Flexor Pronator Slide Under Local Anesthesia without a Tourniquet for Non-Ischemic Contractures of the Forearm.

Background: The flexor pronator slide is an effective treatment option for ischemic contracture and contracture related to spastic cerebral palsy, but little is known about the use of the flexor pronator slide in other non-ischemic contractures. I propose a flexor pronator slide to simultaneously correct wrist and finger flexor contractures and preserve the muscle resting length. To avoid overcorrection of the deformity, I propose the use of a wide-awake local anesthesia with no tourniquet (WALANT) procedure, in which the patient is able to continually assist the surgeon in assessing the contracture release and improvement in finger movement.

Localisation of the centre of the highest region of muscle spindle abundance of anterior forearm muscles.

The centre of the highest region of muscle spindle abundance (CHRMSA) in the intramuscular nerve-dense region has been suggested as the optimal target location for injecting botulinum toxin A to block muscle spasms. The anterior forearm muscles have a high incidence of spasticity. However, the CHRMSA in the intramuscular nerve-dense region of the forearm anterior muscle group has not been defined.

"Safe dissection parameters of the anconeus rotational flap for soft tissue coverage at the elbow".

Background: The anconeus is a small muscle located on the posterior elbow originating on the lateral epicondyle and inserting onto the proximal-lateral ulna that functions as an elbow extensor as well as dynamic stabilizer. The blood supply is tri-fold: medial/middle collateral artery (MCA), recurrent posterior interosseous artery (RPIA), and less commonly found, the posterior branch of the radial collateral artery. The anconeus has become a popular option for local soft tissue coverage about the elbow (distal triceps, olecranon, proximal forearm).

Lacertus Syndrome: an Outcome Analysis After Lacertus Release.

Purpose: The lacertus fibrosus or bicipital aponeurosis is a sheet of ligamentous tissue just distal to the elbow joint and can be a compression point for the median nerve. Essentially, lacertus syndrome is a subset of pronator syndrome and an uncommon diagnosis by itself. Surgical release of the lacertus consists of a small 2-cm incision that can be performed under local anesthesia.

A Unique Three-Tendinous Head Reverse Palmaris Longus: A Case Report.

The Palmaris longus (PL) is a fusiform muscle that is part of the superficial flexors on the anterior compartment of the forearm. It originates from the common flexor tendon at the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts at the flexor retinaculum. The Palmaris longus has been reported to present in multiple variations.

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Epicondylitis, Elbow: Simultaneous Lateral and Medial Versus Lateral Versus Medial.

Objective: Lateral and medial epicondylitis are relatively common diseases, but they do not improve quickly and are known to reduce patients' quality of life. Much research has been done on Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) as a treatment for lateral epicondylitis, but research on medial epicondylitis is lacking. The purpose of this study is to compare: (i) the pain intensity; and (ii) the functional outcome between the simultaneous treatment of medial and lateral epicondylitis and the treatment of only lateral or medial epicondylitis using PRP.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections Decrease the Need for Any Surgical Procedure for Chronic Epicondylitis versus Conservative Treatment-A Comparative Study with Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections may alleviate symptoms of chronic medial or lateral epicondylitis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 55 patients with chronic ME or LE who had undergone at least 6 months of any conservative treatment before intervention. The patients were divided into two groups: the PRP group (n = 25), who received a single injection of autologous PRP to the medial or lateral epicondyle, and the PT group (n = 30), who continued with PT and pain medication.

Anatomic feasibility study of osteocutaneous free flap from the proximal ulna.

Objective: The present anatomic study aimed to assess the feasibility of an osteocutaneous free flap harvested from the proximal ulna for reconstruction after complex hand trauma.

Method: Nineteen upper limb specimens free of scarring in the elbow region were injected in the brachial artery. After S-shaped incision centered on the medial epicondyle, a systematic approach to the epitrochlear-olecranal groove exposed the superior ulnar collateral artery and ulnar nerve.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections as an Alternative to Surgery in Treating Patients With Medial Epicondylitis: A Systematic Review.

To synthesize the available information on the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections against surgery as therapy strategies for medial epicondylitis (ME). We searched the Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases with the relevant keywords to identify the studies comparing the efficiency of PRP injections and ME surgery. We excluded non-English articles, case reports, and conference abstracts.

[MEDIAL EPICONDYLITIS (GOLFER'S ELBOW) - CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND TREATMENT].

Medial epicondylitis, which is also called "Golfer's Elbow" is a pathology which typically presents as medial elbow pain. It affects 1% of the general population, yet affects 3.8% to 8.

Effect of Perineural Dextrose Injection on Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Study.

Objective: To compare perineural dextrose injection efficacy in the treatment of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow with a control group.

Design: Prospective double-blind randomized control study.

Setting: Training and research hospital.

Large and Intermediate Joint Injections: Olecranon Bursa, Greater Trochanteric Bursa, Medial and Lateral Epicondyle Peritendinous Injections.

Olecranon bursitis, greater trochanteric bursitis, medial epicondylosis, and lateral epicondylosis are common diagnoses encountered in primary care and sports medicine clinics. This section explores the anatomy, clinical presentation, evaluation, procedural techniques, and management to effectively treat these common conditions.

Triceps and cutaneous radial nerve branches investigated via an axillary anterior arm approach: new findings in a fresh-cadaver anatomical study.

Objective: The authors sought to describe the anatomy of the radial nerve and its branches when exposed through an axillary anterior arm approach.

Methods: Bilateral upper limbs of 10 fresh cadavers were dissected after dyed latex was injected into the axillary artery.

Results: Via the anterior arm approach, all triceps muscle heads could be dissected and individualized.

Radiologic evaluation and clinical effect of calcification in medial epicondylitis.

Background: Although most radiologic findings of medial epicondylitis (ME) are normal, up to 25% show calcification, and little is known about the clinical relevance of soft-tissue calcification in ME. The purposes of this study were to reveal the characteristics of calcification in ME and to identify their clinical relevance.

Methods: This study included 187 patients (222 elbows) with a diagnosis of ME.

Anatomical locations of the motor endplates of sartorius muscle for botulinum toxin injections in treatment of muscle spasticity.

Purpose: This study aimed to detect the idyllic locations for botulinum neurotoxin injection by analyzing the intramuscular neural distributions of the sartorius muscles.

Methods: An altered Sihler's staining was conducted on sartorius muscles (15 specimens). The nerve entry points and intramuscular arborization areas were measured as a percentage of the total distance from the most prominent point of the anterior superior iliac spine (0%) to the medial femoral epicondyle (100%).

Anatomical Landmarks for Intraoperative Adductor Canal Block in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Cadaveric Feasibility Assessment.

Background: Postoperative analgesia after knee arthroplasty forms a basis for an optimal range of motion after surgery. Femoral nerve blocks are established as a sensory nerve blockade but at the expense of quadriceps weakness delaying postoperative mobilization. The adductor canal block (ACB) similarly provides sensory blockade but preserves quadriceps function.

Novel Use of 3-Point Genicular Nerve Block for Acute Knee Pain in the Emergency Department.

Ultrasound-guided genicular nerve blocks (GNBs) in the emergency department (ED) have easily identifiable anatomic targets and offer an opportunity to provide safe, effective, motor-sparing analgesia for acute knee pain. Case Report A 68-year-old woman presented with acute, 8/10 right knee pain due to an isolated right lateral tibial plateau fracture. After informed consent and with the ultrasound in the sagittal plane, the superior lateral (SLGN), superior medial (SMGN), and inferior medial (IMGN) genicular nerves were identified at the junction of their respective femoral or tibial epicondyle and femoral or tibial epiphysis.

Anatomical variations of the superficial ulnar artery: case series observed on historical specimens prepared by Ludwik Karol Teichmann.

Background: This report presents a series of cases representing variant origin and course of the ulnar artery, namely the superficial ulnar artery (SUA), observed during the review of collection of historical specimens prepared in the 19th century by the prominent Polish anatomist Ludwik Karol Teichmann and his collaborators, exhibited in the Anatomy Museum of Jagiellonian University Medical College.

Results: Three distinct variants of the SUA were found on anatomical specimens of the upper limb with arteries injected by using Teichmann's method. In case no.

The proximal ulnar perforator flap (PUPF) for hand digital reconstruction: an anatomical study.

Degloving injuries of the fingers represent a reconstructive challenge. Even if poorly described in literature, the proximal ulnar perforator flap (PUPF), based on perforator of the anterior ulnar recurrent artery or directly on a perforator branch of the ulnar artery, meets the requested criteria for the ideal coverage. We performed a cadaveric study in order to clarify the anatomical basis and vascularization of the PUPF flap.