Prospective evaluation of a residency preparation checklist for PGY1 match success.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Linezolid-Induced Lactic Acidosis Presenting As Acute Cholecystitis: A Case Report and Systematic Review.

Linezolid has gained increased use for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria in recent years. It can cause rare but potentially life-threatening lactic acidosis. Here, we presented a case report of linezolid-induced lactic acidosis (LILA), along with a systematic review of current literature.

The Chronicles of Comorbidity and Cancer Care.

Care for patients with cancer is more challenging when they have concurrent, complex comorbidities. Risk assessment tools may help to enhance care assessment and predict poor clinical outcomes for these patients. This article.

Thermal Vapor Deposition of a Hydrophobic and Gas-Permeable Membrane on Zirconium Phosphate Cation Exchanger: An Oral Sorbent for the Urea Removal of Kidney Failure.

An oral sorbent with high capacity for NH is desirable in lowering the blood urea level and mitigating the dialysis burden for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. Zirconium phosphate (ZrP) is an amorphous cation ion exchanger with high NH binding capacity as a sorbent material, but its selectivity to remove NH is limited in the presence of other competing ions in water solution. We previously have developed a gas-permeable and hydrophobic perfluorocarbon coating on ZrP, which improves ZrP's NH selectivity.

EVALPAX: Evaluation of a pharmacist-driven protocol for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescribing in a community hospital system.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate pharmacist prescribing of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir to ensure this method of increasing access to treatment is safe and effective.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective observational study included patients receiving a prescription for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir by a physician, nurse practitioner (NP), physician assistant (PA), or pharmacist at an Indiana University (IU) Health West Central Region site over a 3-month period. Patients were divided into two groups: those who received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescribed by a pharmacist (the pharmacist prescribed group) and those who received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescribed by other providers (the physician/NP/PA prescribed group).

Best practices for PGY1 letters of intent: Recommendations from a modified Delphi process.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide consensus recommendations from residency program leaders on letters of intent (LOIs) written by postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) pharmacy residency candidates.

Methods: A 3-round modified Delphi process was used to determine consensus among PGY1 residency program leaders across the country. A screening and demographic survey was utilized to ensure representation of panelists.

Mutability of druggable kinases and pro-inflammatory cytokines by their proximity to telomeres and A+T content.

Mutations of protein kinases and cytokines are common and can cause cancer and other diseases. However, our understanding of the mutability in these genes remains rudimentary. Therefore, given previously known factors which are associated with high mutation rates, we analyzed how many genes encoding druggable kinases match (i) proximity to telomeres or (ii) high A+T content.

TRPV4 mRNA is elevated in the caudate nucleus with NPH but not in Alzheimer's disease.

Symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are somewhat similar, and it is common to misdiagnose these two conditions. Although there are fluid markers detectable in humans with NPH and AD, determining which biomarker is optimal in representing genetic characteristics consistent throughout species is poorly understood. Here, we hypothesize that NPH can be differentiated from AD with mRNA biomarkers of unvaried proximity to telomeres.

Developing a Selective Zirconium Phosphate Cation Exchanger to Adsorb Ammonium: Effect of a Gas-Permeable and Hydrophobic Coating.

A sorbent with a high enough capacity for NH could serve as an oral binder to lower urea levels in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. A hydrogen-loaded cation exchanger such as zirconium phosphate Zr(HPO)·HO (ZrP) is a promising candidate for this application. However, the NH binding selectivity versus other ions must be improved.

Drug-Targeted Genomes: Mutability of Ion Channels and GPCRs.

Mutations of ion channels and G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are not uncommon and can lead to cardiovascular diseases. Given previously reported multiple factors associated with high mutation rates, we sorted the relative mutability of multiple human genes by (i) proximity to telomeres and/or (ii) high adenine and thymine (A+T) content. We extracted genomic information using the genome data viewer and examined the mutability of 118 ion channel and 143 GPCR genes based on their association with factors (i) and (ii).

Perioperative Anticoagulation Management.

Management of anticoagulation in individuals undergoing operative procedures is a complex situation. Each case should be assessed individually with proper risk assessment, monitoring, and plan for perioperative and postoperative anticoagulation. Clinical evidence for the management of these patients is relatively scarce, and clinicians are often assessing each individual case with minimal guidance.

ADD It Up: An Evaluation of Antibiotic Duration at Hospital Discharge at a Community Hospital.

Background: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, patients admitted to the hospital are commonly discharged on antibiotic therapy with prolonged courses of therapy, which contributes to excessive antibiotic exposure and adverse events. The purpose of this study was to evaluate total antibiotic duration of therapy at hospital discharge at Indiana University Health Arnett, White Memorial, and Frankfort hospitals.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective electronic health record review was conducted from 1 January to 30 June 2019.

Factors Associated with Mutations: Their Matching Rates to Cardiovascular and Neurological Diseases.

Monogenic hypertension is rare and caused by genetic mutations, but whether factors associated with mutations are disease-specific remains uncertain. Given two factors associated with high mutation rates, we tested how many previously known genes match with (i) proximity to telomeres or (ii) high adenine and thymine content in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) related to vascular stiffening. We extracted genomic information using a genome data viewer.

Strategies to promote the implementation of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) in healthcare settings: a scoping review.

Background: Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT), is an approach for the prevention and treatment of substance use disorders, but is often underutilized in healthcare settings. Although the implementation of SBIRT is challenging, the use of multi-faceted and higher intensity strategies are more likely to result in the successful incorporation of SBIRT into practice in primary care settings. SBIRT may be used in different healthcare settings, and the context for implementation and types of strategies used to support implementation may vary by setting.

Major publications in the critical care pharmacotherapy literature: 2019.

Purpose: To summarize selected meta-analyses and trials related to critical care pharmacotherapy published in 2019.

Materials And Methods: The Critical Care Pharmacotherapy Literature Update (CCPLU) Group screened 36 journals monthly for impactful articles and reviewed 113 articles during 2019 according to Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria.

Results: Articles with a 1A grade, including three clinical practice guidelines, six meta-analyses, and five original research trials are reviewed here from those included in the monthly CCPLU.

Development and use of a toolkit to facilitate implementation of an evidence-based intervention: a descriptive case study.

Background: Implementation of evidence-based clinical interventions in real-world settings becomes a futile effort when effective strategies to foster adoption are not used. A toolkit, or a collection of adaptable documents to inform and facilitate implementation, can increase the use of evidence-based interventions. Most available toolkits provide resources about the intervention but lack guidance for adaptation to different contexts or strategies to support implementation.

Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate increases serum bicarbonate concentrations among patients with hyperkalaemia: exploratory analyses from three randomized, multi-dose, placebo-controlled trials.

Background: Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) binds potassium and ammonium in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to serum potassium reduction, Phase 2 trial data have shown increased serum bicarbonate with SZC, which may be clinically beneficial because maintaining serum bicarbonate ≥22 mmol/L preserves kidney function. This exploratory analysis examined serum bicarbonate and urea, and urine pH data from three SZC randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 studies among patients with hyperkalaemia [ZS-003 (n = 753), HARMONIZE (n = 258) and HARMONIZE-Global (n = 267)].

Hypoglycemia in patient with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin: it can happen.

There are many misconceptions about the prevalence and effects of hypoglycemia in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), including hypoglycemia does not occur or does not have adverse consequences in T2D. This narrative review aims to help dispel these myths. Around 25% of people with T2D taking insulin for >5 years were found to have severe hypoglycemic events, which is comparable to the severe hypoglycemia rate in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosed within 5 years.

Intake of Vegetables and Fruits Through Young Adulthood Is Associated with Better Cognitive Function in Midlife in the US General Population.

Background: Vegetables and fruits (VF) may differentially affect cognitive functions, presumably due to their various nutrient contents, but evidence from epidemiologic studies is limited.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the long-term association between VF intakes, including VF subgroups, in young adulthood and cognitive function in midlife.

Methods: A biracial cohort of 3231 men and women aged 18-30 y at baseline in 1985-1986 were followed up for 25 y in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.

Predictors of Nodal and Metastatic Failure in Early Stage Non-small-cell Lung Cancer After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy.

Introduction/background: Many patients with early stage non-small-cell lung cancer (ES-NSCLC) undergoing stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) develop metastases, which is associated with poor outcomes. We sought to identify factors predictive of metastases after lung SBRT and created a risk stratification tool.

Materials And Methods: We included 363 patients with ES-NSCLC who received SBRT; the median follow-up was 5.

Effects of seafood consumption and toenail mercury and selenium levels on cognitive function among American adults: 25 y of follow up.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between seafood and intake of long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCω-3 PUFA) and cognitive function and to explore the possible effect modifications owing to mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) levels.

Methods: Participants (N = 3231) from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study underwent baseline examination and were reexamined in eight follow-up visits. Diet was assessed at baseline and in exam years 7 and 20.

Clinical and Regulatory Considerations for Central Venous Catheters for Hemodialysis.

Central venous catheters remain a vital option for access for patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. There are many important and evolving clinical and regulatory considerations for all stakeholders for these devices. Innovation and transparent and comprehensive regulatory review of these devices is essential to stimulate innovation to help promote better outcomes for patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis.