Meals, Mealtimes and moments for learning: Assessment of quality in Early Childhood Education and Care services.

Objective: Early education and care (ECEC) is part of the everyday life of most children in developed economies presenting exceptional opportunity to support nutrition and ongoing food preferences. Yet, the degree to which such opportunity is captured in policy-driven assessment and quality ratings of ECEC services is unknown.

Design: Abductive thematic analysis was conducted, guided by key domains of knowledge in nutrition literature and examining identified themes within these domains.

Assessment of Occupational Hazards and Role of Life-Saving Gadgets Among Small-Scale Motorised Fishers on India's Southernmost Coasts.

Objective: Marine fishing ranks among the most hazardous occupations globally, with risks intensifying for small-sized vessels venturing deeper into the sea due to the scarcity of near-shore fish and high market demand. This study identifies various occupational hazards and the use of safety equipment among small-scale motorized fishers using traditional fishing methods in the southernmost coastal regions of India.

Methods: The primary data were collected from 253 artisanal small-scale motorized fishers through a multi-stage stratified random sampling method.

Clinical review and drug sensitivity test of complex isolates in non-lactating patients with severe mastitis.

Background: Previous microbiological investigations have demonstrated a significant correlation between complex (CKC) infection and mastitis. Recent studies have confirmed the existence of the CKC, with () identified as the primary infectious agent. Examining the incidence of CKC in cases of severe non-lactational mastitis, alongside the clinical characteristics of infected patients, as well as evaluating the drug sensitivity testing protocols for CKC, can provide a more robust foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of CKC infections.

Examination of endoscopic intracanal observation with an ultrafine-diameter scope.

Objectives: The endoscopic channel can be damaged by instruments during use and cleaning, leading to contamination, infection, and increased repair costs. However, few devices are available to observe the inside of the endoscopic channel. This study employed an ultrafine-diameter scope to examine damage in the endoscopic channel.

Efficacy of intermittent fasting on improving liver function in individuals with metabolic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) can be an effective dietary therapy for weight loss and improving cardiometabolic health. However, there is scant evidence regarding the role of IF on indicators of liver function, particularly in adults with metabolic disorders. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of IF on liver function in adults with metabolic disorders.

Clinical validity of fluorescence-based devices versus visual-tactile method in detection of secondary caries around resin composite restorations: diagnostic accuracy study.

Objectives: To assess the validity of light-induced and laser-induced fluorescence devices compared to the visual-tactile method for detecting secondary caries around resin composite restorations.

Materials And Methods: The study included 20 participants with 30 resin-composite restored teeth. Restorations' margins were examined using three diagnostic methods: the visual-tactile method (FDI criteria), the light-induced fluorescence camera (VistaCam iX), and the laser-induced fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent pen), and the reference was visual inspection after removal of defective restorations.

From MRIcro to MRIcron: The Evolution of Neuroimaging Visualization Tools.

Visualization software is a critical component at every stage of neuroimaging research. It enables researchers to inspect raw or processed datasets for artifacts, to identify anomalies, to verify the accuracy of automated processing, and to interpret the location of statistical results within the complex structure of the human brain. Since 2006, MRIcron has provided a free, open-source, cross-platform tool designed to meet these needs.

Simultaneously improving tabletability and solubility of diclofenac by cocrystallization with picolinamide.

Diclofenac (DIC) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor tabletability and water solubility. In the present study, a new diclofenac-picolinamide cocrystal (DIC-PIC) was prepared to simultaneously improve its tabletability and solubility. The cocrystal was characterized using multiple techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, thermal methods and spectral analyses.

Isoferulic acid facilitates effective clearance of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae through targeting capsule.

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) poses an alarming threat in clinical settings and global public health owing to its high pathogenicity, epidemic success and rapid development of drug resistance, especially the emergence of carbapenem-resistant lineages (CR-hvKP). With the decline of the "last resort" antibiotic class and the decreasing efficacy of first-line antibiotics, innovative alternative therapeutics are urgently needed. Capsule, an essential virulence determinant, is a major cause of the enhanced pathogenicity of hvKP and represents an attractive drug target to prevent the devastating clinical outcomes caused by hvKP infection.

An E-Delphi study to facilitate animal welfare assessment in Italian zoos and aquaria.

Ensuring animal welfare is a key aspect of animal management in zoological facilities and aquaria, representing a pivotal facet of their mission. Italy currently lacks a comprehensive and valuable assessment methodology for evaluating the welfare of captive animals. To address this gap, the present study aimed to identify the most important criteria that should be considered in the welfare management and assessment of animals housed in Italian zoos and aquaria.

Comparative analysis of disruptive events in robotic and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

This study compares laparoscopic (LRP) and robotic-assisted (RARP) radical prostatectomy to identify external and internal disruptive events, focusing on tasks that require heightened attention and coordination among the surgical team. Observations conducted across three hospitals in Australia and China. Data collection was rigorously ensured through the analysis of video recordings and consultations with surgeons, followed by statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.

Latent memory traces for prospective items in visual working memory.

Visual working memory (VWM) is a capacity-limited cognitive system that is utilized for enabling goal-directed actions. When sampling items for VWM storage, however, observers are often exposed to other items that are not selected for imminent action (hereafter: "prospective items"). Here, we asked whether such exposure leads to memory buildup of these prospective items, facilitating subsequent VWM encoding for imminent action.

Rapid detection of by recombinase-aided amplification combined with the CRISPR/Cas12a system.

() is one of the primary agents involved in porcine respiratory disease complex, and circulates in the swine industry worldwide. The prevention and control of is complicated. Thus, a recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay coupled with the clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas12a system was established for the detection of .

Item Classification by Difficulty Using Functional Principal Component Clustering and Neural Networks.

Maintaining consistent item difficulty across test forms is crucial for accurately and fairly classifying examinees into pass or fail categories. This article presents a practical procedure for classifying items based on difficulty levels using functional data analysis (FDA). Methodologically, we clustered item characteristic curves (ICCs) into difficulty groups by analyzing their functional principal components (FPCs) and then employed a neural network to predict difficulty for ICCs.

Inter-city movement pattern of notifiable infectious diseases in China: a social network analysis.

Background: Co-existence of efficient transportation networks and geographic imbalance of medical resources greatly facilitated inter-city migration of patients of infectious diseases in China.

Methods: To characterize the migration patterns of major notifiable infectious diseases (NIDs) during 2016-2020 in China, we collected migratory cases, who had illness onset in one city but were diagnosed and reported in another, from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System, and conducted a nationwide network analysis of migratory cases of major NIDs at the city (prefecture) level.

Findings: In total, 2,674,892 migratory cases of NIDs were reported in China during 2016-2020.

Assessment of HACCP plans and Colombian regulations in municipal cattle slaughterhouses for the assurance of standardised food safety and quality management systems.

Colombia has strengthened regulations to ensure standardized food safety and quality in bovine slaughterhouses. To this end, the Ministry of Health and Social Protection designed to empower INVIMA, as the governing and coordinating authority for the operation of the Official Meat Inspection, Surveillance and Control System. This regulation aims to evaluate the technical conditions of infrastructures, slaughter processes and quality and safety assurance systems.

Preparation of a lanthanum-modified flocculant and its removal performance towards phosphorus and fluoride in yellow phosphorus wastewater.

Polysilicate-ferric-calcium-lanthanum (PSFCL) was synthesized through a co-polymerization method in order to treat the yellow phosphorus wastewater. Its morphology, composition and functional group were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The optimization of the flocculant was also investigated, including La/Si molar ratio, pH, agitation time, dosage and sedimentation time.

Sustainable superhydrophobic lignin-based polyurethane foam: an innovative solution for oil pollutant adsorption.

Green, efficient treatment of crude oil spills and oil pollutants is a global challenge, with adsorption technology favored for its efficiency and low environmental impact. The development of an environmentally friendly adsorbent with high hydrophobicity, excellent adsorption performance, and degradability is crucial to overcoming the limitations of petroleum-based adsorbents. Here, a lignin-based polyurethane foam (LPUF) with superhydrophobic and photothermal oil-absorbing properties was fabricated by incorporating octadecyltrimethoxysilane into the foam system.

Awareness of Lung Cancer Among the Lebanese General Population: a Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Lung cancer is a significant contributor to mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the level of lung cancer awareness among the Lebanese general population.

Methods: An online-based questionnaire was completed by 410 participants all over Lebanon.

Strategies for Creating Tax-Based Sustainable Financial Resources in Iran's Health System: a Qualitative Study.

Background: Ensuring uninterrupted and free access to health services highlights the critical need for sustainable health financing. Given that tax revenues are essential for achieving universal health coverage, this study, conducted in 2024, aims to identify strategies for generating sustainable financial resources through taxation.

Methods: This qualitative study gathered data through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 10 experts.

Review of the environmental and health risks of hydraulic fracturing fluids.

The composition of hydraulic fracturing (HF) fluid poses risks to human health and the environment by impacting drinking water sources. Fracturing fluid recovery rate is highly variable, and the fact that a high percentage of the injected HF fluid is not produced back to the surface in some areas raises questions about its fate and possible migration into aquifers. In this paper, the composition of the HF fluid and related toxicity are described, along with insights about the environmental impact linked with HF fluid, synthesized spill data, main factors affecting the flow-back ratio, and induced seismicity related to HF activities.

The impact of small food workshops management regulations on aflatoxin B in home-made peanut oil and the liver function of high-consumption area residents: an interrupted time series study in Guangzhou, China.

Background: Aflatoxin B (AFB), a potent carcinogen produced by species, is a prevalent contaminant in oil crops, with prolonged exposure associated with liver damage. Home-made peanut oil (HMPO) produced by small workshops in Guangzhou is heavily contaminated with AFB. Despite the enactment of the Small Food Workshops Management Regulations (SFWMR), no quantitative assessment has been conducted regarding its impact on food contamination and public health.

Detailed characterisation of the Co-Smad protein in liver fluke .

Fasciolosis, caused by the liver flukes and , is a zoonotic parasitic disease associated with substantial economic losses in livestock. The transforming growth factor-beta signalling pathway is implicated in developmental processes and biological functions throughout the animal kingdom, including the spp. It may also mediate host-helminth interactions during infection.

Deep learning-based histopathological assessment of tubulo-interstitial injury in chronic kidney diseases.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes progressive and irreversible damage to the kidneys. Renal biopsies are essential for diagnosing the etiology and prognosis of CKD, while accurate quantification of tubulo-interstitial injuries from whole slide images (WSIs) of renal biopsy specimens is challenging with visual inspection alone.

Methods: We develop a deep learning-based method named DLRS to quantify interstitial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration as tubulo-interstitial injury scores, from WSIs of renal biopsy specimens.

The portrayal of moles in dermatology cartoons.

Media portrayals of medical disorders can influence public beliefs about those disorders. There have been no previous studies about the depiction of dermatological conditions in cartoons. The aim of this study was to describe the portrayal of skin moles in cartoons.