Sex-specific NLRP3 activation in neutrophils promotes neutrophil recruitment and NETosis in the murine model of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

Objectives: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a life-threatening complication of systemic lupus erythematosus and small vessel vasculitis. We previously showed that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were associated with the pathogenesis of pristane-induced DAH and demonstrated that neutrophil NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome assembly participated in NET generation under sterile stimulation. We investigated whether NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in neutrophils may drive pulmonary NETosis in a mouse model of pristane-induced DAH.

HOPE Mitigates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Ex-Situ Split Grafts: A Comparative Study With Living Donation in Pediatric Liver Transplantation.

Optimizing graft preservation is key for ex-situ split grafts in pediatric liver transplantation (PSLT). Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion (HOPE) improves ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and post-operative outcomes in adult LT. This study compares the use of HOPE in ex-situ partial grafts to static cold storage ex-situ partial grafts (SCS-Split) and to the gold standard living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

Does Breast Surgery Type Alter Incidental Axillary Irradiation? A Dosimetric Analysis of the "Sentinel Envahi et Randomisation du Curage" SERC Trial.

Background: An incidental axillary dose of adjuvant radiotherapy using tangential beams is usually given after breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer. The goal of this sub-study was to evaluate this incidental dose in the setting of post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) according to two different radiotherapy techniques.

Methods: Patients participating in a randomized SERC trial who received PMRT in a single center were included.

Postoperative Outcomes of Pre-Pectoral Versus Sub-Pectoral Implant Immediate Breast Reconstruction.

Introduction: Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) techniques are rapidly evolving. We compared the results from a single-center implant IBR cohort between subpectoral and prepectoral implants with and without a mesh.

Methods: We analyzed all complications and grade 2-3 complications, the implant loss rate, the surgery time, the length of stay (LOS), patient satisfaction, the interval time to adjuvant therapy and cost, with a comparison between subpectoral and prepectoral implant IBR.

Gender Identity Orientation and Sexual Activity-A Survey among Transgender and Gender-Diverse (TGD) Individuals in Norway.

Background: The understanding and conceptualizing of gender and sexuality are continuously negotiated between individuals and cultures. Recently, new gender identity orientations have emerged, fighting pathologization and establishing new spaces and options for being sexually active gendered beings.

Objective: To investigate variations in sexual activities across different gender identity orientations.

Prostate biopsy approach and complication rates.

Prostate biopsy is the gold standard to confirm prostate cancer. In addition to standard 12-core biopsies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided prostate biopsies have recently been introduced to improve the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. The present study aimed to compare the complications after standard transrectal ultrasound-guided and standard plus targeted (MRI-guided) prostate biopsies, to study the impact of the number of biopsy cores on complication rates, and to compare complication rates after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies with those following transperineal prostate biopsies from the literature.

Patients and general practitioners agree that wearing masks during consultations complicates physician--patient relationships: An exploratory, qualitative study.

Background: The physician--patient relationship plays a critical role in the quality of primary care management. The generalised wearing of surgical masks in enclosed spaces - common during the COVID-19 pandemic -- could change the communication between patients and healthcare professionals.

Objectives: To assess how general practitioners (GPs) and patients feel about wearing masks during a consultation and its influences on physician--patient relationship.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Evolution of Clinical Practice in a French Cancer Center Over 16 Years and Pathologic Response Rates According to Tumor Subtypes and Clinical Tumor Size: Retrospective Cohort Study.

We examined characteristics trends in early breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) over a 16-year period. Our primary objective was to analyze variations in tumor stage and subtype over time. Secondary objectives included analyses of type of surgery and pathological response, from January 2005 to May 2021, 1623 patients receiving NAC were identified.

Mastectomy and Immediate Breast Reconstruction with Pre-Pectoral or Sub-Pectoral Implant: Assessing Clinical Practice, Post-Surgical Outcomes, Patient's Satisfaction and Cost.

Unlabelled: Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) rates increase during last years and implant-based reconstruction was the most commonly performed procedure. We examined data collected over 25 months to assess complication rate, duration of surgery, patient's satisfaction and cost, according to pre-pectoral or sub-pectoral implant-IBR. All patients who received an implant-IBR, from January 2020 to January 2022, were included.

Does Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Vaccination Protect against COVID-19 Outcomes: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Cross-protection from previous live attenuated vaccines is proposed to explain the low impact of COVID-19 on children. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of live attenuated MMR vaccines on the risk of being hospitalized for COVID-19 in children. An exposed (MMR vaccine)-non-exposed cohort study was conducted using the nationwide French National Health Data System (SNDS).

Fin ray branching is defined by TRAP osteolytic tubules in zebrafish.

The shaping of bone structures relies on various cell types and signaling pathways. Here, we use the zebrafish bifurcating fin rays during regeneration to investigate bone patterning. We found that the regenerating fin rays form via two mineralization fronts that undergo an osteoblast-dependent fusion/stitching until the branchpoint, and that bifurcation is not simply the splitting of one unit into two.

Ventilation Scintigraphy With Radiolabeled Carbon Nanoparticulate Aerosol (Technegas): State-of-the-Art Review and Diagnostic Applications to Pulmonary Embolism During COVID-19 Pandemic.

Invented and first approved for clinical use in Australia 36 years ago, Technegas is the technology that enabled ventilation scintigraphy with 99m Tc-labeled carbon nanoparticles ( 99m Tc-CNP). The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has considered this technology for more than 30 years but only now is getting close to approving it. Meanwhile, more than 4.

Cancer Pain Management in French-Speaking African Countries: Assessment of the Current Situation and Research Into Factors Limiting Treatment and Access to Analgesic Drugs.

Introduction: There is a dearth of research on the incidence and treatment of cancer pain in Africa. Yet Africa, with other developing countries, accounts for more than half of all cancer diagnoses, and it is estimated that cancer incidence in Africa will double by 2030.

Objectives: This research protocol outlines an approach to investigate cancer pain in French-speaking African countries.

A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model exploring the blood-milk barrier in lactating species - A case study with oxytetracycline administered to dairy cows and goats.

Antibiotic excretion into milk depends on several factors such as the compound's physicochemical properties, the animal physiology, and the milk composition. The objective of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model describing the passage of drugs into the milk of lactating species. The udder is described as a permeability limited compartment, divided into vascular, extracellular water (EW), intracellular water (IW) and milk, which was stored in alveolar and cistern compartments.

CD82 and Gangliosides Tune CD81 Membrane Behavior.

Tetraspanins are a family of transmembrane proteins that form a network of protein-protein interactions within the plasma membrane. Within this network, tetraspanin are thought to control the lateral segregation of their partners at the plasma membrane through mechanisms involving specific lipids. Here, we used a single molecule tracking approach to study the membrane behavior of tetraspanins in mammary epithelial cells and demonstrate that despite a common overall behavior, each tetraspanin (CD9, CD81 and CD82) has a specific signature in terms of dynamics.

Peritoneovenous Shunt for Intractable Ascites in Children: A Series of 4 Cases.

Intractable ascites is a rare condition in children mainly caused by cirrhosis or lymphatic disorders. Internal drainage may be considered as rescue therapy. In our department, 4 patients ages from 2 months to 15 years old underwent a peritoneovenous shunt (PVS) placement between 2010 and 2020.

Initial combination therapy of macitentan and tadalafil in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

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Occupations and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium.

Objective: To investigate the associations between head and neck cancer (HNC) risk and occupations.

Methods: We harmonized data on occupations in a pooled analysis of 8839 HNC cases and 13,730 controls in International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for associations of occupations and HNC risk.

Incomplete echocardiographic recovery at 6 months predicts long-term sequelae after intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism. A post-hoc analysis of the Pulmonary Embolism Thrombolysis (PEITHO) trial.

Introduction: Symptoms and functional limitation are frequently reported by survivors of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). However, current guidelines provide no specific recommendations on which patients should be followed after acute PE, when follow-up should be performed, and which tests it should include. Definition and classification of late PE sequelae are evolving, and their predictors remain to be determined.

Contribution of chronic conditions to disability in men and women in France.

Background: Women report more disability than men perhaps due to gender differences in the prevalence of diseases and/or in their disabling impact. We compare the contribution of chronic diseases to disability in men and women in France, using a disability survey conducted in both private households and institutions, and we also examine the effect of excluding the institutionalized population.

Methods: Data comprised 17 549 individuals age 50+, who participated in the 2008-09 French Disability Health Survey including people living in institutions.