Screening problematic use of substances among young subjects attending an emergency department, and subsequent treatment seeking.

Introduction: Young individuals constitute a key population for the screening of problematic use of substances (PUS), but they are not likely to seek support and are hard to reach. Targeted screening programs should thus be developed in the places of care they may attend for other reasons, including emergency departments (EDs). We aimed to explore the factors associated with PUS in young people attending an ED; we measured the subsequent access to addiction care after ED screening.

[Mandatory immunizations for health students in Lyon (France), overview and evaluation].

Objectives: To establish an overview of vaccination amongst health students in Lyon 1 University and to evaluate the implementation of a new verification system of immunization obligations with an electronic vaccination card (EVC) from the “MesVaccins.net” website.

Methods: A questionnaire was sent by the Lyon 1 University Student Health Service (SHS) to the first-year health studies students over the age of 18 in Lyon in 2020-2021 who shared their EVC; exploitation of these EVCs’ data.

Diagnosis, Classification, and Assessment of the Underlying Etiology of Uveitis by Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review.

Recent years have seen the emergence and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnostic decision support systems. There are approximately 80 etiologies that can underly uveitis, some very rare, and AI may lend itself to their detection. This synthesis of the literature selected articles that focused on the use of AI in determining the diagnosis, classification, and underlying etiology of uveitis.

Hospital length of stay prediction for general surgery and total knee arthroplasty admissions: Systematic review and meta-analysis of published prediction models.

Objective: Systematic review of length of stay (LOS) prediction models to assess the study methods (including prediction variables), study quality, and performance of predictive models (using area under receiver operating curve (AUROC)) for general surgery populations and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Method: LOS prediction models published since 2010 were identified in five major research databases. The main outcomes were model performance metrics including AUROC, prediction variables, and level of validation.

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for circulatory failure in COVID-19 patients: insights from the ECMOSARS registry.

Objectives: The clinical profile and outcomes of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) who require veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) or veno-arterial-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VAV-ECMO) are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the characteristics and outcomes of these patients and to identify predictors of both favourable and unfavourable outcomes.

Methods: ECMOSARS is a multicentre, prospective, nationwide French registry enrolling patients who require veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)/VA-ECMO in the context of COVID-19 infection (652 patients at 41 centres).

Outcome of patients with cystic fibrosis colonized by Scedosporium and Lomentospora species: A longitudinal cohort study.

Scedosporium and Lomentospora species rank second among the filamentous fungi colonizing the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. These fungi could be responsible for allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) and bronchitis before lung transplantation and invasive infections after. However, their role in CF lung disease is debated.

Frequency and determinants of technical procedures in French general practice: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Technical skills have many areas of application in general practice and are a dimension of medical competence. Several studies have attempted to describe the technical procedures performed in general practice but most had limitations in the data collection process, the scope of the procedures addressed, or the healthcare actors involved. No French comparable data have been published.

Does the use of antipyretics prolong illness? A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis on the effects of antipyretics in acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections.

Objective: Fever contributes to the inflammatory response; in some infections, antipyretics could prolong the illness. The objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of antipyretic treatments on the evolution of acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections (RTI).

Method: A systematic literature review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with meta-analysis was conducted.

[Learning motivational interviewing to better support patient medication adherence].

Motivational interviewing (MI), developed in the 1980s, demonstrated efficacy in helping patients to change their health behavior, and more recently in supporting patient therapeutic adherence. However, the training in patient therapeutic adherence support is poor and unequally distributed within the initial and continuing training of health professionals. To cope, an interprofessional continuing training was designed by health professionals and researchers, aiming at acquiring fundamental knowledge in therapeutic adherence and MI skills.

[E-Satis : A new method for analysis of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs)].

Objective: Almost 80% of the patients responding to the nationwide French patient experience and satisfaction survey (e-Satis) provided free text comments. The objective of this article is to describe an innovative methodology for analysis of this qualitative data.

Methodology: This methodological approach is based on analysis of qualitative data from the comments (verbatims) of respondents to the e-Satis survey.

Early non-invasive ventilation and high-flow nasal oxygen therapy for preventing endotracheal intubation in hypoxemic blunt chest trauma patients: the OptiTHO randomized trial.

Background: The benefit-risk ratio of prophylactic non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNC-O) during the early stage of blunt chest trauma remains controversial because of limited data. The main objective of this study was to compare the rate of endotracheal intubation between two NIV strategies in high-risk blunt chest trauma patients.

Methods: The OptiTHO trial was a randomized, open-label, multicenter trial over a two-year period.

New directions in the treatment of hypoparathyroidism.

Treatment of chronic hypoparathyroidism remains a therapeutic challenge. In three quarters of cases, this endocrine disorder arises as a consequence of neck surgery, but it can also present in other disease settings, for example, in rare genetic disorders. Conventional standard of care treatment is based on oral administration of calcium and vitamin D.

Incidence of Underlying Abnormal Findings on Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Bell Palsy.

Importance: There is no consensus on the benefits of routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the facial nerve in patients with suspected idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (PFP) (ie, Bell palsy [BP]).

Objectives: To estimate the proportion of adult patients in whom MRI led to correction of an initial clinical diagnosis of BP; to determine the proportion of patients with confirmed BP who had MRI evidence of facial nerve neuritis without secondary lesions; and to identify factors associated with secondary (nonidiopathic) PFP at initial presentation and 1 month later.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective multicenter cohort study analyzed the clinical and radiological data of 120 patients initially diagnosed with suspected BP from January 1, 2018, to April 30, 2022, at the emergency department of 3 tertiary referral centers in France.

A Participatory Approach Involving Patients with Cystic Fibrosis and Healthcare Professionals for the Co-Design of an Adherence-Enhancing Intervention Toolkit.

Purpose: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited life-shortening disease involving a significant treatment burden. Few interventions have been proven effective in improving adherence, and of these fewer have been adopted for implementation. Patient participation in research is increasingly desired in developing relevant health care services.

Thromboelastometry-guided haemostatic resuscitation in severely injured patients: a propensity score-matched study.

Background: To accelerate the diagnosis and treatment of trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC), viscoelastic haemostatic assays (VHA) are increasingly used worldwide, although their value is still debated, with a recent randomised trial showing no improvement in outcome. The objective of this retrospective study was to compare 2 cohorts of injured patients in which TIC was managed with either a VHA-based algorithm or a conventional coagulation test (CCT)-based algorithm.

Methods: Data were retrieved from 2 registries and patients were included in the study if they received at least 1 unit of red blood cell in the first 24 h after admission.

Relevance and Feasibility of Group Traumatic Episode Protocol Delivered to Migrants: A Pilot Field Study.

Introduction: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are commonly observed in migrants. Although Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) can be helpful to treat these diseases, it remains difficult to propose EMDR as an individual intervention in help-seeking migrants. Group EMDR, like Group Traumatic Episode Protocol (G-TEP), which was built around the 8 phases of the original EMDR protocol, could offer an effective treatment to a large number of people.

Disrespect during childbirth and postpartum mental health: a French cohort study.

Background: While the World Health Organisation (WHO) warned about mistreatment, disrespect and/or abuse during childbirth as early as 2014. This same year a social media movement with #payetonuterus brought to light the problematic of obstetrical violence in French speaking countries, and more specifically on issues of disrespect. The experience of care is an integral part of the quality of care, and perception on inadequate support during labour and loss of control in labour are some of the most frequently reported risk factors for childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD).

Screening strategies for glucose tolerance abnormalities and diabetes in people with cystic fibrosis.

The increase in life expectancy of patients with cystic fibrosis has come with new comorbidities, particularly diabetes. The gradual development of glucose tolerance abnormalities means that 30 to 40% of adults will be diabetic. Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes is a major challenge in the care of these patients because it is a morbidity and mortality factor at all stages of the disease.

[Experiences of teleconsultation by French liberal midwives during the COVID-19 crisis].

Context: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the French government has authorized the practice of teleconsultations for midwives since March 20th. A questionnaire survey of 1491 liberal midwives reported that 88.5% of them had implemented this practice.

Minerals and Antioxidant Micronutrients Levels and Clinical Outcome in Older Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 during the First Wave of the Pandemic.

Excessive inflammatory response has been implicated in severe respiratory forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Trace elements such as zinc, selenium, and copper are known to modulate inflammation and immunity. This study aimed to assess the relationships between antioxidant vitamins and mineral trace elements levels as well as COVID-19 severity in older adults hospitalized.