238 results match your criteria: "Indian institute of science education and research IISER Pune[Affiliation]"

Membrane protrusions are fundamental to cellular functions like migration, adhesion, and communication and depend upon dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton. GAP-dependent GTP hydrolysis of Arf proteins regulates actin-dependent membrane remodeling. Here, we show that dAsap regulates membrane protrusions in S2R+ cells by a mechanism that critically relies on its ArfGAP domain and relocalization of actin regulators, SCAR, and Ena.

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Neurological and psychiatric complications continue to be a public health concern in long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This varies from olfactory dysfunctions such as parosmia to cognitive and emotional challenges. Historically, the surge of neurological disorders followed the viral pandemics, for example, the emergence of Encephalitis Lethargica after the outbreak of Spanish Influenza.

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Few synthetic ion transporters have been reported incorporating indole as the core moiety. We have developed a novel bisindole-based transporter capable of efficient transmembrane anion antiport. This system induced cytotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells chloride ion homeostasis disruption and the associated ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and lysosomal deacidification.

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We report size- and shape-controlled polymer brushes based on l-amino acid bioresource and study the role of polymer topology on the enzymatic biodegradation and deep-tissue penetration under in vitro and in vivo. For this purpose, l-tyrosine-based propargyl-functionalized monomer is tailor-made and polymerized via solvent-free melt polycondensation strategy to yield hydrophobic and clickable biodegradable poly(ester-urethane)s. Postpolymerization click chemistry strategy is applied to make well-defined amphiphilic one-dimensional rodlike and three-dimensional spherical polymer brushes by merely varying the lengths of PEG-azides in the reaction.

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The prevailing view about molecular catalysts is that the central metal ion is responsible for the reaction mechanism and selectivity, whereas the ligands mainly affect the reaction kinetics. Here, we question this paradigm and show that ligands have a dramatic influence on the selectivity of the product. We show how even a seemingly small change in ligand isomerization sharply alters the selectivity of the well-researched oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) Co phthalocyanine catalyst from an indirect 2e to a direct 4e pathway.

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Prebiotic genetic nucleotides (PGNs) often outcompete canonical alphabets in the formation of nucleotides and subsequent RNA oligomerization under early Earth conditions. This indicates that the early genetic code might have been dominated by pre-RNA that contained PGNs for information transfer and catalysis. Despite this, deciphering pre-RNAs' capacity to acquire function and delineating their evolutionary transition to a canonical RNA World has remained under-researched in the origins of life (OoL) field.

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Planar 44π and 46π core-modified decaphyrins with ten thiophene units have been synthesized from short thiophene oligomers. They have been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction with further support from spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical calculations. Our analysis revealed diradicaloid characteristics for 46π species in contrast to the closed shell property of the 44π congener.

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Sunlight-to-electricity conversion using solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs) is a proven technology to meet our ever-growing energy demand. However, STEGs are often operated under a vacuum with customized thermoelectric materials to achieve high performance. In this work, the incorporation of plasmonic gold nanoparticle (AuNP) based solar absorbers enabled the efficient operation of STEGs under ambient conditions with commercially available thermoelectric devices.

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Cancer therapy often leads to the selective elimination of drug-sensitive cells from the tumour. This can favour the growth of cells resistant to the therapeutic agent, ultimately causing a tumour relapse. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a well-characterised instance of this phenomenon.

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The major bottleneck in using polymer nanovectors for biomedical application, particularly those based on self-immolative poly(amino ester) (PAE), lies in their uncontrolled autodegradation at physiological pH before they can reach the intended target. Here, an elegant triblock-copolymer strategy is designed to stabilize the unstable PAE chains via zwitterionic interactions under physiological pH (pH 7.4) and precisely program their enzyme-responsive biodegradation specifically within the intracellular compartments, ensuring targeted delivery of the cargoes.

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Recent theoretical and experimental research suggests that θ-TaN is a semimetal with high thermal conductivity (κ), primarily due to the contribution of phonons (κ_{ph}). By using first-principles calculations, we show a nonmonotonic pressure dependence of the κ of θ-TaN. κ_{ph} first increases until it reaches a maximum at around 60 GPa, and then decreases.

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The mounting global energy demand urges surplus electricity generation. Due to dwindling fossil resources and environmental concerns, shifting from carbon-based fuels to renewables is vital. Though renewables are affordable, their intermittent nature poses supply challenges.

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Food is fundamental for the survival of organisms, governing growth, maintenance, and reproduction through the provision of essential macronutrients. However, access to food with optimum macronutrient composition, which will maximize the evolutionary fitness of an organism, is not always guaranteed. This leads to dietary mismatches with potential impacts on organismal performance.

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Considering the importance of sustainable nuclear energy, effective management of radioactive nuclear waste, such as sequestration of radioiodine has inflicted a significant research attention in recent years. Despite the fact that materials have been reported for the adsorption of iodine, development of effective adsorbent with significantly improved segregation properties for widespread practical applications still remain exceedingly difficult due to lack of proper design strategies. Herein, utilizing unique hybridization synthetic strategy, a composite crystalline aerogel material has been fabricated by covalent stepping of an amino-functionalized stable cationic discrete metal-organic polyhedra with dual-pore containing imine-functionalized covalent organic framework.

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In plants, asymmetric cell divisions result in distinct cell fates forming large and small daughter cells, adding to the cellular diversity in an organ. SCARECROW (SCR), a GRAS domain-containing transcription factor controls asymmetric periclinal cell divisions in flowering plants by governing radial patterning of ground tissue in roots and cell proliferation in leaves. Though SCR homologs are present across land plant lineages, the current understanding of their role in cellular patterning and leaf development is mostly limited to flowering plants.

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Preferential trapping of a selected metal-oxoanion from a mixture of other metal-oxoanionic toxic pollutants in water has been demonstrated by implementing energy-efficient adsorption followed by the ion-exchange method, utilizing a hydrolytically stable cationic metal-organic framework (MOF). The cationic MOF exhibits ultrafast and selective extraction efficiency towards ReO (a surrogate anion of radioactive TcO) over other metal-oxoanions in contaminated water systems.

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This research article explores the distinct TADF efficiency of three donor-acceptor based regio-isomers: DPAOCN (-isomer), DPAMCN (-isomer), and DPAPCN (-isomer). DPAPCN exhibits maximum TADF efficiency in both solution and solid-state with an impressive reverse inter-system crossing (RISC) rate of ∼10 s; the underlying cause being the minimum singlet-triplet splitting energy or Δ and maximum SOC (spin-orbit coupling) between the S & T states. Apart from TADF, differences in crystal packing of the regio-isomers result in intriguing bulk phase properties.

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How does niche expansion occur when the habitual (high-productivity) and marginal (low-productivity) niches are simultaneously available? Without spatial structuring, such conditions should impose fitness maintenance in the former while adapting to the latter. Hence, adaptation to a given marginal niche should be influenced by the identity of the simultaneously available habitual niche. This hypothesis remains untested.

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Plasmon enabled Claisen rearrangement with sunlight.

Chem Commun (Camb)

November 2023

Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411 008, India.

Plasmonic-heat generated from the solar irradiation of gold nanoparticles is used as the thermal energy source for the Claisen rearrangement of allyl phenyl ether to 2-allylphenol, which is conventionally performed with electrical heating at 250 °C. The use of a closed reactor enables the physical separation of the reactants from the source of plasmonic-heat, thereby preventing the interference of the hot-charge carriers in the plasmon-driven Claisen rearrangement. In this way, the sole effect of plasmonic-heat in driving a high temperature organic transformation is demonstrated.

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With their highly social nature and complex vocal communication system, marmosets are important models for comparative studies of vocal communication and, eventually, language evolution. However, our knowledge about marmoset vocalizations predominantly originates from playback studies or vocal interactions between dyads, and there is a need to move towards studying group-level communication dynamics. Efficient source identification from marmoset vocalizations is essential for this challenge, and machine learning algorithms (MLAs) can aid it.

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Herein, for the first time we have explored the umpolung reactivity of the vinylogous carbon center of diazo arylidene succinimide (DAS) through rhodium catalysis to achieve [2,3]-Stevens rearrangement of α-thioether esters. The protocol has successfully demonstrated the distal C-H bond functionalization of the α-thioether esters. Alongside, the carbenoid reactivity of DAS has also been achieved with Doyle-Kirmse reaction of allyl/propargyl phenyl sulfides.

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Tandem direct repeat (TDR)-containing proteins, present across all domains of life, play crucial roles in plant development and defense mechanisms. Previously, we identified that disruption of a bryophyte-specific protein family, SHORT-LEAF (SHLF), possessing the longest reported TDRs, is the cause of the shlf mutant phenotype in Physcomitrium patens. shlf exhibits reduced apical dominance, altered auxin distribution, and 2-fold shorter leaves.

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Dialectic signatures in animal acoustic signals are key in the identification of and association with group members. Complex vocal sequences may also convey information about behavioral state, and may thus vary according to social environment. Some bird species, such as psittaciforms, learn and modify their complex acoustic signals throughout their lives.

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A straightforward and practical method has been developed to access α-substituted glutaric diesters from acrylates and aldehydes using visible light, with Eosin Y facilitating hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and subsequent Giese-type addition. Also, sunlight has been successfully used as an alternative sustainable light source. The method has also been explored to access substituted 4,5-dihydro-2H-pyridazinones, which have potential biological and industrial applications.

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Phased short-interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) fine tune various stages of growth, development, and stress responses in plants. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuberization is a complex process, wherein a belowground modified stem (stolon) passes through developmental stages like swollen stolon and minituber before it matures to a potato. Previously, we identified several phasiRNA-producing loci (PHAS) from stolon-to-tuber transition stages.

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