Point Cloud Wall Projection for Realistic Road Data Augmentation.

Several approaches have been developed to generate synthetic object points using real LiDAR point cloud data for advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) applications. The synthetic object points generated from a scene (both the near and distant objects) are essential for several ADAS tasks. However, generating points from distant objects using sparse LiDAR data with precision is still a challenging task.

Dietary Restriction and Lipid Metabolism: Unveiling Pathways to Extended Healthspan.

Dietary restriction (DR) has been reported to be a significant intervention that influences lipid metabolism and potentially modulates the aging process in a wide range of organisms. Lipid metabolism plays a pivotal role in the regulation of aging and longevity. In this review, we summarize studies on the significant role of lipid metabolism in aging in relation to DR.

Factors for Treatment Failure After Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Infection.

Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been introduced as an effective treatment option for infection (CDI). However, the risk factors associated with FMT treatment failure have not been well demonstrated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the risk factors of treatment failure or recurrence after FMT for CDI.

Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Based on Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels During First and Second Trimesters of Pregnancy in Women with Pregestational Diabetes: Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study in South Korea.

This study compared glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and assessed maternal and neonatal outcomes according to HbA1c variations among women with pregestational diabetes. This retrospective, multicenter Korean study involved mothers with diabetes who had given birth in 17 hospitals. A total of 292 women were divided into three groups based on HbA1c levels during the first and second trimesters: women with HbA1c levels maintained at <6.

Elevated IL-6 Expression in Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Regulates RANKL Mediated Inflammation in Osteoarthritis.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to play a pivotal role in modulating cartilage regeneration and immune responses, particularly in the context of diseases that involve both degenerative processes and inflammation, such as osteoarthritis (OA). However, the precise mechanism through which IL-6 and other immune-regulatory factors influence the therapeutic efficacy of autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) transplantation in OA treatment remains to be fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate the relationship between IL-6 expression in autologous ASCs isolated from OA patients and their impact on immune modulation, particularly focusing on the regulation of Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa-Β Ligand (RANKL), a key mediator of immune-driven cartilage degradation in OA.

Effects of the Interaction Between Oxidative Balance Score and Polygenic Risk Scores on Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Korean Adults.

Oxidative stress is implicated in insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndromes (MetSs). However, the interplay between oxidative stress and genetic predisposition during the development of MetS remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the interaction between oxidative balance score (OBS) and polygenic risk score (PRS) on the incidence of MetS in middle-aged Korean adults.

Convergent Evolution of Armor: Thermal Resistance in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Crustaceans.

Organisms occupy diverse ecological niches worldwide, each with characteristics finely evolved for their environments. Crustaceans residing in deep-sea hydrothermal vents, recognized as one of Earth's extreme environments, may have adapted to withstand severe conditions, including elevated temperatures and pressure. This study compares the exoskeletons of two vent crustaceans (bythograeid crab sp.

Current trends in intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring among Asia-Pacific countries: an Asia-Pacific Spine Society survey.

Study Design: A prospective web-based survey.

Purpose: Although intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is critical in spine surgery, its usage is largely based on the surgeon's discretion, and studies on its usage trends in Asia-Pacific countries are lacking. This study aimed to examine current trends in IONM usage in Asia-Pacific countries.

Aging with HIV: The Burden of Comorbidities, Polypharmacy, and Drug Interactions in Korean People Living with HIV Aged ≥50 Years.

Background: The life expectancy of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) has significantly improved with advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, aging PLWH face a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), polypharmacy, and drug-drug interactions (DDIs), which pose challenges in their management. This study investigates the prevalence of NCDs, polypharmacy, and DDIs among PLWH aged ≥50 years in Korea and their impact on quality of life (QOL).

Historical Overview of Tsutsugamushi Disease in Japan before World War II.

Tsutsugamushi disease is a febrile mite-borne disease caused by . Before 1945, this disease had been prevalent in Niigata, Akita, and Yamagata prefectures for centuries, occurring in areas along major rivers in these prefectures every summer about a month after floods. The patients affected were farmers, possibly new settlers on reclaimed lands, who contracted the disease following bites of tiny red bugs.

Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP).

Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP) is recognized as a distinct entity among various types of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIP). It is identified histologically by the nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) pattern. A diagnosis of iNSIP is feasible once secondary causes or underlying diseases are ruled out.

Translational Approach to Social Isolation During a Global Pandemic: Hippocampal Somatic Mutation and Stress.

Objective: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic's social isolation has significantly impacted mental health, increasing depression and anxiety. This study explores the effects of social isolation on both humans and mice, focusing on behavioral changes and hippocampal protein expression. It also investigates genetic alterations through single-cell RNA and whole-genome sequencing (WGS).

Study Protocol of the Korean EGFR Registry: A Multicenter Prospective and Retrospective Cohort Study in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Patients With EGFR Mutation.

Introduction: The provision of treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has increased in Korea. However, multicenter studies on the clinicopathologic dataset and treatment outcomes, using a large-scale dataset, have not been conducted. The current study is a prospective and retrospective multicenter observational cohort study that registers all stages of EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.

Association between calcium channel blocker use and the risk of interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A longitudinal cohort study.

Introduction: Ca2+ signaling in fibroblasts would be one of the important mediators of lung fibrosis. This study investigated the relationship between calcium channel blocker usage and the risk of developing interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Material And Methods: This cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Screening Cohort spanned from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2015.

Therapy-induced senescent cancer cells contribute to cancer progression by promoting ribophorin 1-dependent PD-L1 upregulation.

Conventional chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced cancer senescence, which is characterized by poor proliferation, drug resistance, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype, has gained attention as contributing to cancer relapse and the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, the association between cancer senescence and anti-tumor immunity is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that senescent cancer cells increase the level of PD-L1 by promoting its transcription and glycosylation.

Very-light-intensity exercise as minimal intensity threshold for activating dorsal hippocampal neurons: Evidence from rat physiological exercise model.

Exercise benefits the brain, particularly the learning and memory center-the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC)-and holds promise for therapeutic applications addressing age-related cognitive deficits. While moderate-to-vigorous-intensity exercise is commonly recommended for health benefits, our translational research proposes the effectiveness of very-light-intensity exercise in enhancing cognitive functions. However, the intensity-dependent characteristics of HPC activation have yet to be fully delineated; therefore, there is no evidence of whether such easily accessible exercises for people of all ages and most fitness levels can activate HPC neurons.

The effect of mechanical milling for enhanced recycling Ti6Al4V powder from machining chips.

This study investigates the optimization of mechanical milling parameters to enhance the recycling of Ti6Al4V machining chips, addressing a significant challenge in sustainable materials processing. The influence of ball-to-powder ratio (BPR) and ball size distribution on powder characteristics, including crystallite size, particle size, and phase composition, was systematically examined. Key findings include a 30% reduction in crystallite size, with the smallest crystallite size of 51.

Relative efficacy of systemic treatments for patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a network meta-analysis according to 17p deletion/TP53 mutations.

Purpose: This network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relative efficacy of systemic treatments in patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (R/R CLL), focusing on key genetic mutations, specifically the 17p deletion and TP53 mutations.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review to identify all publicly available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane database, and meeting abstracts published through December 2023. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for progression-free survival (PFS) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and to determine the ranking of the included regimens.

Seasonal effect of PM exposure in patients with COPD: a multicentre panel study.

: Exposure to particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM) is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but most studies lack individual PM measurements. Seasonal variation and their impact on clinical outcomes remain understudied.

MT-100, a human Tie2-agonistic antibody, improves penile neurovasculature in diabetic mice via the novel target Srpx2.

Diabetes is an incurable, chronic disease that can lead to many complications, including angiopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and erectile dysfunction (ED). The angiopoietin-Tie2 signaling pathway plays a critical role in blood vessel development, formation, remodeling, and peripheral nerve regeneration. Therefore, strategies for activating the Tie2 signaling pathway have been developed as potential therapies for neurovascular diseases.

Metal-free AAO membranes function as both filters and Raman enhancers for the analysis of nanoplastics.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are growing concerns for health and the environment, being widely distributed across marine, freshwater, air, and biological systems. Analyzing NPs in real environmental samples requires pretreatment, which has traditionally been complex and often leads to underestimation in actual samples, creating a gap between real-world conditions and research findings. In this study, we propose using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane as a direct Raman substrate for particles on a filter, achieving complete recovery during separation and concentration while simplifying the pretreatment stages.

Impact of Routine Follow-Ups After Curative Gastrectomy in Elderly Patients with Early Gastric Cancer.

Introduction: Elderly patients with early gastric cancer exhibit a relatively shorter life expectancy and lower recurrence risk, prompting consideration of whether the regular follow-up strategy should apply to this demographic. This study was designed to determine the effect of routine postoperative follow-up on the elderly patients, specifically those pathologically diagnosed with stage I gastric cancer.

Methods And Materials: This retrospective analysis was conducted at a single tertiary center and enrolled patients aged ≥ 75 years who underwent curative gastrectomy for stage I gastric cancer between January of 2007 and December of 2016.

Association between constipation and incident chronic kidney disease in the UK Biobank study.

Despite previous studies supporting a close relationship between constipation and chronic kidney disease (CKD), the potential impact of constipation on incident CKD and the role of laxatives remains uncertain. We analyzed longitudinal data from the UK Biobank, which links baseline assessment data with follow-up data from hospital episode statistics and general practice records. Constipation was defined with diagnostic codes or regular use of laxatives at baseline as reported in the questionnaire.