Androgen annihilation versus advanced androgen blockage as first line treatment for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite recent advances in the treatments of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), patients' prognosis remains suboptimal and novel treatment combinations are under scrutiny. On this matter, the recent ACIS trial tested the role of abiraterone plus apalutamide (androgen annihilation) in addition to androgen deprivation therapy, versus abiraterone plus androgen deprivation therapy. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to compare overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) among patients who received androgen annihilation versus advanced androgen blockage (abiraterone or enzalutamide), in addition to conventional androgen deprivation therapy.

A Plea for Economically Sustainable Evidence-based Guidelines.

The rising costs of cancer care with the introduction of new agents are a challenge. The impact of these costs differs among countries. We compare costs for metastatic prostate cancer, with prices normalized to international dollars, as an example that highlights the need for cost-effectiveness analyses in trials and treatment guidelines.

Efficacy and toxicity of antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of metastatic urothelial cancer: A scoping review.

Introduction: Metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC) is an aggressive disease with limited overall survival and treatment options. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) were designed with the intent to deliver potent cytotoxic drugs selectively to antigen-expressing tumor cells by linking cytotoxins to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and have emerged as new treatment options in mUC, mainly in chemotherapy (CT) and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)-exposed patients. We aimed to perform a scoping review to assess activity, efficacy, treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), and impact on quality of life of ADCs in mUC.

Cost-analysis of robot-assisted radical cystectomy in Europe: A cross-country comparison.

Background: Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) is surging worldwide. Aim of the study was to perform a multicentric cost-analysis of RARC by comparing the gross cost of the intervention across hospitals in four different European countries.

Methods: Patients who underwent RARC + ICUD were recruited from eleven European centers in four European countries (Belgium, France, Netherlands, and UK) between 2015 and 2020.

Chemotherapy and advanced androgen blockage, alone or combined, for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The current standard of care for the systemic treatment of metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) includes androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with either docetaxel or advanced androgen blockage (AAB). Recently, two studies have tested the combination of ADT, docetaxel and AAB (triplet therapy) relative to docetaxel and ADT in this setting. Herein, we aimed to compare the effect on survival outcomes of available systemic treatments for mHSPC.

Active Surveillance for Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Metaregression.

Context: Active surveillance (AS) is increasingly selected among patients with localized, intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer (PCa). However, the safety and optimal candidate selection for those with IR PCa remain uncertain.

Objective: To evaluate treatment-free survival and oncologic outcomes in patients with IR PCa managed with AS and to compare with AS outcomes in low-risk (LR) PCa patients.

Results of a worldwide survey on the currently used histopathological diagnostic criteria for invasive lobular breast cancer.

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) represents the second most common subtype of breast cancer (BC), accounting for up to 15% of all invasive BC. Loss of cell adhesion due to functional inactivation of E-cadherin is the hallmark of ILC. Although the current world health organization (WHO) classification for diagnosing ILC requires the recognition of the dispersed or linear non-cohesive growth pattern, it is not mandatory to demonstrate E-cadherin loss by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for acute myeloid leukemia in patients in first complete remission after one versus two induction courses: A study from the ALWP of the EBMT.

Background: Achieving complete remission (CR) is the main goal in AML treatment and a prerequisite for successful autologous stem cell transplantation (ACT).

Methods: Comparing results of peripheral blood ACT in patients with AML in CR1 attained following 1 versus 2 chemotherapy courses transplanted in 2000-2019.

Results: Patients 1532 (84%) with one and 293 (16%) patients with two induction chemotherapies courses (a total of 1825 patients) were included in the study.

Survival impact of histological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to number of cycles in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the impact of chemotherapy response score according to the number of cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, on disease-free survival and overall survival, in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer ineligible for primary debulking surgery.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIIC-IV epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent 3-4 or 6 cycles of a platinum and taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by complete cytoreduction surgery (CC-0) or cytoreduction to minimal residual disease (CC-1), between January 2008 and December 2015, in four institutions. Disease-free survival and overall survival were assessed according to the histological response to chemotherapy defined by the validated chemotherapy response score.

Contemporary paediatric radiation oncology.

Treatment with ionising radiation is a valuable component of treatment schedules for a many children and young people with cancer. While some form of radiotherapy has been in use for over 100 years, a series of innovations has revolutionised paediatric radiation oncology. Mostly, high-energy X-ray photons are used, but proton beam radiotherapy is increasingly offered, especially in children and young people.

Progression-free survival is an adequate endpoint for clinical trials of locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Purpose Of Review: To evaluate intermediate clinical endpoints that have been proposed as potential surrogates for overall survival amongst patients with locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Recent Findings: Several endpoints have been proposed as potential surrogates for overall survival. They are: pathologic downstaging or complete response after neoadjuvant treatments and progression-free survival in the adjuvant setting and metastatic setting.

Micro-ultrasound-guided biopsies versus systematic biopsies in the detection of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) still relies on the performance of both targeted (TB) and systematic biopsies (SB). Micro-ultrasound (mUS)-guided biopsies demonstrated a high sensitivity in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), which could be comparable to that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-TB, but their added value has not been compared to SB yet.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, based on Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, to compare mUS-guided biopsies to SB.

Multidisciplinary team referral at diagnosis for patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Background: To date, multidisciplinary team (MDT) evaluation, enrollment in trials evaluating the role of perioperative therapies and deferred active treatments represent accepted strategies for patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), which are under investigation to maximize cancer control and implement health care policies and value-based care. Here, we aimed to identify subgroups of patients with RCC who may benefit from early referral for MDT evaluation at diagnosis in light of an increased risk of recurrence relative to the risk of dying of other causes.

Methods: We relied on a prospective dataset including patients diagnosed with RCC from 1998 to 2019 and treated by means of surgery alone at a tertiary referral center.

Vasectomy and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Context: Previous reports have shown an association between vasectomy and prostate cancer (PCa). However, there exist significant discrepancies between studies and systematic reviews due to a lack of strong causal association and residual confounding factors such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening.

Objective: To assess the association between vasectomy and PCa, in both unadjusted and PSA screen-adjusted studies.

Cabozantinib-nivolumab sequence in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: The CABIR study.

Nivolumab and cabozantinib are approved agents in mRCC patients after sunitinib/pazopanib (TKI) failure. However, the optimal sequence, cabozantinib then nivolumab (CN) or nivolumab then cabozantinib (NC), is still unknown. The CABIR study aimed to identify the optimal sequence between CN and NC after frontline VEGFR-TKI.