Effectiveness of a Neurocritical Care Course with Problem-Based Learning and Discussion Format in Asia.

Numerous barriers hinder the effective delivery of neurologic care as well as the education of health care professionals in the low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study assessed the knowledge of the participants after Comprehensive Neurocritical Care Course (CN3C) in the LMICs. Data from 177 participants were collected and analyzed.

Molecular Mimicry Between Gut Microbiome and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current Concepts.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents an autoimmune condition impacted by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, with the gut microbiome (GMB) being one of the influential environmental factors. Patients with RA display notable modifications in the composition of their GMB, characterised by decreased diversity and distinct bacterial alterations. The GMB, comprising an extensive array of approximately 35,000 bacterial species residing within the gastrointestinal tract, has garnered considerable attention as a pivotal contributor to both human health and the pathogenesis of diseases.

Management of Distal Femoral Non-union: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Managing distal femur fracture nonunion is complex, with unpredictable results. The present investigation systematically updates current evidence, reviews existing modalities, innovations and related outcomes, and discusses future perspectives on the management of nonunion of the distal femur.

Methods: This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the 2020 PRISMA statement.

Erratum: Burden of disease attributable to high body mass index: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.

A comparison of TG-43 and TG-186 dose calculation algorithms for treatment planning of intra-cavitary brachytherapy using tandem and ovoid applicator.

Purpose: The present study evaluated the dosimetric impact and compared the dose variations between the advanced collapsed cone engine (Task Group 186) and Task Group 43 plans for cervical cancer using tandem and ovoid applicators.

Material And Methods: Thirty cervical cancer patients underwent iridium-192 (Ir) high-dose-rate (HDR) intra-cavitary brachytherapy using tandem and ovoid applicator. Original treatment plans for all patients were created using TG-43 dose calculation formalism.

Difference of Neck Shortening in Femoral Neck Fracture between Femoral Neck System and Multiple Cannulated Cancellous Screws: Single Center, Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Fracture union after osteosynthesis of a fracture neck femur (FNF) occurs by compression of the fracture ends and potential neck shortening. Selection of an implant for fixation of a femoral fracture of the neck can be challenging when making management decisions. Femoral neck shortening after internal fixation of FNFs using a femoral neck system (FNS) or multiple cannulated cancellous screws (MCS) was compared.

Comparison of modified tumescent and conventional laparoscopic transabdominal pre-peritoneal repair in the patients of inguinal hernia: A randomised control trial.

Introduction: Inguinal hernia surgery, a common procedure worldwide, continues to develop to achieve minimal access and tension-free repairs. However, a universally accepted technique has yet to be developed. Our study introduces a new approach, a modified tumescent transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP), to a low-cost setting.

Upregulation vs. loss of function of NTRK2 in 44 affected individuals leads to two distinct neurodevelopmental disorders.

Introduction: Heterozygous pathogenic variants in NTRK2 (HGNC: 8032) have been associated with global developmental delay. However, only scattered cases have been described in small or general studies. The aim of our work was to consolidate our understanding of NTRK2-related disorders and to delineate the clinical presentation METHODS: We report extended cohort of 44 affected individuals, of whom 19 are from the literature and 25 were previously unreported.

Does Adopting Western Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Targets Expose Indians to a Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Events? Expert Opinion From the Lipid Association of India.

Adverse cardiovascular (CV) events have declined in Western countries due at least in part to aggressive risk factor control, including dyslipidemia management. The American and European (Western) dyslipidemia treatment guidelines have contributed significantly to the reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) incidence in the respective populations. However, their direct extrapolation to Indian patients does not seem appropriate for the reasons described below.

A Comparative Analysis of Low Dose Grafalon Versus Thymoglobuline as Serotherapy in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in Pediatric and Young Adult Population.

Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) forms an essential component of conditioning in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Due to the shift of donor preference to alternate donors, reliance on rabbit-ATG (rATG) has increased. Two different forms of rATG (Thymoglobuline and Grafalon) are available for clinical use but data to support the use of one over the other is sparse.

Statin-associated muscle symptoms: A comprehensive exploration of epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and clinical management strategies.

Statins are the first line of treatment for both primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Despite the positive effects of statins on cardiovascular events, not all patients can use them at an optimized dose. The reason for this is the skeletal muscle side effects, termed statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS).

Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Total Arterial Revascularization Using the Double-Docking Technique.

Objective: The right internal mammary artery is considered to be the second choice for arterial conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, the widespread use of bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) grafting is limited owing to increased technical demands, lengthy procedure, and high incidence of sternal wound complications. We compared the early clinical outcomes of a novel robot-assisted double-docking technique (DDT) with an open sternotomy technique for total arterial revascularization using BIMA.

Heterogeneity in nomenclature and abbreviation usage for anti-synthetase syndrome: a scoping review.

Anti-synthetase syndrome constitutes a dynamically evolving subset of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy, however, the nomenclature and abbreviations for this syndrome are plagued by heterogeneity, leading to lack of consistency in literature. The objective of this study is to evaluate existing diversity in disease names and abbreviations, with a future goal to develop consensus on the nomenclature. A scoping review format was used for analysis.

Intraoperative Reverse Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in Liver Transplantation: An Anesthesiologist's Nightmare.

Background: Reverse Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is a rare variant of stress cardiomyopathy, characterized by basal akinesia with apical sparing. To our knowledge, this case is the first reported in the literature of intraoperative reverse TTC (rTTC) in liver transplantation.

Case: After a thorough workup, a 19-year-old man, diagnosed with extrahepatic biliary atresia, was taken up for living-related donor liver transplantation.

Navigating Cardiovascular Risk and Lipid Management in Indian Patients: Key Messages from the Lipid Association of India 2024 Consensus Statement IV.

Effective lipid management is crucial for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The Western lipid guidelines may not apply to Indian subjects because of the vast differences in cardiovascular (CV) disease epidemiology. To overcome this challenge, the Lipid Association of India (LAI) in 2016 proposed an ASCVD risk stratification algorithm.

Takayasu arteritis with recurrent coronary artery disease.

Takayasu arteritis is a rare type of large vessel vasculitis that commonly affects individuals of Asian descent. Coronary artery involvement is rare. We report the case of a young female with history of Takayasu arteritis who underwent stenting and reported with in-stent restenosis.

Spontaneous Hypoglycaemia due to Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome in Six Cases, Response to Steroid Therapy and Rituximab.

Introduction: Dr. Hirata of Japan first described insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) in 1970. Seven hundred ninety-five cases of this rare syndrome have been reported from Japan and China and 29 from India.