Activity of Platinum Chemotherapy in Men With Prostate Cancer With and Without DNA Damage Repair Mutations.

Introduction: Alterations in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes occur in 20%-30% of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) which may increase sensitivity to platinum chemotherapy. Specifically, exceptional responses to platinum chemotherapy have been reported among patients with BRCA mutations. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of platinum chemotherapy in patients with mCRPC with and without HRR.

More than skin deep: Embracing the role of estheticians for health promotion and community collaboration.

Introduction: Pubic hair removal (PHR) is a common practice, and many seek PHR from a skincare professional, or esthetician. Estheticians occupy a unique role in which they often have deep, trusting relationships and well-established rapport with their clientele, whereby they could serve as trusted providers of skin and beauty expertise, but also health promotion partners/facilitators. The purpose of this study is to explore the frequency of esthetician involvement regarding 7 potentially concerning health-related symptoms on their clients' skin and examine estheticians' comfort engaging in discussions about health, knowledge regarding these health issues, and interest in being more formally involved in their clients' health.

Correlates of Perceived Illness Severity and Terminality in Advanced Lung and Prostate Cancer.

Context: While prognostic awareness has been commonly assessed as perceived illness terminality in patients with advanced cancer, both perceptions of illness severity and terminality may be correlated with symptom burden and quality of life.

Objectives: The present study examined physical and psychological symptoms, quality of life, and smoking status in relation to perceived illness severity and terminality in patients with advanced, inoperable lung and prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients (N=198) were recruited from hospitals in the midwestern U.

Ref-1 is overexpressed in neovascular eye disease and targetable with a novel inhibitor.

Reduction-oxidation factor-1 or apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (Ref-1/APE1) is a crucial redox-sensitive activator of transcription factors such as NF-κB, HIF-1α, STAT-3 and others. It could contribute to key features of ocular neovascularization including inflammation and angiogenesis; these underlie diseases like neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). We previously revealed a role for Ref-1 in the growth of ocular endothelial cells and in choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

Sensory innervation in the prostate and a role for calcitonin gene-related peptide in prostatic epithelial proliferation.

Introduction: The prostate is densely innervated like many visceral organs and glands. However, studies to date have focused on sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves and little attention has been given to the presence or function of sensory nerves in the prostate. Recent studies have highlighted a role for sensory nerves beyond perception of noxious stimuli, as anterograde release of neuropeptides from sensory nerves can affect vascular tone and local immune responses.

Defining the needle in a haystack: A compendium of genomic, pathologic, and clinical characteristics of rare pulmonary tumors.

A major paradigm shift in the diagnosis, management, and survival outcomes of early and advanced non-small cell lung cancer has transpired over the past few decades in thoracic oncology with the incorporation of molecular testing, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, neoadjuvant, and adjuvant approaches. However, transformation in the management and survival outcomes of rare lung tumors is lacking. Given the scarcity of these tumor types, randomized trials are rarely performed, and treatment is extrapolated from case series, tumor-agnostic trials, or cancers with similar histology.

Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal, Endometrial, and Gastric, Version 3.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology.

Multigene panel testing has allowed for the detection of a growing number of inherited pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in people at high risk of cancer, including endometrial cancer (EC). Hereditary syndromes associated with EC include Lynch syndrome, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. This manuscript provides the latest recommendations from the NCCN Guidelines for Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal, Endometrial, and Gastric on the screening and management of EC in patients at high risk for these syndromes, as well as the advantages and limitations of multigene panel testing.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Survivorship, Version 2.2024.

The NCCN Guidelines for Survivorship include recommendations for screening, evaluation, and treatment of psychosocial and physical problems resulting from adult-onset cancer and its treatment. They also include recommendations to promote healthy behaviors and immunizations in survivors and provide a framework for care coordination. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel's current recommendations regarding sexual health and fertility.

Dietary intake of isoflavones and coumestrol and risk of pancreatic cancer in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial.

Background: Although phytoestrogens modulated pancreatic tumour growth in experimental studies, it remains unclear whether phytoestrogen intake is associated with pancreatic cancer.

Methods: Of 92,278 persons who completed the Diet History Questionnaire in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, 346 were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer within a median follow-up of 9.4 years.

Gradient boosting reveals spatially diverse cholesterol gene signatures in colon cancer.

Colon cancer (CC) is the second most common cause of cancer deaths and the fourth most prevalent cancer in the United States. Recently cholesterol metabolism has been identified as a potential therapeutic avenue due to its consistent association with tumor treatment effects and overall prognosis. We conducted differential gene analysis and KEGG pathway analysis on paired tumor and adjacent-normal samples from the TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma project, identifying that bile secretion was the only significantly downregulated pathway.

Machine Learning-based Prognostic Subgrouping of Glioblastoma: A Multi-center Study.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive adult primary brain cancer, characterized by significant heterogeneity, posing challenges for patient management, treatment planning, and clinical trial stratification.

Methods: We developed a highly reproducible, personalized prognostication and clinical subgrouping system using machine learning (ML) on routine clinical data, MRI, and molecular measures from 2,838 demographically diverse patients across 22 institutions and 3 continents. Patients were stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor prognostic subgroups (I, II, III) using Kaplan-Meier analysis (Cox proportional model and hazard ratios [HR]).

Personalized Medicine: Leave no Patient Behind; Report From the 2024 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting.

Introduction: The 11th Annual 2024 Coffey - Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, was themed "Personalized Medicine: Leave No Patient Behind," and was held from June 20 to 23, 2024 at the University of California, Los Angeles, Luskin Conference Center, in Los Angeles, CA.

Methods: The CHPCA Meeting is an academy-styled annual conference organized by the Prostate Cancer Foundation, to focus discussion on the most critical emerging research that have the greatest potential to advance knowledge of prostate cancer biology and treatment. The 2024 CHPCA Meeting was attended by 75 academic investigators and included 37 talks across 8 sessions.

Coordination between the eIF2 kinase GCN2 and p53 signaling supports purine metabolism and the progression of prostate cancer.

Cancers invoke various pathways to mitigate external and internal stresses to continue their growth and progression. We previously reported that the eIF2 kinase GCN2 and the integrated stress response are constitutively active in prostate cancer (PCa) and are required to maintain amino acid homeostasis needed to fuel tumor growth. However, although loss of GCN2 function reduces intracellular amino acid availability and PCa growth, there is no appreciable cell death.

PTEN depletion reduces H3K27me3 levels to promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in epithelial colorectal cancer cells.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition is one of the best-known examples of tumor cell plasticity. EMT enhances cancer cell metastasis, which is the main cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related mortality. Therefore, understanding underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to the EMT process is crucial to finding druggable targets and more effective therapeutic approaches in CRC.

Systemic chemokine-modulatory regimen combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Higher cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) numbers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and positive long-term outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). pCR to NAC is achieved only in 30-40% of patients. The combination of NAC with pembrolizumab increases the pCR rate but at the cost of immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

Pubic hair removal practices among women: Findings from a U.S. nationally representative survey.

Background: Pubic hair removal (PHR) is common among women in the United States, and understanding current practices is important for public health efforts. The most recent national study focusing on U.S.

Estrogens and breast cancer.

Estrogens have been associated with an increase in breast cancer risk. Yet emerging clinical and experimental evidence points to progestogens [endogenous progesterone or synthetic progesterone (progestin)] as the primary hormonal driver underlying seemingly estrogen-associated breast cancer risk. Estrogens may contribute to breast cancer risk indirectly by induction of the progesterone receptor and thus amplifying progesterone signaling.

ZNFX1 is a Novel Master Regulator in Epigenetically-induced Pathogen Mimicry and Inflammasome Signaling in Cancer.

DNA methyltransferase and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (DNMTis, PARPis) induce a stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING)-dependent pathogen mimicry response (PMR) in ovarian (OC) and other cancers. We now show that combining DNMTis and PARPis upregulates expression of a little-studied nucleic-acid sensor, NFX1-type zinc finger-containing 1 protein (ZNFX1). We demonstrate that ZNFX1 is a novel master regulator for PMR induction in mitochondria, serving as a gateway for STING-dependent PMR.

Artificial Intelligence for Response Assessment in Neuro Oncology (AI-RANO), part 1: review of current advancements.

The development, application, and benchmarking of artificial intelligence (AI) tools to improve diagnosis, prognostication, and therapy in neuro-oncology are increasing at a rapid pace. This Policy Review provides an overview and critical assessment of the work to date in this field, focusing on diagnostic AI models of key genomic markers, predictive AI models of response before and after therapy, and differentiation of true disease progression from treatment-related changes, which is a considerable challenge based on current clinical care in neuro-oncology. Furthermore, promising future directions, including the use of AI for automated response assessment in neuro-oncology, are discussed.

Immune therapeutic strategies for the senescent tumor microenvironment.

Senescent cells can either to promote immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment or facilitate immune surveillance. Despite the revolutionary impact of cancer immunotherapy, durable responses in solid tumors, particularly in advanced stages, remain limited. Recent studies have shed light on the influence of senescent status within the tumor microenvironment (TME) on therapy resistance and major efforts are needed to overcome these challenges.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Fatigue Interference With Functioning in Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Fatigue is a highly prevalent and disabling symptom for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Evidence-based interventions for managing fatigue in advanced cancer populations are lacking. This phase II randomized controlled trial tested the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on fatigue interference with functioning in patients with MBC.