Preclinical evaluation of CDK4 phosphorylation predicts high sensitivity of pleural mesotheliomas to CDK4/6 inhibition.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer with limited therapeutic options. We evaluated the impact of CDK4/6 inhibition by palbociclib in 28 MPM cell lines including 19 patient-derived ones, using various approaches including RNA-sequencing. Palbociclib strongly and durably inhibited the proliferation of 23 cell lines, indicating a unique sensitivity of MPM to CDK4/6 inhibition.

European Respiratory Society guideline on various aspects of quality in lung cancer care.

This European Respiratory Society guideline is dedicated to the provision of good quality recommendations in lung cancer care. All the clinical recommendations contained were based on a comprehensive systematic review and evidence syntheses based on eight PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) questions. The evidence was appraised in compliance with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach.

Photobiomodulation therapy in management of cancer therapy-induced side effects: WALT position paper 2022.

Disclaimer: This article is based on recommendations from the 12 WALT Congress, Nice, October 3-6, 2018, and a follow-up review of the existing data and the clinical observations of an international multidisciplinary panel of clinicians and researchers with expertise in the area of supportive care in cancer and/or PBM clinical application and dosimetry. This article is informational in nature. As with all clinical materials, this paper should be used with a clear understanding that continued research and practice could result in new insights and recommendations.

The conquest of lung cancer in Central Europe.

Purpose Of Review: Discussed the main approaches for lung control and point out differences among Central Europe and other countries.

Recent Findings: Three main approaches exist: smoking ban, early computed tomography screening and access to novel therapies; major differences exist between Central Europe and some other countries.

Summary: A major effort will be needed from Central Europe countries in all three approaches; it will require strong involvement from the political authorities.

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Arising in Young and Old Patients Displays Similar Molecular Features.

Pancreatic ducal adenocarcinoma is classically diagnosed in the 7th decade, but approximately 10% of patients are diagnosed under 55 years (y.o.).

Pancreatic Cancer Meets Human Microbiota: Close Encounters of the Third Kind.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal types of cancer with a dismal prognosis. The five-year survival rate has not changed significantly in over 40 years. Current first-line treatments only offer a modest increase in overall survival in unselected populations, and there is an urgent need to personalize treatment in this aggressive disease and develop new therapeutic strategies.

Supportive care for cancer patients: a survey of available settings and current practices in Belgium.

Introduction: The increasing number of cancer diagnoses and deaths underlines the importance of supportive and palliative care. It is defined as "all the care and the support necessary for patients throughout their illness."

Aim: To evaluate the current status of the supportive and palliative care organization in Belgium.

The DIAMORFOSIS (DIAgnosis and Management Of lung canceR and FibrOSIS) survey: international survey and call for consensus.

Background: Currently there is major lack of agreement on the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and lung cancer. Our aim was to identify variations in diagnostic and management strategies across different institutions and provide rationale for a consensus statement on this issue.

Methods: This was a joint-survey by European Respiratory Society (ERS) Assemblies 8, 11 and 12.

Use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factors in older patients: a review of recently published data.

Purpose Of Review: This review presents the analysis of recently published studies about the benefit from granulocyte-colony stimulating factors (G-CSF) in older cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Recent Findings: During the last years, no major study aiming to confirm the clinical benefit of G-CSF prophylaxis in older patients treated with chemotherapy has been published. Nonetheless, all the data made recently available confirm that age, especially if other comorbid conditions are present as well, is a major risk factor for febrile neutropenia occurrence and that G-CSF prophylaxis can reduce significantly that risk.

Use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation (PBM) for the management of the hand-foot syndrome (HSF) or palmo-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPED) associated with cancer therapy.

The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether photobiomodulation (PBM) might be effective for chemotherapy-induced palmo-plantar erythrodyesthesia (PPED), as it is for mucositis or radio dermatitis; no standard therapy exists for PPED. Patients were allocated to PBM or sham irradiation and were blindly assessed after 2 weeks. Pain and satisfaction with treatment were also evaluated.

Retrospective evaluation of the safety of low-level laser therapy/photobiomodulation in patients with head/neck cancer.

Background: The standard therapeutic approach for locally advanced head and neck cancer is optimal use of radiation therapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy. The most common and distressing acute complication of such therapies is oral/pharyngeal mucositis that may be associated with severe morbidity and can interfere with the planned administration of therapy.

Methods: We have identified all patients diagnosed with head/neck cancer between 2005 and 2009, having received radiotherapy with or without cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

Different shades of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, different paths towards precision therapeutic applications.

Background: Different histological and molecular subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), with different molecular composition and survival statistics, have recently been recognised.

Materials And Methods: This review describes the currently available studies regarding molecular and histological subtypes in PDAC. Studies from major cohorts such as International Cancer Genome Consortium as well as smaller cohorts are reviewed.

Stratification of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas Based on Tumor and Microenvironment Features.

Background & Aims: Genomic studies have revealed subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) based on their molecular features, but different studies have reported different classification systems. It is a challenge to obtain high-quality, freshly frozen tissue for clinical analysis and determination of PDA subtypes. We aimed to redefine subtypes of PDA using a large number of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded PDA samples, which are more amenable to routine clinical evaluation.

[Impact of routine brain imaging in the initial management of lung cancer].

Introduction: Brain metastases are a common complication of bronchial carcinoma (BC). There is no consensus as to the need to undertake a systematic search for these lesions during the initial assessment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of brain imaging in the initial evaluation of patients with CB.

[Immune checkpoint inhibitors (antibodies to PD1 and PD-L1), a new therapeutic weapon against non-small cell bronchial carcinoma].

Introduction: Classical therapeutic strategy for advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, without activable oncogenic driver mutation, has been based mainly on cytotoxic chemotherapy with modest benefits in terms of increased survival.

Background: A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of the immune system led to the development of antibodies directed against immune checkpoints such as PD-L1. The first encouraging clinical data from phase I studies assessing anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies have been confirmed in randomised phase III trials.

A Phase III Randomized Study Comparing a Chemotherapy with Cisplatin and Etoposide to a Etoposide Regimen without Cisplatin for Patients with Extensive Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Introduction: In a literature meta-analysis, we showed survival benefits for regimens including cisplatin [hazard ratio (HR) 0.61; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.57-0.

Autoimmune paraneoplastic syndromes associated to lung cancer: A systematic review of the literature: Part 5: Neurological auto-antibodies, discussion, flow chart, conclusions.

The development of new immune treatment in oncology and particularly for lung cancer may induce new complications, particularly activation or reactivation of auto-immune diseases. In this context, a systematic review on the auto-immune paraneoplastic syndromes that can complicate lung cancer appears useful. This article is the last of a series of five and deals mainly with onconeural antibodies involved in neurological paraneoplastic syndromes and provides the final discussion.

Autoimmune paraneoplastic syndromes associated to lung cancer: A systematic review of the literature Part 4: Neurological paraneoplastic syndromes, involving the peripheral nervous system and the neuromuscular junction and muscles.

The development of new immune treatment in oncology and particularly for lung cancer may induce new complications, particularly activation or reactivation of auto-immune diseases. In this context, a systematic review on the auto-immune paraneoplastic syndromes that can complicate lung cancer appears useful. This article is the fourth of a series of five and deals mainly with neurological paraneoplastic syndromes involving the peripheral nervous system and the neuromuscular junction and muscles.

Supportive care for patients undergoing immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, a new class of cancer therapeutic agents, play an important role in the management of melanoma, NSCLC, and other malignancies. A workshop organized by three MASCC Study Groups: Oral Care, Skin Toxicities, and Neutropenia, Infection, and Myelosuppression during the MASCC Annual Meeting held in Adelaide, Australia on 23-25 June, 2016 focused on the new class of anti-cancer therapeutic agents. Topics in the workshop included the mechanism of action and clinical uses of immune anti-CTL4 and anti-PD1 antibodies, checkpoint inhibitor toxicities, including skin adverse events, gastrointestinal toxicities, oral complications, pulmonary toxicities, and endocrinological and immune-related infections.

Autoimmune paraneoplastic syndromes associated to lung cancer: A systematic review of the literature: Part 2: Hematologic, cutaneous and vascular syndromes.

The development of new immune treatment in oncology and particularly for lung cancer may induce new complications, particularly activation or reactivation of auto-immune diseases. In this context, a systematic review on the auto-immune paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer appears useful. This article is the second of a series of five and deals with hematologic, cutaneous and vascular syndromes.