292 results match your criteria: "Infectious Esophagitis Imaging"

Background Esophageal varices (EVs) develop as a complication of chronic liver disease and, when left unaddressed, can lead to variceal hemorrhage manifesting as severe hematemesis and occasionally, melena. Due to its frequent negative associations, early diagnosis and the implementation of non-selective beta blocker primary prophylaxis are imperative. Although upper gastrointestinal endoscopy has historically been used to image and identify EVs, patients frequently find this intrusive treatment to be uncomfortable and burdensome.

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  • * Tests revealed infected fluid with multiple bacteria, leading to antibiotics being given while a recurring fluid issue was managed with a drain and fibrinolytic therapy.
  • * Eventually, he was diagnosed with an esophageal perforation linked to the mass, indicating an unusual fistula, and was treated for histoplasmosis before being discharged with a feeding tube and medication.
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A hydropneumothorax is an uncommon complication of pneumonia, particularly in pediatric patients, and typically arises secondary to conditions such as malignancies, esophageal-pleural fistula, thoracic trauma, or thoracocentesis. While pneumothorax is rarely reported in adults with COVID-19 and is even less common in children, isolated cases have been noted in those with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). A recent alert has also been issued about increased Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections in Europe.

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  • Oesophagomediastinal fistula is a rare condition that can lead to significant health issues like recurrent pneumonia and pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms (PAPs), which are serious vascular complications.
  • A 45-year-old male experienced sudden symptoms including cough, difficulty breathing, and severe hemoptysis, which required emergency interventions like bronchoscopy and embolization.
  • Treatment involved antifungal therapy and closure of the fistula, resulting in the resolution of symptoms and the need for ongoing medication to ensure recovery, underlining the critical need for quick diagnosis and aggressive management in such complex cases.
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  • - The study investigated the differences between evidence-based practices and actual practices among endoscopists diagnosing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), finding that many procedures diverged from recommended standards due to various reasons.
  • - An online survey of 819 endoscopists revealed that most preferred specific imaging techniques, with 64% using low-concentration iodine solutions, and a significant number routinely checked the oral cavity and pharynx in high-risk patients.
  • - The results indicate notable gaps in adhering to evidence-based guidelines, highlighting the need for better dissemination of these standards to improve patient care in the diagnosis of ESCC.
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Background: China is one of the countries with the largest burden of gastrointestinal and liver diseases (GILD) in the world. The GILD constitutes various causes of mortality and disability. The study aimed to investigate the trend of GILD in China using the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 (GBD 2019) data resources from 1990 to 2019.

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Infective Endocarditis in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valves: Unique Clinical and Microbiologic Features.

Heart Lung Circ

October 2024

Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • - Patients with bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) face a higher risk of infective endocarditis (IE), and this study investigates the differences in clinical features and microbiology between native valve endocarditis (NVE) in BAV patients and prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) in those who've had valve replacement.
  • - The study analyzed 161 patients with BAV and IE, finding that those with PVE tended to be older and had more underlying health issues compared to those with NVE, who had different microbial profiles and valve conditions.
  • - Key findings showed that Streptococcus mitis was the most common pathogen in NVE, while Staphylococcus aureus was prevalent in P
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Key Clinical Message: This case emphasizes the need for early recognition and accurate diagnosis of achalasia in young adults to avoid exacerbation of the condition and misdiagnosis as GERD. Patient outcomes and quality of life are greatly enhanced by suitable diagnostic techniques, appropriate therapy, interdisciplinary care, and comprehensive patient education along with frequent follow-ups.

Abstract: Achalasia results from the degeneration of inhibitory ganglion cells within the esophageal myenteric plexus and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), leading to a loss of inhibitory neurons and resulting in the absence of peristalsis with failure of LES relaxation.

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  • Patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) should be treated with non-selective beta-blockers like carvedilol to prevent liver decompensation, especially using liver stiffness (LS) measurements as a less invasive alternative to hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements.
  • A study is planned to determine if patients with compensated cirrhosis and LS≥25 kPa can benefit from carvedilol, focusing on a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 446 adults.
  • The primary outcome will be the incidence of decompensation events and liver-related deaths over three years, while secondary outcomes will include various complications of portal hypertension such as
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Background: Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEGJ) with a specific pathological profile and poor prognosis has limited therapeutic options. Previous studies have found that TILs exhibit distinct characteristics in different tumors and are correlated with tumor prognosis. We established cellular training sets to obtain auto-quantified TILs in pathological images.

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  • Pneumothorax, a serious condition that can occur as a complication of septic pulmonary embolism (SPE), involves air leaking into the pleural space and can lead to severe respiratory issues.
  • A case study of a 72-year-old man with esophageal carcinoma showed that he developed bilateral pneumothorax due to SPE from bacteremia, leading to continuous air leakage despite chest tube drainage.
  • The patient was treated with intrapleural minocycline pleurodesis to prevent recurrence after the initial drainage, which proved effective as he did not experience pneumothorax again, even though he ultimately succumbed to his cancer one month later.
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Clinical and molecular correlates of the Index of Severity for Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

J Allergy Clin Immunol

August 2024

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address:

Background: The Index of Severity for Eosinophilic Esophagitis (I-SEE) is a new expert-defined clinical tool that classifies disease severity of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).

Objective: We aimed to determine whether I-SEE is associated with patient characteristics, molecular features of EoE, or both.

Methods: We analyzed a prospective cohort of patients with EoE from the Consortium of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Researchers (CEGIR).

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Chronic stridor in a toddler after ingestion of a discharged button battery: a case report.

BMC Pediatr

April 2024

Pediatric Emergency Department, Bielefeld University, University Hospital OWL, Children's Center Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • Button battery ingestions are a rising threat in children, often leading to severe health risks if ingested, especially through charged batteries that can cause symptoms quickly; discharged batteries can complicate diagnosis due to protracted symptoms.
  • A case is presented of a 19-month-old girl with three months of respiratory and feeding issues, where initial examinations ruled out common infections and showed no signs of foreign body ingestion.
  • Further investigation via bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy revealed a button battery lodged in her esophagus, which required a complex retrieval procedure due to its position and led to subsequent complications like esophageal stenosis.
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Brain abscess is a life-threatening infection that can occur secondary to contiguous or hematogenous spread. Several underlying conditions can lead to brain abscesses, such as dental infection, otitis media, sinusitis, and immunosuppression. Esophageal perforation leading to brain abscesses is extremely rare.

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Diagnostic accuracy of magnetically guided capsule endoscopy with a detachable string for detecting oesophagogastric varices in adults with cirrhosis: prospective multicentre study.

BMJ

March 2024

Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Clinical Research Unit, National Clinical Research Centre for Digestive Diseases, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of magnetically guided capsule endoscopy with a detachable string (ds-MCE) for identifying and evaluating oesophagogastric varices in adults with cirrhosis.
  • Conducted across 14 medical centers in China, the study involved 607 participants who underwent both ds-MCE and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) to compare accuracy.
  • The results showed that ds-MCE had high sensitivity (97.5%) and specificity (97.8%) for detecting oesophagogastric varices, and it effectively identified high-risk variants with diagnostic accuracy rates exceeding 96%. *
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  • Acute pericarditis can stem from viral infections, autoimmune diseases, or radiation therapy, and can be compounded by bacterial infections, as seen in a 65-year-old man with a history of sarcoma and oesophageal issues who developed serious complications.* -
  • After being diagnosed with presumed RT-induced pericarditis, the patient experienced severe symptoms, leading to an emergency procedure that revealed polymicrobial infection in his pericardial fluid.* -
  • The case emphasizes the need to consider multiple causes for pericarditis and the challenges in treating bacterial pericarditis, especially in patients with weakened immune systems due to cancer therapies.*
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Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the 10 most common cancers worldwide and its incidence is dramatically increasing. Despite some improvements, the current surveillance protocol with white light endoscopy and random untargeted biopsies collection (Seattle protocol) fails to diagnose dysplastic and cancerous lesions in up to 50% of patients. Therefore, new endoscopic imaging technologies in combination with tumor-specific molecular probes are needed to improve early detection.

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Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis.

World J Gastroenterol

January 2024

Department of Gastroenterology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Hoshigaoka Medical Center, Hirakata 573-8511, Osaka, Japan.

Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis (EIPD) is a disease of unknown pathogenesis characterized by usually systemic, cystic dilatation of the excretory ducts of esophageal submucosal glands. In this article, I review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, endoscopic findings, esophagographic findings, and histopathology of EIPD. I also discuss the etiology and possible pathogenesis of EIPD based on my experiences with this disease and a review of the literature.

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Esophageal tuberculosis mimicking submucosal tumor: A rare case.

Int J Surg Case Rep

February 2024

Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, PR China. Electronic address:

Introduction: Esophageal tuberculosis (ET) is a rare form of infectious esophagitis. Here, we present a case of primary ET in an immunocompetent patient with dysphagia.

Case Presentation: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed a submucosal tumor (SMT)-like lesion in the distal esophagus.

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