Efficiency, cost-effectiveness and need of inversion in nutritional therapy. Importance of detecting and documenting undernutrition.

Unlabelled: Disease Related Malnutrition (DRM) is highly prevalent in Spanish hospitals. WHO estimates that 20-40% of health-associated expenses are lost due to inefficiency. Demonstration that DRM is a component of inefficiency and hiring a specialist physician for its detection and treatment is cost-effective.

Effect of Cytomegalovirus Infection on Survival of Older Kidney Transplant Patients (D+/R+): Impact of Valganciclovir Prophylaxis Versus Preemptive Therapy.

Background: Kidney transplant patients with D+/R+ serology can be treated with either prophylaxis or preemptive valganciclovir. The older transplant population suffers severe immunosenescence, especially patients with latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (R+). They are more likely to develop indirect CMV effects.

Choosing sheep (Ovis aries) as animal model for temporomandibular joint research: Morphological, histological and biomechanical characterization of the joint disc.

Preclinical trials are essential to the development of scientific technologies. Remarkable molecular and cellular research has been done using small animal models. However, significant differences exist regarding the articular behavior between these models and humans.

Octodon degus, a new model to study the agonist and plexus-induced response in the urinary bladder.

Urinary bladder function consists in the storage and controlled voiding of urine. Translational studies require animal models that match human characteristics, such as Octodon degus, a diurnal rodent. This study aims to characterize the contractility of the detrusor muscle and the morphology and code of the vesical plexus from O.

Very low level viraemia and risk of virological failure in treated HIV-1-infected patients.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate whether very low level viraemia (VLLV) (20-50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL) was associated with increased risk of virological failure (VF) as compared with persistent full suppression (< 20 copies/mL).

Methods: From the VACH Cohort database, we selected those patients who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) after January 1997 and who achieved effective viral suppression [two consecutive viral loads (VLs) < 50 copies/mL] followed by full suppression (at least one VL <20 copies/mL). We carried out survival analyses to investigate whether the occurrence of VLLV rather than maintaining full suppression at < 20 copies/mL was associated with virological failure (two consecutive VLs > 200 copies/mL or one VL > 200 copies/mL followed by a change of ART regimen, administrative censoring or loss to follow-up), adjusted for nadir CD4 cell count, sex, age, ethnicity, transmission group, type of ART and time on effective suppression at < 50 copies/mL.

Protective effect of polyphenols on presbycusis via oxidative/nitrosative stress suppression in rats.

Unlabelled: Age-related hearing loss (AHL) -presbycusis- is the number one neurodegenerative disorder and top communication deficit of our aged population. Experimental evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a central role in the aging process of cochlear cells. Dietary antioxidants, in particular polyphenols, have been found to be beneficial in protecting against the generation of ROS in various diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and aging.

Pancreatic accessory spleen. False positive with Tc-Octreotide.

The case is presented on a patient with abdominal pain and suspicion of neuroendocrine tumor in the tail of the pancreas shown in the abdominal CT and MRI. Whole-body scintigraphy and abdominal SPECT/CT with Tc-octreotide were performed that showed a nodular lesion partially on the posterior side of the pancreas tail. This nodule showed faint tracer uptake, and was reported as probable neuroendocrine tumor.

Patients with type 1 Gaucher disease in Spain: A cross-sectional evaluation of health status.

A multicentre, cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted to describe the health status of patients with type 1 Gaucher disease (GD1) in Spain. Patient data were collected retrospectively from clinical records. Therapeutic goals for seven clinical parameters were chosen as primary outcome measures.

Effects of a physical activity program on the urinary collagen crosslinks in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Background: This study analyzes the effects of physical exercise on urinary collagen crosslinks, pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxipyridinoline (DPD), in women.

Methods: Thirty premenopausal (PRE) and 40 postmenopausal (PST) women took part in a six month randomized controlled trial of moderate physical exercise. Moreover, skinfold thickness, muscle strength and flexibility were evaluated.

SIMBOSPROST: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis in prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy: A multicentre, cross-sectional study.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoporosis in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) treated with radical radiotherapy (RT) with or without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Background: Worldwide, the prevalence of MetS is estimated to range from 20% to 25% of the adult population. However, prevalence rates are much higher in PCa patients (pts) who undergo ADT.

Role of SPECT-CT in breast cancer sentinel node biopsy when internal mammary chain drainage is observed.

Introduction: SPECT-CT in the detection of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) of breast cancer offers known advantages over conventional planar lymphoscintigraphy. Sometimes, it shows atypical findings like mediastinal lymphatic drainage. We have evaluated these atypical findings showed by SPECT-CT performed in patients with migration to the internal mammary chain (IMC) and their roles in the management of the patients.

PET/CT in a Patient Diagnosed With Dandy-Walker Syndrome.

The Dandy-Walker syndrome (DWS) is a rare congenital posterior fossa malformation characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, and enlargement of the posterior fossa. We present a 52-year-old Caucasian man diagnosed with gastrointestinal stromal tumor and submitted to 18F-FDG PET/CT as a staging procedure. The patient was previously diagnosed with DWS in brain CT scan.

The transformation process for palliative care professionals: The metamorphosis, a qualitative research study.

Background: Palliative care professionals are exposed daily to high levels of suffering. This makes them particularly vulnerable to suffering from stress, which can lead to burnout and/or compassion fatigue.

Aims: To analyse the professional trajectory of palliative care workers over time and the factors which influence this trajectory.

Functional fecal retention visualized by (111)In-DTPA colon transit scintigraphy.

Constipation is an extremely common problem in children, varying from mild and short-lived to severe and chronic. Chronic constipation is a serious childhood condition and requires further investigation, including blood test, colonoscopy, radio-opaque marker study, and/or scintigraphy. We present small bowel and colon transit scintigraphy of a 14-year-old girl with history of chronic constipation, abdominal pain, weight loss, and poor response to medical treatment.

High liver FDG uptake on PET/CT in patient with lymphoma diagnosed with hereditary hemochromatosis.

Hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive disorder of iron metabolism resulting in toxic accumulation of iron in vital organs. We present a 64-year-old white man with non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant that was subsequently diagnosed with hereditary hemochromatosis. F-FDG PET/CT was performed as routine follow-up and showed a pathological finding of homogeneous increased liver glucose metabolism.

Clinical relevance of erythrocyte ferritin in microcytic anemias.

Background: Erythrocyte ferritin (EF) reflects the balance between iron supply and its utilization for hemoglobin synthesis. This balance is altered in microcytosis. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of both EF and the ratio (FRR) plasma ferritin (PF)/EF in these disorders.

Bilateral alien hand syndrome in cerebrovascular disease: CT, MR, CT angiography, and 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT findings.

We report a 65-year-old man with a right cerebral infarction that occurred 15 years ago and a residual left hemiparesis that began with progressive contralateral hemiparesis. During the hospitalization, the patient developed a bilateral alien hand syndrome. Urgent CT, MR, CT angiography, and brain perfusion SPECT were performed that revealed an old right cerebral infarction and a new ischemic lesion in left parietal lobe and adjacent brain territories.

Effectiveness of adalimumab in perianal fistulas in crohn's disease patients naive to anti-TNF therapy.

Background: Data regarding the effectiveness of adalimumab (ADA) in the treatment of perianal fistula in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) naive to antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy are scarce.

Aim: : To assess the effectiveness of ADA in the treatment of perianal fistulas in CD patients naive to anti-TNF therapy.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was designed.

Levels of immune cells in transcendental meditation practitioners.

Context: Relationships between mind and body have gradually become accepted. Yogic practices cause modulation of the immune system. Transcendental meditation (TM) is a specific form of mantra meditation.

Distinct mechanism of formation of the 48, XXYY karyotype.

Background: To expose the unusual nature of a coincident sex chromosomal aneuploidy in a patient and his father. Molecular mechanisms involved probably are based on the sperm chromosome of paternal origin, which determine the mode of formation. Conventional cytogenetics techniques and multiple Quantitative Fluorescent PCR of STR markers in sexual chromosomes in the patient and his parents.

Scintigraphy in Ochoa syndrome.

The Ochoa or urofacial syndrome is a disease characterized by non-neurogenic bladder dysfunction and unusual facial expressions when smiling or crying. It is an extremely rare disorder with over 150 cases reported in the medical literature. This condition has been determined to be inherited by an autosomal recessive pattern.

Degeneration of the brainstem.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive imaging technique for assessing brainstem involvement in neurodegenerative diseases. An MRI can assess the degree of atrophy of the brainstem and alterations in signal intensity on T2-weighted images in the affected areas, which are the main imaging findings found in these diseases. Besides, diffusion-weighted MRI and proton MR spectroscopy are tools that play an important role in the characterization of these entities.