Division of neuromuscular compartments and localization of the center of the intramuscular nerve-dense region in pelvic wall muscles based on Sihler's staining.

The innervation of the pelvic wall muscles is not very clear. This study aimed to reveal the division of neuromuscular compartments and localize the surface position and depth of the center of the intramuscular nerve-dense region (CINDR) of the pelvic wall muscles based on Sihler's staining. Twenty-four adult cadavers were used.

Piriformis Syndrome in Pre-monsoon, Monsoon, and Winter: An Observational Pilot Study.

Introduction:  Piriformis syndrome (PS) is a rare focal soft tissue rheumatic disease. Due to heavy rural work, we questioned whether PS was more prevalent in the rainy monsoon than in other seasons. In this pilot research, we studied the pattern of PS, the frequency of PS over the seasons, and whether there were typical preceding events.

Comparing radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy and corticosteroid injection in the treatment of piriformis syndrome: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: This study was designed to compare the effects of shockwave therapy and corticosteroid injection in the treatment of piriformis syndrome.

Methods And Materials: In this randomized clinical trial, thirty-five patients with piriformis syndrome were randomly divided into two groups of 18 in the shockwave group and 17 in the corticosteroid group. The Shockwave group underwent three sessions of shockwave therapy per week (2000 pulses per session with 5Hz frequency and pressure equal to 4 Bar) and the corticosteroid group underwent an injection of 40 mg methylprednisolone with 1 mL of 1% lidocaine under ultrasound guidance.

A three-headed piriformis muscle: an anatomical case study and narrative review of literature.

The piriformis muscle (PM) is found in the gluteal region, exiting the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen and dividing it into the suprapiriform and infrapiriform foramina. The piriformis works as part of the hip external rotator muscle group, and is responsible for rotation of the femur upon hip extension and abduction of the femur during flexion of the hip joint. The aim of the present report is to describe a very rare case of the primary three-headed PM.

Errate: Effectiveness of Hydro-Dissection of the Piriformis Muscle Plus Low-Dose Local Anesthetic Injection for Piriformis Syndrome: A Report of 2 Cases.

The authors have discovered an error in their figures and have provided replacement figures which have been corrected. Specifically, the positions of "Lateral" and "Medial" were reversed, and the positions of "Ischium" and "Sacrum" were reversed. Additionally, the solid lines at the boundaries of each muscle and bone have been removed, and only the nerves have been marked with dotted lines, which is a common notation in ultrasound images.

Radiological Comparison of Femoral Neck-Shaft Angle in Piriformis Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Variations in osseous, neural and muscular anatomical structures in the gluteal region have been investigated for their role in causing deep gluteal pain syndromes including piriformis syndrome. This study aimed to radiologically determine whether the femoral neck-shaft angle (NSA) in piriformis syndrome differs from that in a healthy population.

Methods: Two groups of participants comprising 23 piriformis syndrome patients and 22 healthy controls were included in the present study.

Botulinum toxin injection strategy of intractable and relapsed piriformis syndrome: A case report.

Rationale: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is neuromuscular disorder caused by sciatic nerve compression by piriformis muscle and related to sciatic-type pain. When the conservative care fails, local injection or surgery can be also performed into piriformis. In recent years, botulinum toxin (BoNT) has also been considered as a new therapeutic option of piriformis syndrome.

Visualizing Anatomic Variants of the Sciatic Nerve Using Diagnostic Ultrasound During Piriformis Muscle Injection: An Example of 4 Cases.

Objective: The aim of this article is to present examples of patients in whom piriformis muscle (PM) and sciatic nerve (SN) variations were detected by a diagnostic ultrasound (US)-guided examination and were successfully diagnosed and treated for piriformis syndrome (PS) by US-guided injections.

Clinical Features: This series includes 4 cases. In case 1, a 30-year-old woman with a 7 numeric rating scale (NRS) score for pain (on a 0-10 scale) was evaluated for complaints of left gluteal pain radiating to the thigh for 5 years and right gluteal pain for 2 years.

Lumbar disc herniation in a 15-year-old girl: A case report.

Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is uncommon in the pediatric population. The lumbar spine biodynamics and architecture change with age, with adults being more susceptible to LDH than children. When conservative treatment fails for pediatric LDH, surgery may be considered.

A Sciatic Neuralgia Case of an Entrapment Neuropathy Mimicking Piriformis Syndrome Due to Soft Tissue Hemangioma.

Background: Lumbosacral pain is commonly seen in daily clinical practice. In fact, entrapment of the part of the sciatic nerve after the sacral foramen causes some of these pains, which should not be overlooked. The sciatic nerve may be compressed during its course after the sacral foramen for a variety of reasons.

Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin, Local Anesthetics, and Corticosteroids in Patients With Piriformis Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is a painful condition caused by entrapment of the sciatic nerve within the piriformis muscle. PS is typically unilateral and mainly occurs related to entrapment of the sciatic nerve. Treatments include physiotherapy, analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, behavioral modifications, injection therapy with local anesthetics (LAs) and steroids, epidural injection, botulinum toxin (BT) injection, and surgery.

Use of botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of piriformis syndrome: A systematic review.

Objective: To determine the pain, functional and adverse outcomes of patients with piriformis syndrome who received botulinum neurotoxin injection, and to determine the optimal dosing of botulinum neurotoxin and choices of modality used during this intervention.

Literature Survey: Systematic review of relevant clinical studies published in English language using PubMed/Medline, Embase and CINAHL databases from October 1, 2002 to October 6, 2020.

Methodology: A comprehensive search was performed to identify all studies addressing the treatment of piriformis syndrome with botulinum toxin.

A case of severe sciatica caused by a lymphocele after renal transplantation.

Background: Sciatica is commonly caused by lumbar spinal disease. However, it can also be caused by tumors, infectious diseases, or muscle entrapment. We present a case of sciatica caused by a lymphocele after renal transplantation.