Neuroprotective Potential of Tanshinone-IIA in Mitigating Propionic Acidinduced Experimental Autism-like Behavioral and Neurochemical Alterations: Insights into c-JNK and p38MAPK Pathways.

Introduction: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation. These factors can lead to the overactivation of c-JNK and p38MAPK.

Methods: In rats, stereotactic intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of propionic acid (PPA) results in autistic-like characteristics such as poor social interaction, repetitive behaviours, and restricted communication.

Use of Herbal Drugs in Cardiovascular Disease- A Review.

Thirty percent of deaths worldwide are caused by cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). As per the WHO data, the number of fatalities due to CVDs is 17.9 million years, and it is projected to cause 22.

Prescription Precision: A Comprehensive Review of Intelligent Prescription Systems.

Intelligent Prescription Systems (IPS) represent a promising frontier in healthcare, offering the potential to optimize medication selection, dosing, and monitoring tailored to individual patient needs. This comprehensive review explores the current landscape of IPS, encompassing various technological approaches, applications, benefits, and challenges. IPS leverages advanced computational algorithms, machine learning techniques, and big data analytics to analyze patient-specific factors, such as medical history, genetic makeup, biomarkers, and lifestyle variables.

Use of Potentially Inappropriate Medications among Older Adults with Dementia or Cognitive Impairment Attending Memory Clinics: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Older adults with dementia who are on multiple medications are more vulnerable to the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), which can significantly increase the risk of adverse events and drug-related problems. PIMs use is prevalent and varies among older adults with dementia or cognitive impairment (CI) attending memory clinics. However, the prevalence of PIMs, polypharmacy, and hyper-polypharmacy among older adults with dementia or CI who are attending memory clinics is not well understood.

Risk of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in SARS CoV-2 Patients.

Recent studies have found that a link between people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at higher risk of morbidity as well as mortality from COVID-19 infection, indicating a need for vaccination. T1DM appears to impair innate and adaptive immunity. The overabundance of pro-inflammatory cytokines produced in COVID-19 illness that is severe and potentially fatal is known as a "cytokine storm.

GABA-transaminase: A Key Player and Potential Therapeutic Target for Neurological Disorders.

Neurological disorders such as epilepsy, autism, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease alter brain functions like cognition, mood, movements, and language, severely compromising the well-being of persons, suffering from their negative effects. The neurotransmitters (GABA, glutamate, norepinephrine, dopamine) are found to be involved in neuronal signaling and neurotransmission. GABA, a "commanding neurotransmitter" is directly or indirectly associated with various neurological disorders.

Metabolomics: A Tool to Envisage Biomarkers in Clinical Interpretation of Cancer.

Background: Cancer is amongst the most dreadful ailments of modern times, and its impact continuously worsens global health systems. Early diagnosis and suitable therapeutic agents are the prime keys to managing this disease. Metabolomics deals with the complete profiling of cells and physiological phenomena in their organelles, thus helping in keen knowledge of the pathological status of the disease.

A Complete Sojourn of Gene Therapy along with its Targeting Approaches for the Treatment of the Major Depressive Disorder.

Approximately 2% to 3% of men and 6% to 7% of women suffer from severe depressive disorders. The existing drugs only partially relieve symptoms for roughly 40% of these patients. The majority of antidepressant drugs are based on theories that are now 50 to 60 years old, and the sector is in critical need of new drug development targets.

Global prevalence and effect of comorbidities and smoking status on severity and mortality of COVID-19 in association with age and gender: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

A COVID-19 patient often presents with multiple comorbidities and is associated with adverse outcomes. A comprehensive assessment of the prevalence of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 is essential. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of comorbidities, severity and mortality with regard to geographic region, age, gender and smoking status in patients with COVID-19.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical interns and postgraduate residents on American Geriatric Society updated Beers criteria.

Background: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) prevalence in older adults is increasing day by day due to lack of knowledge among medical students and professionals.

Objective: To determine the knowledge of medical students toward American Geriatric Society (AGS) Beers criteria for PIM prescribing.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a self-administered questionnaire which was validated and designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical interns and postgraduate residents on Beers criteria for PIMs in older adults.

Protease-activated receptors in kidney diseases: A comprehensive review of pathological roles, therapeutic outcomes and challenges.

Studies have demonstrated that protease-activated receptors (PARs) with four subtypes (PAR1-4) are mainly expressed in the renal epithelial, endothelial, and podocyte cells. Some endogenous and urinary proteases, namely thrombin, trypsin, urokinase, and kallikrein released during diseased conditions, are responsible for activating different subtypes of PARs. Each PAR receptor subtype is involved in kidney disease of distinct aetiology.

Prediction of Novel Fused Quinazoline Based Topoisomerase Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents.

Background: The prospective uses of tryptanthrin and its analogues in cancer chemotherapy are well known, and they are also predicated on their capacity to reverse drug resistance in cancer therapy.

Objective: The current project entails developing a novel hybrid analogue that includes modifying the tryptanthrin molecule at the C-6 carbonyl position and is expected to exhibit substantial anticancer action.

Methods: In the ATPase domain of human topoisomerase II, a series of 162 substituted Schiff base analogues of tryptanthrin were developed, and molecular docking experiments were done using Gold 5.

Efficacy and safety of saroglitazar for the management of dyslipidemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies.

Background And Objective: Saroglitazar is a newer antidiabetic agent approved to manage dyslipidemia. The objective is tevaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of saroglitazar in patients with dyslipidemia.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar from the inception until January 2022.

Pegfilgrastim-Apgf (Nyvepria): Biosimilar USFDA Approval for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-induced Febrile Neutropenia and Current Updates on Clinical Trials.

Pegfilgrastim-apgf (nyvepria) was currently approved by FDA for the treatment of febrile neutropenia associated with non-myeloid malignancies receiving myelosuppressive anticancer drugs. It was developed by Pfizer, USA. It is a PEGylated leukocyte growth-stimulating factor indicated to reduce the incidence of febrile neutropenia in patients receiving anticancer drugs.

Wnt/β-catenin antagonist pyrvinium rescues high dose isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in rats: Biochemical and immunohistological evidences.

The up-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway induces cardiac function abnormalities, hypertrophy, and fibrosis in diabetic hypertensive and pressure overload models. The present study investigates the cardioprotective effects of Wnt/β-catenin inhibition on isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardiotoxicity in rats. ISO was administered at a dose of 85 mg/kg (s.

Convolutions in the rendition of nose to brain therapeutics from bench to bedside: Feats & fallacies.

Brain, a subtle organ of multifarious nature presents plethora of physiological, metabolic and bio-chemical convolutions that impede the delivery of biomolecules and thereby resulting in truncated therapeutic outcome in pathological conditions of central nervous system (CNS). The absolute bottleneck in the therapeutic management of such devastating CNS ailments is the BBB. Another pitfall is the lack of efficient technological platforms (due to high cost and low approval rates) as well as limited clinical trials (due to failures of neuro‑leads in late-stage pipelines) for CNS disorders which has become a literal brain drain with poorest success rates compared to other therapeutic areas, owing to time consuming processes, tremendous convolutions and conceivable adverse effects.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) - A Brand Ambassador/Alarming Bell for Potentially Inappropriate Medication in Elderly Inpatients.

Background: Since the past decade, prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIM) among elderly inpatients has increased drastically. However, limited data is available on PIM indicators and PIMs use among the elderly in patients suffering from Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of PIMs in elderly hospitalized patients with CKD.

Trimetazidine an emerging paradigm in renal therapeutics: Preclinical and clinical insights.

Trimetazidine (TMZ) is a well-known anti-ischemic agent used for the treatment of angina pectoris. In the past decades, the efficacy of this drug has been tested in a wide range of kidney injuries, including drug-induced nephrotoxicity (DIN), radio-contrast agent-induced nephropathy, and surgically induced renal ischemic injury. TMZhas renoprotective effects by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine release, maintaining oxygen and energy balance.

Prevalence and predictors of Potentially Inappropriate Psychotropic Medication in older adults with psychiatric illness.

Background: There is limited information available on the use of Potentially Inappropriate Psychotropic (PIP) medication in older adults having a psychiatric illness.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of and predictors of prescribing PIP medications in older adults with psychiatric illness.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital on 456 patients of either sex, with a median age of 65 years attending the psychiatry outpatient department.

Knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 studies from 2010-2020.

Several studies assessed the level of knowledge and general public behavior on human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in India. However, comprehensive scrutiny of literature is essential for any decision-making process. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the level of knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS in India.

Pattern, severity, and outcome of adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care hospital: an evidence from a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Study aim to describe the spontaneous reporting of the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among the patients admitted to medicine department of a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of four months at the medicine department. On the daily basis, all the patients aged >18 years admitted to the internal medicine department were followed and analyzed for occurrence of ADRs.

Prevalence of Polypharmacy, Hyperpolypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Older people often receive multiple medications for chronic conditions, which often result in polypharmacy (concomitant use of 5‒9 medicines) and hyperpolypharmacy (concomitant use of ≥10 medicines). A limited number of studies have been performed to evaluate the prevalence of polypharmacy, hyperpolypharmacy, and potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in older people of developing countries. The present study aimed to investigate regional variations in the prevalence of polypharmacy, hyperpolypharmacy, and PIM use in older people (60 + years) in India.