197 results match your criteria: "Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ)[Affiliation]"

Introduction: Consolidation durvalumab post chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) has been demonstrated to improve survival in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Real-world data to assess its use and impact on patients, particularly in Quebec, remain limited.

Methods: We, therefore, aimed to assess real-world durvalumab use in inoperable stage III NSCLC in Quebec, to describe progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes as reported in the PACIFIC trial, and to evaluate safety and toxicity.

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In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017.

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Aortic root reconstruction operations have undergone substantial evolution with technical modifications, expanding indications, and the need for increasingly complex decision-making. The purpose of this state-of-the-art review is to detail our approach to contemporary aortic root reconstruction operations. First, we review the evolution of root reconstruction procedures over the years and discuss the approach to the aortic root patient for lifetime management of aneurysm and valvular disease in the modern context of management options.

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Impact of Predation by Ciliate on Conjugation in subsp. .

Antibiotics (Basel)

October 2024

Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.

Background/objectives: Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) spread is driven by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Ciliated protozoa may contribute to this process, as their predation has been shown to facilitate HGT in certain bacteria. Here, this phenomenon was further investigated using subsp.

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Objective: We performed an intention-to-treat analysis of initial cannulation strategy to assess the impact on perioperative outcomes in acute type A dissection using multicenter data.

Methods: All patients undergoing surgical repair of acute type A dissection from a multicenter national registry of 9 high-volume aortic centers were analyzed. Cannulation strategies included in the analysis were axillary, femoral, direct aortic, and innominate.

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The most common illnesses that adversely influence human health globally are gastrointestinal malignancies. The prevalence of gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) is relatively high, and the majority of patients receive ineffective care since they are discovered at an advanced stage of the disease. A major component of the human body is thought to be the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract and the genes that make up the microbiome.

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Research on airway smooth muscle has traditionally focused on its putative detrimental role in asthma, emphasizing on how its shortening narrows the airway lumen, without much consideration about its potential role in subserving the function of the entire respiratory system. New experimental evidence on mice suggests that not only the smooth muscle is required to sustain life postnatally, but its stiffening effect on the lung tissue also protects against excessive airway narrowing and, most importantly, against small airway narrowing heterogeneity and closure. These results suggest that the smooth muscle plays an vital role in the lung periphery, essentially safeguarding alveolar ventilation by preventing small airway closure.

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Specific amino acid changes correlate with pathogenic flavobacteria.

Genome

October 2024

Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.

is a genus of microorganisms living in a variety of hosts and habitats across the globe. Some species are found in fish organs, and only a few, such as and , cause severe disease and losses in fish farms. The evolution of flavobacteria that are pathogenic to fish is unknown, and the protein changes accountable for the selection of their colonization to fish have yet to be determined.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) make up 20% of lung cancers and are difficult to manage due to their aggressive nature and varied clinical features.
  • - The study measured 153 metabolites in the blood of 120 NEN patients and 71 healthy people using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, revealing 21 metabolites with significant changes related to specific NEN subtypes.
  • - Identifying these metabolomic profiles highlights alterations in key metabolic pathways and suggests that these biomarkers could improve early diagnosis and treatment strategies for lung NENs.
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Article Synopsis
  • * Waist circumference (WC) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) levels were analyzed to determine their effectiveness in identifying individuals with liver fat exceeding 5%.
  • * The results show that high WC and low IGFBP-2 are linked to a significantly higher risk of MASLD, suggesting these markers could be valuable for early detection in at-risk individuals.
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The level of airway constriction in thin slices of lung tissue is highly variable. Owing to the labor-intensive nature of these experiments, determining the number of airways to be analyzed in order to allocate a reliable value of constriction in one mouse is challenging. Herein, a new automated device for physiology and image analysis was used to facilitate high throughput screening of airway constriction in lung slices.

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The human fecal endocannabinoidome mediator profile is mainly defined by the fecal microbiota and diet.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab

August 2024

Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada.

Background: The endocannabinoid system and its extension, the endocannabinoidome (eCBome), are involved in numerous biological processes, notably energy homeostasis, across virtually all tissues. While the circulating eCBome mediator profile is associated with dietary intakes and metabolic status, an important knowledge gap resides in the identification of the precise determinants of these mediators in the gut lumen. We aimed at establishing the profile of eCBome mediators in human feces and investigating their association with circulating eCBome mediators, dietary intakes, metabolic status and gut microbiota composition.

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Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been linked to cognitive impairment and dementia, but its impact on brain cortical structures in individuals prior to or without cognitive impairment remains unclear.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of 2,331 entries investigating cerebral cortical thickness changes in T2D individuals without cognitive impairment, 55 of which met our inclusion criteria.

Results: Most studies (45/55) reported cortical brain atrophy and reduced thickness in the anterior cingulate, temporal, and frontal lobes between T2D and otherwise cognitively healthy controls.

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Purpose: Chronic bronchitis (CB), a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotype defined by persistent mucus hypersecretion and cough, is associated with poor quality of life, exacerbations, and lung function impairment. Bronchial Rheoplasty (BR) delivers non-thermal pulsed electric fields to airway epithelium and submucosa. Preliminary studies demonstrated reduced airway goblet cell hyperplasia and symptom improvement in response to BR.

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Lung Volumes in a Mouse Model of Pulmonary Allergic Inflammation.

Lung

October 2024

Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Pavillon M, Room 2687, 2725, Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.

Purpose: Air trapping, often attested in humans by elevated residual volume (RV) and ratio of RV on total lung capacity (RV/TLC), is frequently observed in asthma. Confirming these alterations in experimental asthma would be important for translational purposes. Herein, lung volumes were investigated in a mouse model of pulmonary allergic inflammation.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pulmonary rehabilitation is essential for individuals with chronic lung diseases, but access to these services is limited, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, making telerehabilitation a valuable option.
  • The study focuses on validating the 6-minute stepper test (6MST) as a home-friendly alternative to traditional exercise tests like the maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT).
  • Researchers will assess 6MST’s validity and reliability through a multinational study with 30 participants, collecting data on its correlation with CPET and 6MWT, as well as monitoring experiences during home-based testing.
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Background: A blood multimarker approach may be useful to enhance risk stratification in patients undergoing TAVI.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prognostic value of multiple blood biomarkers in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) patients.

Methods: In this prospective study, several blood biomarkers of cardiovascular function, inflammation, and renal function were measured in 362 patients who underwent TAVI.

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The human milk endocannabinoidome and neonatal growth in gestational diabetes.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)

June 2024

Centre NUTRISS - Nutrition, santé et société, INAF, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.

Objective: Endocannabinoids and their -acyl-ethanolamines (NAEs) and 2monoacyl-glycerols (2-MAGs) congeners are involved in the central and peripheral regulation of energy homeostasis, they are present in human milk and are associated with obesity. Infants exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are more likely to develop obesity. The objective of this cross-sectional study is to compare the profile of eCBome mediators in milk of women with gestational diabetes (GDM+) and without (GDM-) and to assess the association with offspring growth.

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Centroid of the bacterial growth curves: a metric to assess phage efficiency.

Commun Biol

May 2024

Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.

Phage replication can be studied using various approaches, including measuring the optical density (OD) of a bacterial culture in a liquid medium in the presence of phages. A few quantitative methods are available to measure and compare the efficiency of phages by using a single index based on the analysis of OD curves. However, these methods are not always applicable to non-canonical OD curves.

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Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may present different symptoms. The clinical importance of symptom clustering is supported by the difference in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases between hypersomnolent and non-hypersomnolent sleep apnea patients. The objective of this study was to determine if quality-of-life clusters could be identified from the Quebec Sleep Questionnaire (QSQ) in OSA patients.

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Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Epicardial injection of botulinum toxin may suppress POAF.

Objectives: This study sought to assess the safety and efficacy of AGN-151607 for the prevention of POAF after cardiac surgery.

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Airway distensibility is defined as the ease whereby airways are dilating in response to inflating lung pressure. If measured swiftly and accurately, airway distensibility would be a useful readout to parse the various elements contributing to airway wall stiffening, such as smooth muscle contraction, surface tension, and airway remodeling. The goal of the present study was to develop a method for measuring airway distensibility in mice.

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Modification of the phenyl ring B of phenyl 4-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)benzenesulfonates by pyridinyl moiety leads to novel antimitotics targeting the colchicine-binding site.

Bioorg Med Chem Lett

June 2024

Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Hôpital Saint-François d'Assise, 10 rue de l'Espinay, Québec, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada; Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. Electronic address:

A series of 8 novel pyridinyl 4-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)benzenesulfonates (PYRIB-SOs) were designed, prepared and evaluated for their mechanism of action. PYRIB-SOs were found to have antiproliferative activity in the nanomolar to submicromolar range on several breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, subsequent biofunctional assays indicated that the most potent PYRIB-SOs 1-3 act as antimitotics binding to the colchicine-binding site (C-BS) of α, β-tubulin and that they arrest the cell cycle progression in the G2/M phase.

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Article Synopsis
  • Ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become a widely accepted and effective treatment for managing this common heart rhythm disorder over the last 30 years.
  • Since the initial consensus document in 2007, new research and technologies have significantly changed AF ablation practices, necessitating updates in 2012 and 2017.
  • A new consensus document was recently created by various cardiac societies to provide a current framework for selecting and managing patients for catheter or surgical AF ablation, reflecting the evolving nature of the field.
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Eight pig tracheal strips were stimulated to contract with log increments of methacholine from 10 to 10 M. For each strip, the concentration-response was repeated four times in a randomized order to measure isometric force, isotonic shortening against a load corresponding to either 5 or 10 % of a reference force, and average force, stiffness, elastance and resistance over one cycle while the strip length was oscillating sinusoidally by 5 % at 0.2 Hz.

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