Plasma Concentration as a Proxy for Perilymph Drug Levels: Preclinical and Clinical Dexamethasone Measures with a Long-Acting Formulation for Precise Delivery to the Round Window Membrane.

Objective: To use animal pharmacokinetic data and FluidSIM modeling to estimate human dexamethasone perilymph concentrations from plasma concentration measurements over time following a single intratympanic administration of SPT-2101.

Study Design: Perilymph and plasma dexamethasone concentrations were measured in guinea pigs and African green monkeys over 3 to 6 weeks post-intratympanic administration of SPT-2101. Plasma concentrations of dexamethasone were measured in Ménière's disease patients post-intratympanic administration of SPT-2101.

IL-1β promotes glutamate excitotoxicity: indications for the link between inflammatory and synaptic vesicle cycle in Ménière's disease.

Ménière's disease (MD) is a complex inner ear disorder characterized by a range of symptoms, with its pathogenesis linked to immune-related mechanisms. Our previous research demonstrated that IL-1β maturation and release can trigger cell pyroptosis, exacerbating the severity of the endolymphatic hydrops in a mouse model; however, the specific mechanism through which IL-1β influences MD symptoms remains unclear. This study conducted on patients with MD examined changes in protein signatures in the vestibular end organs (VO) and endolymphatic sac (ES) using mass spectrometry.

Effect of betahistine on pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in autoimmune inner ear disease and Meniere's disease patients.

Objective: Betahistine is a partial H1 receptor agonist and a potent H3 receptor antagonist commonly used for the treatment of MD and peripheral vertigo. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of betahistine on the salt induced cytokine expression profiles of AIED and MD patients.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from 24 patients with autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) or Meniere's disease (MD) during an acute exacerbation of hearing loss.

The clinical manifestation and treatment of Meniere's Disease from the viewpoint of the water homeostasis of the inner ear.

Endolymphatic hydrops, a pathological feature of Ménière's disease, has been experimentally and clinically confirmed to be influenced by the blood circulation of vasopressin (VP). VP is a well-known hormonal regulator of water homeostasis. In addition, VP is influenced by various environmental changes, dehydration, fluctuation of atmospheric pressure, pregnancy, and other factors.

Hydrops regression after vestibular denervation - longitudinal magnetic resonance study in patients with severe Meniere's disease treated with vestibular neurectomy.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate endolymphatic hydrops in patients with severe Ménière's disease (MD) before and after vestibular neurectomy to verify if vestibular denervation results in hydrops regression.

Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging was performed after intravenous gadolinium injection in twenty patients with unilateral definite MD before and after the vestibular neurectomy. Clinical symptoms and audiovestibular tests were evaluated.

The Current State of Proteomics and Metabolomics for Inner Ear Health and Disease.

Characterising inner ear disorders represents a significant challenge due to a lack of reliable experimental procedures and identified biomarkers. It is also difficult to access the complex microenvironments of the inner ear and investigate specific pathological indicators through conventional techniques. Omics technologies have the potential to play a vital role in revolutionising the diagnosis of ear disorders by providing a comprehensive understanding of biological systems at various molecular levels.

Efficacy of 100 hz sound stimulation on saccular dysfunction in meniere's disease.

Background: Although various medical remedies have been attempted to alleviate the symptoms of Meniere's disease (MD), the risk-benefit ratios of these various treatments remain debatable.

Objective: We investigated the efficacy of sound stimulation of 100 Hz for treating vestibular dysfunction in patients with Meniere's disease (MD).

Materials And Methods: Patients with definitive MD with intractable vestibular symptoms and endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in the inner ear were evaluated.

[Psychosomatic medicine for patients with Meniere's disease].

Background: Unpredictable attacks of vertigo with or without emesis, unilateral hearing loss, and tinnitus characterize the inner ear disorder that is classified as part of Meniere's disease (MD). While the pathological final stage with cochleovestibular hydrops seems to be certain as a component of MD, there are many uncertainties with respect to the multifactorial pathogenesis. It is certain that the disease can have effects in addition to the attack, which questions the treatment of things that were previously taken for granted.

Early Experience with a Novel Treatment for Menière's Disease: A Long Acting Dexamethasone Formulation for Precise Delivery to the Round Window Membrane.

Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of precise delivery of a long-acting gel formulation containing 6% dexamethasone (SPT-2101) to the round window membrane for the treatment of Menière's disease.

Study Design: Prospective, unblinded, cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care neurotology clinic.

Sound Exposure Promotes Intratympanic Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear.

Objective: To investigate the impact of sound exposure, with the resultant windows vibration on perilymphatic concentrations following intratympanic (IT) dexamethasone and gentamicin in an animal model.

Study Design: Animal model blinded study.

Setting: Animal facility of a tertiary medical center.

Otic Capsule Dehiscences Simulating Other Inner Ear Diseases: Characterization, Clinical Profile, and Follow-Up-Is Ménière's Disease the Sole Cause of Vertigo and Fluctuating Hearing Loss?

Introduction: We present a series of six cases whose clinical presentations exhibited audiovestibular manifestations of a third mobile window mechanism, bearing a reasonable resemblance to Ménière's disease and otosclerosis. The occurrence of these cases in such a short period has prompted a review of the underlying causes of its development. Understanding the pathophysiology of third mobile window syndrome and considering these entities in the differential diagnosis of conditions presenting with vertigo and hearing loss with slight air-bone gaps is essential for comprehending this group of pathologies.

Regression of Endolymphatic Hydrops in Patient With Meniere's Disease Treated With Vestibular Neurectomy: A Case Report.

Vestibular neurectomy is an effective method eliminating vertigo attacks in patients suffering from disabling Meniere's disease with no clinical improvement despite conservative and intratympanic therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging allows in vivo evaluation of changes manifesting in the inner ear after treatment; however, downgrading of the endolymphatic hydrops after vestibular neurectomy had not been previously described in the literature. In the present article, a case of a patient with unilateral severe Meniere's disease treated with selective vestibular nerve section from middle fossa approach was described.

[Research progress in targeted delivery of inner ear using nanocarriers].

Various inner ear diseases such as sensorineural deafness and Meniere's disease bring about problems such as speech communication disorders and decreased work efficiency, which seriously affect the life quality of patients. Due to the special anatomical structure and blood-labyrinth barrier in the inner ear, the current drug administration methods are often unable to achieve satisfactory results. Nanocarriers are the forefront and hot spot of nanotechnology research.

Exploring the Significance of Vitamin D Levels as a Biomarker in Ear Diseases: A Narrative Review.

This narrative review examines the role of vitamin D as a biomarker in ear disorders, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), otitis media, bell's palsy, Meniere's disease, and hearing loss. PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were utilized to conduct a comprehensive literature search, and findings were combined from studies from 2014 to 2024. As highlighted in this review, there is a consistent association between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk and recurrence of disease especially in BPPV and otitis media.

In Silico Localization of Perilymph Proteins Enriched in Meńier̀e Disease Using Mammalian Cochlear Single-cell Transcriptomics.

Hypothesis: Proteins enriched in the perilymph proteome of Meńier̀e disease (MD) patients may identify affected cell types. Utilizing single-cell transcriptome datasets from the mammalian cochlea, we hypothesize that these enriched perilymph proteins can be localized to specific cochlear cell types.

Background: The limited understanding of human inner ear pathologies and their associated biomolecular variations hinder efforts to develop disease-specific diagnostics and therapeutics.

Preliminary Evidence for the Effects of Gentamicin on Vertical Semicircular Canals.

Introduction: Gentamicin is a vestibulotoxic antibiotic often used in patients with Ménière's disease for its vestibular ablative effects. Gentamicin's effect on the horizontal semicircular canal does not always correlate with the degree of vertigo control achieved by patients; its effect on the vertical semicircular canals remains unknown. We sought to examine the effect of intratympanic gentamicin on vertical semicircular canal function in patients with Ménière's disease using video head impulse testing.