New dimensions in the field of antimalarial research against malaria resurgence.

Malaria is a life threatening disease caused by microscopic parasites called Plasmodium that are transmitted to human beings by mosquitoes. Single celled Eukaryotic plasmodium parasite is responsible to cause malaria in human beings and is transmitted by bite of Anopheles species mosquitoes. Resurgence of malaria towards the end of 20th Century is due to failure of its eradication completely.

Coverage, quality, and correlates of childhood immunization in slums under national immunization program of India: A cross-sectional study.

Adequate and quality immunization coverage plays a key role in controlling the outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases. Places where immunization coverage is low, vaccine preventable diseases contribute to worse health outcomes. This is especially true in Indian slum dwellings where 33.

Recurrence quantification analysis of a three level trophic chain model.

Recurrence plots and recurrence quantification analysis based measures - recurrence rate, determinism, divergence, entropy, laminarity and trapping time, are used to detect transitions between periodic and chaotic states and also the laminar states of the complex three species food web model with improved growth rate function and predatory ability. The study of dynamical equation of such a complex biological system with transients in terms of these measures results in localization of bifurcation behavior of the system.

Impact of biomass fuel exposure from traditional stoves on lung functions in adult women of a rural Indian village.

Introduction: Exposure to biomass fuel (BMF) from traditional cookstoves inflicts an enormous burden of morbidities in women across the developing world. This study aims to assess the lung function and its association with the indoor air pollutants generated using BMF.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study including 310 women was conducted in a rural village of India.

Different Manifestations of Rare Cases of Unruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm-Case Series and Literature Review.

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is rare, and aneurysm of the left sinus of Valsalva is extremely rare cardiovascular disease. Clinical presentation can vary from mostly asymptomatic to catastrophic life-threatening emergency. We report four extremely rare cases of SVA with different manifestations of which one case involved left aortic sinus with large unruptured aneurysm causing severe mitral regurgitation (MR) and severe aortic regurgitation (AR).

An in silico approach towards identification of novel drug targets in pathogenic species of Leptospira.

Leptospirosis is one of the leading zoonotic infections worldwide. As with other infectious diseases, report of antimicrobial resistance to existing therapeutic arsenal poses challenges in the management of disease. Hence, identification of novel drug targets for the pathogen deems essential.

Anti-Aggregation Property of Allicin by and Molecular Docking Studies.

Amyloidogenesis is the process in which amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide aggregation results in plaque formation in central nervous system (CNS) are associated with many neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. The peptide aggregation initiated from peptide monomers results in formation of dimers, tetramers, fibrils, and protofibrils. The ability of allicin, a lipid-soluble volatile organosulfur biological compound, present in freshly crushed garlic ( L.

Competitive or sequential reaction of an electrophilic terminal phosphinidene metal(0) complex with allyl halides? [2+1]-cycloaddition vs. C-X bond insertion.

The transiently generated electrophilic terminal phosphinidene complex [(CO)WPCH(SiMe)] reacted with allyl halides (X = F, Cl, Br) in toluene resulting in the formation of stable C-X insertion products 3a-c and diastereomeric phosphirane complexes 4a,a',b,b' as well as methylenephosphirane complex 5 as observed by P{H} NMR spectroscopy. DFT calculations revealed that a novel rearrangement of transient phosphirane complexes is responsible involving C → P X atom transfer.

Ecological footprint, urbanization, and energy consumption in South Africa: including the excluded.

The study explores the relationship between ecological footprint, urbanization, and energy consumption by applying the ARDL estimation technique on data spanning 1965-2014 for South Africa. After applying the unit root test that accounts for a break in the data, the Bayer and Hanck (J Time Ser Anal 34:83-95, 2013) combined cointegration test affirms cointegrating relationship among the variables. Findings further reveal that economic growth and financial development exact a deteriorating impact on the environment in the short run.

Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles using exposed X-ray sheets and forest-industrial waste biomass: Assessment of kinetic and catalytic properties for degradation of toxic dyes mixture.

Silver being the precious metal, its recovery from the waste and utilization is a worthy attempt. The present study represents a very promising sustainable approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), where prime raw materials are waste products (silver metal extracted from waste X-ray sheets and Sal deoiled seed cake (DOC), a plant-based waste as reducing-capping agent). Upon reaction of silver nitrate extracted from waste X-ray sheets and Sal DOC extract at room temperature, the characteristic yellowish-brown color appeared within 30 min.

Decrease in DNA methylation 1 interacts with chromomethylase and like heterochromatin protein 1 in Physcomitrella patens.

The nucleosome remodeling protein decrease in DNA methylation 1 (DDM1)/Lsh maintains normal levels of DNA methylation. Direct interaction between Lsh and DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) and their localization to heterochromatin in the presence of heterochromatin protein-1α (HP1α) is a mechanism by which the concentration of DNMTs is increased at heterochromatin, and chromosome structures are stabilized in metazoans. In plants, however, it is unclear how DDM1 cooperates with methyltransferases and like heterochromatin protein 1 (LHP1).

Classification of CT Scan Images of Lungs Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network with External Shape-Based Features.

In this paper, a simplified yet efficient architecture of a deep convolutional neural network is presented for lung image classification. The images used for classification are computed tomography (CT) scan images obtained from two scientifically used databases available publicly. Six external shape-based features, viz.

Simultaneous pretreatment and hydrolysis of hardwood biomass species catalyzed by combination of modified activated carbon and ionic liquid in biphasic system.

The study highlights one pot conversion of hardwood biomass into Total reducing sugars (TRS) and 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural (5-HMF). Synergistic effect of dilute HSO and ionic liquid in a reaction time of 60 min at 120 °C was examined. Hydrolysis of Catalpa (Catalpa Bignonioides), Indian Rosewood (Dalbergia Sissoo), Chinaberry (Melia Azedarach) and Babool (Acacia Nilotica) catalyzed by modified activated carbon leads to significant product yield.

Biogenic synthesis and thermo-magnetic study of highly porous carbon nanotubes.

Nanomaterials synthesis using natural sources is the technology to up come with advanced materials through extracts of plant, microorganisms, poultry waste etc. In this study, the authors report the synthesis of porous carbon nanotubes using high-temperature decomposition technique facilitated by cobalt salt using chicken fats, a poultry waste as a precursor. Since chicken fats contain fatty acids which can decompose into short hydrocarbon chains and cobalt can act as the catalyst.

Microsatellite instability in mismatch repair and tumor suppressor genes and their expression profiling provide important targets for the development of biomarkers in gastric cancer.

We evaluated microsatellite instability (MSI) in selected mismatch repair (MMR) and tumor suppressor (TS) genes with a view to exploring genetic changes associated with the occurrence of gastric cancer (GC). Moreover, expression of MSI positive genes was measured to get insights into molecular events operating in the tumor microenvironment. We anticipated discovering new molecular targets with potential as molecular biomarkers of gastric cancer.

Unraveling the role of the transcriptional regulator VirS in low pH-induced responses of and identification of VirS inhibitors.

The ability of to respond and adapt to various stresses such as oxygen/nitrogen radicals and low pH inside macrophages is critical for the persistence of this human pathogen inside its host. We have previously shown that an AraC/XylS-type transcriptional regulator, VirS, which is induced in low pH, is involved in remodeling the architecture of the bacterial cell envelope. However, how VirS influences gene expression to coordinate these pH responses remains unclear.

A comprehensive study on spatio-temporal distribution, health risk assessment and ozone formation potential of BTEX emissions in ambient air of Delhi, India.

The hazardous air pollutants like benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) are considered as toxic because of their role in ozone formation and adverse effects on human health. Owing to this, the present study was carried out at six spatially distributed sites in Delhi from November 2017- June 2018. Activated charcoal tubes were used to collect samples of BTEX and were further analyzed using GC-FID.

Variability analysis in PM2.5 monitoring.

United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) are two major air quality monitoring agencies in India that measure the concentration of particulate matter of size up to 2.5 μm (PM2.5).

Barriers and opportunities for improving childhood immunization coverage in slums: A qualitative study.

There is substantial variability in immunization coverage trends across the globe which can be attributed to a number of factors such as demographic profile, socioeconomic characteristics and political environment. Vaccine preventable diseases contribute to severe disease burden when coverage is low, particularly, in slums. Present qualitative study explored barriers, opportunities, and key facilitators of childhood immunization.

GCR1 and GPA1 coupling regulates nitrate, cell wall, immunity and light responses in Arabidopsis.

G-protein signaling components have been attributed many biological roles in plants, but the extent of involvement of G-protein coupled receptor 1 (GCR1) with the Gα (GPA1) remained unknown. To address this, we have performed transcriptomic analyses on Arabidopsis gpa1-5gcr1-5 double mutant and identified 656 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). MapMan and Gene Ontology analyses revealed global transcriptional changes associated with external stimulus, cell wall organization/biogenesis and secondary metabolite process among others.

Alleviation of hexavalent chromium by using microorganisms: insight into the strategies and complications.

Excessive industrialization and anthropogenic activities have resulted in widespread prevalence of heavy metals including hexavalent chromium in the environment. In addition to toxic properties, Cr(VI) possesses high stability and mobility, which in total makes it included in the list of priority heavy metals; thus it needs to be managed urgently. Among different methods available for remediation of Cr(VI), bioremediation is considered as one of the sustainable methods which could effectively be utilized for controlling Cr(VI) pollution.

Ce O₂Cu Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation.

Solid solutions of CuO in CeO₂ have been prepared by the solution combustion method. This method allows the Cu ions to dissolve into CeO₂ lattice instead of Ce ions. This creates charge imbalance and lattice distortion in CeO₂ because of which oxygen vacancies are produced.

Photocatalytic activity of NiZnFeO@polyaniline decorated BiOCl for azo dye degradation under visible light - integrated role and degradation kinetics interpretation.

Herein, we demonstrated the excellent improvement in photocatalytic degradation performance of BiOCl upon facile heterogeneous decoration with an integrated NiZnFeO@polyaniline nanocomposite for an organic pollutant, methyl orange dye (MO), under visible light irradiation. The physico-chemical nature of the heterogeneous nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, FTIR, HRTEM-EDX and XPS analyses. The tuning of the band gap and optical sensitivity of BiOCl using NiZnFeO@polyaniline were measured by DRS, PL and EIS techniques.

A comparative study of the proteome regulated by the Rpb4 and Rpb7 subunits of RNA polymerase II in fission yeast.

RNA polymerase II is a conserved multi-subunit enzyme made up of twelve different subunits. Two of these subunits, Rpb4 and Rpb7, have been shown to perform functions in both transcription as well as outside of transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, our knowledge about the roles of these subunits in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and higher eukaryotes is still limited.

Identification of PKD1 and PKD2 gene variants in a cohort of 125 Asian Indian patients of ADPKD.

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) accounts for 2.6% of the patients with chronic kidney disease in India. ADPKD is caused by pathogenic variants in either PKD1 or PKD2 gene.