances.

Correction: Baláž et al. Mechanochemistry as an Alternative Method of Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Antibacterial Activity: A Comparative Study. 2021, , 1139.

In the original publication [...

Nematic liquid crystal flow driven by time-varying active surface anchoring.

We demonstrate the generation of diverse material flow regimes in nematic liquid cells as driven by time-variable active surface anchoring, including no-net flow, oscillatory flow, steady flow, and pulsating flow. Specifically, we numerically simulate a passive nematic fluid inside a cell bounded with two flat solid boundaries at which the time-dependent anchoring is applied with the dynamically variable surface anchoring easy axis. We show that different flow regimes emerge as the result of different anchoring driving directions ( co-rotating or counter-rotating) and relative phase of anchoring driving.

Associations of Essential and Non-Essential Trace Elements' Levels in the Blood, Serum, and Urine in Women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is poorly understood, with causes identified in only 25% of cases. Emerging evidence suggests links between trace elements (TEs) and POI. This study is the first to compare concentrations of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) across urine, serum, and whole blood in women with POI compared to healthy controls (HC), aiming to explore their distribution and potential associations with POI.

Towards data-driven electricity management: multi-region uniform data and knowledge graph.

Due to growing population and technological advances, global electricity consumption is increasing. Although CO emissions are projected to plateau or slightly decrease by 2025 due to the adoption of clean energy sources, they are still not decreasing enough to mitigate climate change. The residential sector makes up 25% of global electricity consumption and has potential to improve efficiency and reduce CO footprint without sacrificing comfort.

Antiferroelectric Order in Nematic Liquids: Flexoelectricity Versus Electrostatics.

The recent discovery of ferroelectric nematic liquid crystalline phases marks a major breakthrough in soft matter research. An intermediate phase, often observed between the nonpolar and the ferroelectric nematic phase, shows a distinct antiferroelectric response to electric fields. However, its structure and formation mechanisms remain debated, with flexoelectric and electrostatics effects proposed as competing mechanisms.

Role of the stratosphere in the global mercury cycle.

Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant with substantial risks to human and ecosystem health. By upward transport in tropical regions, mercury enters into the stratosphere, but the contribution of the stratosphere to global mercury dispersion and deposition remains unknown. We find that between 5 and 50% (passing through the 400-kelvin isentropic surface and tropopause, respectively) of the mercury mass deposited on Earth's surface is chemically processed in the lower stratosphere.