Global burden of disease attributable to metabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39, 1990-2021.

Background: Metabolic risk factors are a significant cause of global burden among adolescents and young adults, but there is a lack of attention to the burden attributable to these metabolic risk factors globally.

Aims: This study aims to provide comprehensive estimates of five important metabolic risk factors and the attributable disease burden in people aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021, based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database.

Methods: Global total deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to describe the burden attributable to five common metabolic risk factors, including high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high body mass index (BMI), and kidney dysfunction, in adolescents and young adults.

Evaluating the effectiveness of citation count as a measure of methodological quality in esophagogastric surgery research: a comparative analysis with the MINORS score and levels of evidence.

Aim: The primary objective was to assess the relationship between the citation number and the quality of the articles, as compared with the level of evidence and the MINORS score. This study's secondary objective was to characterize the 50 most cited articles in the field of oesophagectomy research.

Background: There has been an increased need for an evaluation tool to indicate research quality.

Cytokine and Microbiome Changes in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa at Admission, Discharge, and One-Year Follow-Up.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder that predominantly affects females and typically manifests during adolescence. There is increasing evidence that serum cytokine levels are altered in individuals with AN. Previous research has largely focused on adult patients, assuming a low-grade pro-inflammatory state.

Cell senescence in liver diseases: pathological mechanism and theranostic opportunity.

The liver is not oblivious to the passage of time, as ageing is a major risk factor for the development of acute and chronic liver diseases. Ageing produces alterations in all hepatic cells, affecting their phenotype and function and worsening the prognosis of liver disease. The ageing process also implies the accumulation of a cellular state characterized by a persistent proliferation arrest and a specific secretory phenotype named cellular senescence.

The role of cAMP dependent gene transcription in lupus pathophysiology.

T lymphocytes play a major role in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. T cellular dysregulation includes significant alterations in signal transduction, cytokine production and metabolic pathways. The cAMP dependent transcription factors like CREB and CREM exert pleiotropic functions as they are critically involved in epigenetic conformational changes and gene regulation of different key effector cytokines in CD4+ T cells including that of IL2, IL17 and IL21 genes.

Dual mode of action of IP-dependent SR-Ca release on local and global SR-Ca release in ventricular cardiomyocytes.

In heart muscle, the physiological function of IP-induced Ca release (IPICR) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is still the subject of intense study. A role of IPICR may reside in modulating Ca-dependent cardiac arrhythmogenicity. Here we observe the propensity of spontaneous intracellular Ca waves (SCaW) driven by Ca-induced Ca release (CICR) in ventricular myocytes as a correlate of arrhythmogenicity on the organ level.

Amyloid Transthyretin Cardiomyopathy in Elderly Patients With Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Background The prevalence of calcific aortic stenosis and amyloid transthyretin cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) increase with age, and they often coexist. The objective was to determine the prevalence of ATTR-CM in patients with severe aortic stenosis and evaluate differences in presentations and outcomes of patients with concomitant ATTR-CM undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Methods and Results Prospective screening for ATTR-CM with Technetium-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid bone scintigraphy was performed in 315 patients referred with severe aortic stenosis between August 2019 and August 2021.

A novel soft cardiac assist device based on a dielectric elastomer augmented aorta: An in vivo study.

Although heart transplant is the preferred solution for patients suffering from heart failures, cardiac assist devices remain key substitute therapies. Among them, aortic augmentation using dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) might be an alternative technological application for the future. The electrically driven actuator does not require bulky pneumatic elements (such as conventional intra-aortic balloon pumps) and conforms tightly to the aorta thanks to the manufacturing method presented here.

Cattle-related trauma: a 10-year retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to a single tertiary trauma centre in Switzerland.

Aims Of The Study: Switzerland is traditionally an agricultural country with more than 50,000 farms and 1.5 million registered cows. However, contemporary literature on cattle-related trauma in Switzerland remain limited.

Ticagrelor Monotherapy or Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: Per-Protocol Analysis of the GLOBAL LEADERS Trial.

Background In the GLOBAL LEADERS trial, ticagrelor monotherapy beyond 1 month compared with standard antiplatelet regimens after coronary stent implantation did not improve outcomes at intention-to-treat analysis. Considerable differences in treatment adherence between the experimental and control groups may have affected the intention-to-treat results. In this reanalysis of the GLOBAL LEADERS trial, we compared the experimental and control treatment strategies in a per-protocol analysis of patients who did not deviate from the study protocol.

The Hepatic Sinusoid in Chronic Liver Disease: The Optimal Milieu for Cancer.

The liver sinusoids are a unique type of microvascular beds. The specialized phenotype of sinusoidal cells is essential for their communication, and for the function of all hepatic cell types, including hepatocytes. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) conform the inner layer of the sinusoids, which is permeable due to the fenestrae across the cytoplasm; hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) surround LSECs, regulate the vascular tone, and synthetize the extracellular matrix, and Kupffer cells (KCs) are the liver-resident macrophages.

Timing of venous thromboembolic pharmacological prophylaxis in traumatic combined subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: The combination of subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage is the most common intracranial bleeding. The present study evaluated the timing and type of venous thromboembolic chemoprophylaxis (VTEp) for efficacy and safety in patients with blunt head trauma with combined acute subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: Patients with isolated combined acute subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage were extracted from the ACS-TQIP database (2013-2017).

Transcriptomic Profiling of the Liver Sinusoidal Endothelium during Cirrhosis Reveals Stage-Specific Secretory Signature.

The poor prognosis of chronic liver disease (CLD) generates the need to investigate the evolving mechanisms of disease progression, thus disclosing therapeutic targets before development of clinical complications. Considering the central role of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) in pre-neoplastic advanced CLD, the present study aimed at investigating the progression of CLD from an endothelial holistic perspective. RNAseq defined the transcriptome of primary LSECs isolated from three pre-clinical models of advanced CLD, during the progression of the disease, and from fresh human cirrhotic tissue.

Extracellular vesicles in hepatology: Physiological role, involvement in pathogenesis, and therapeutic opportunities.

Since the first descriptions of hepatocyte-released exosome-like vesicles in 2008, the number of publications describing Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) released by liver cells in the context of hepatic physiology and pathology has grown exponentially. This growing interest highlights both the importance that cell-to-cell communication has in the organization of multicellular organisms from a physiological point of view, as well as the opportunity that these circulating organelles offer in diagnostics and therapeutics. In the present review, we summarize systematically and comprehensively the myriad of works that appeared in the last decade and lighted the discussion about the best opportunities for using EVs in liver disease therapeutics.

Reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Dutch version of the AOSpine PROST (Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma).

Purpose: To validate the Dutch version of AOSpine PROST (Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma).

Methods: Patients were recruited from two level-1 trauma centers from the Netherlands. Next to the AOSpine PROST, patients also filled out SF-36 for concurrent validity.

Novel therapeutics for portal hypertension and fibrosis in chronic liver disease.

Portal hypertension (PH) is the most common non-neoplastic complication of chronic liver disease, determining clinical complications that lead to death or liver transplantation. PH results from increased resistance to portal blood flow through the cirrhotic liver, which is due to hepatic fibrosis and microcirculatory dysfunction. The present review focuses on the pathophysiology of fibrosis and PH, describes currently used treatments, and critically discusses potential therapeutic options.

Intra-articular horizontal dislocation of the patella: a rare injury and review of the literature.

Acute traumatic intra-articular dislocation of the patella is not a common presentation in orthopaedic practice; less frequently observed than extra-articular dislocation of the patella. In some of these cases, closed reduction is not possible and an open reduction in the operating theatre must be performed. In this case report, we present an elderly patient with an intra-articular horizontal dislocation of the patella without any other bony or ligamentous lesions seen in a postreduction MRI.

Development and reliability of the AOSpine CROST (Clinician Reported Outcome Spine Trauma): a tool to evaluate and predict outcomes from clinician's perspective.

Purpose: To report on the development of AOSpine CROST (Clinician Reported Outcome Spine Trauma) and results of an initial reliability study.

Methods: The AOSpine CROST was developed using an iterative approach of multiple cycles of development, review, and revision including an expert clinician panel. Subsequently, a reliability study was performed among an expert panel who were provided with 20 spine trauma cases, administered twice with 4-week interval.

Reliability and Validity of the English Version of the AOSpine PROST (Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma).

Study Design: Multicenter validation study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the AOSpine PROST (Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma) into English, and test its psychometric properties among North-American spine trauma patients.

Summary Of Background Data: In the absence of an outcome instrument specifically designed and validated for traumatic spinal column injury patients, it is difficult to measure the effect size of various treatment options.