Urinary metabolomics reveals potential biomarkers for early detection of pregnancy in Mithun (Bos frontalis) cows.

The present study investigated the urinary metabolic profiles of early pregnant and non-pregnant Mithun to identify potential pregnancy detection biomarkers. Urine samples were collected on days 0, 10, 18, 35 and 45 of gestation from pregnant (n = 6) and on days 0, 10 and 18 from non-pregnant (n = 6) Mithun. Urinary metabolites were assessed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) spectroscopy and identified 270 metabolites.

Mitigating antimicrobial resistance, an approach to stewardship in canine urinary tract infection.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by antimicrobial resistant bacteria is common in dogs leading to serious health impact in pet animal as well as on human health. Understanding the prevalent uropathogens and their drug susceptibility is essential for limiting the antimicrobial resistance through implementation of stewardship policies. In view of this, present study was envisaged to determine the prevalent bacterial uropathogens and their antibiogram from clinical cases of canine UTI.

Carcass characteristics, meat quality, and nutritional profiles of Mithun (Bos frontalis) meat reared under a semi-intensive system.

The present study aimed to determine carcass characteristics, meat quality, nutrient profiles, and sensory characteristics of Mithun meat. Sixteen Mithun were selected and divided into four groups, MM-4 (male; n = 4; <4 years of age), MM-47 (male; n = 4; 4-7 years of age), MF-4 (female; n = 4; <4 years of age), MF-47 (female; n = 4; 4-7 years of age). Carcass characteristics showed that adult males (MM-47) have significantly higher (P < 0.

Prediction, Synthesis and Evaluation of a Synthetic Peptide as an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Candidate for Screening of Bovine Antibodies against .

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) of livestock are endemic across various parts of tropical countries. Theileriosis is one such economically important TBD, caused by the Theileriidae family of organisms, which is transmitted by ticks. , the causative agent of tropical theileriosis, contributes a significant loss to the dairy sector by causing anorexia, high fever, anemia, inflammatory changes in vital organs and icterus, thus, a loss in milk yield.

Managing uphill cultivation under climate change - An assessment of adaptation decisions among tribal farmers in Nagaland state of India.

Tribal farmers in the Himalayas are vulnerable to climatic changes, as their rain-fed cultivation systems, practiced on steep, sloping terrain, are susceptible to changes in rainfall while at the same time being the primary means of livelihood. Soil and water conservation practices (SWCP) can improve the resilience of these cultivation systems to adverse climatic conditions. However, little is known about adaptation within these tribal farming communities.

Heat ameliorative measures in Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) heifers during summer: effect on microclimate, thermal comfort, and behavior.

Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is the mainstay of milk production in Asian countries including India. However, the hot climate of the country remains the biggest bottleneck to exploit the potential of this species. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess the effect of heat ameliorative measures on microclimate, thermal comfort, and behavior of Murrah buffalo heifers during summer.

Licorice ( L.)-Derived Phytochemicals Target Multiple Signaling Pathways to Confer Oncopreventive and Oncotherapeutic Effects.

Cancer is a highly lethal disease, and its incidence has rapidly increased worldwide over the past few decades. Although chemotherapeutics and surgery are widely used in clinical settings, they are often insufficient to provide the cure for cancer patients. Hence, more effective treatment options are highly needed.

Effect of dietary oregano essential oil and milk replacer on physiological status and immunological responses of pre- and post-weaned Ghoongroo piglets.

Ghoongroo pigs have good adaptability in a low input production system with high prolificacy. The present study was conducted on pre-and post-weaned Ghoongroo piglets from 2-3 days to 12 weeks of age to evaluate the effect of a milk replacer and oregano essential oil (EO) on growth, physiological and immunological responses. Thirty six piglets were randomly divided into three groups.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Virulent Duck Enteritis Virus (DEV/India/IVRI-2016) Isolated from Southern India.

Molecular characterization of Indian isolates of duck enteritis virus (DEV) so far has been limited to a few selected genomic regions. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an isolate, DEV/India/IVRI-2016, from southern India that is 158,091 bp in length.

Genome Wide Scan to Identify Potential Genomic Regions Associated With Milk Protein and Minerals in Vrindavani Cattle.

In this study, genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for identifying significantly associated genomic regions/SNPs with milk protein and minerals in the 96 taurine-indicine crossbred () cows using 50K SNP Chip. After quality control, a total of 41,427 SNPs were retained and were further analyzed using a single-SNP additive linear model. Lactation stage, parity, test day milk yield and proportion of exotic inheritance were included as fixed effects in GWAS model.

Production of biologically active recombinant buffalo leukemia inhibitory factor (BuLIF) in Escherichia Coli.

Background: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a multifunctional cytokine which plays multiple roles in different biological processes such as implantation, bone remodeling, and hematopoiesis. The buESCs are difficult to culture due to lack of proper understanding of the culture conditions. LIF is one of the important factors which maintain the pluripotency in embryonic stem cells and commercial LIF from murine and human origin is used in the establishment of buffalo embryonic stem cells (buESCs).

Current scenario and challenges ahead in application of spermatogonial stem cell technology in livestock.

Purpose: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the source for the mature male gamete. SSC technology in humans is mainly focusing on preserving fertility in cancer patients. Whereas in livestock, it is used for mining the factors associated with male fertility.

Proteome Modulation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Ruminants Vaccinated Goats and Sheep.

In the present study, healthy goats and sheep ( = 5) that were confirmed negative for ruminants virus (PPRV) antibodies by monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA and by serum neutralization test and for PPRV antigen by s-ELISA were vaccinated with Sungri/96. A quantitative study was carried out to compare the proteome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of vaccinated goat and sheep [5 days post-vaccination (dpv) and 14 dpv] vs. unvaccinated (0 day) to divulge the alteration in protein expression following vaccination.

Immunoinformatic Study of Recombinant LigA/BCon1-5 Antigen and Evaluation of Its Diagnostic Potential in Primary and Secondary Binding Tests for Serodiagnosis of Porcine Leptospirosis.

Leptospirosis is responsible for hampering the productivity of swine husbandry worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of bioinformatics tools in predicting the three-dimensional structure and immunogenicity of recombinant LigBCon1-5 (rLigBCon1-5) antigen. A battery of bioinformatics tools such as I-TASSER, ProSA and SAVES v6.

KOBUVIRUS DETECTION IN THE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED PYGMY HOG (), INDIA.

Pygmy hogs () are the smallest and rarest wild suid. It is categorized as a Critically Endangered species as per the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. This study reports the first detection of a single-stranded RNA virus species, , belonging to the genus (KobV) and the family , in pygmy hogs.

Genomic Analysis of an Indian G8P[1] Caprine Rotavirus-A Strain Revealing Artiodactyl and DS-1-Like Human Multispecies Reassortment.

The surveillance studies for the presence of caprine rotavirus A (RVA) are limited in India, and the data for the whole-genome analysis of the caprine RVA is not available. This study describes the whole-genome-based analysis of a caprine rotavirus A strain, RVA/Goat-wt/IND/K-98/2015, from a goat kid in India. The genomic analysis revealed that the caprine RVA strain K-98, possess artiodactyl-like and DS-1 human-like genome constellation G8P[1]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A3-N2-T6-E2-H3.

CRISPR-Cas System: An Approach With Potentials for COVID-19 Diagnosis and Therapeutics.

COVID-19, the human coronavirus disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, was reported for the first time in Wuhan, China in late 2019. COVID-19 has no preventive vaccine or proven standard pharmacological treatment, and consequently, the outbreak swiftly became a pandemic affecting more than 215 countries around the world. For the diagnosis of COVID-19, the only reliable diagnostics is a qPCR assay.

EGF, GDNF, and IGF-1 influence the proliferation and stemness of ovine spermatogonial stem cells in vitro.

Purpose: The objective of the present study was to purify sheep spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) from testicular isolate using combined enrichment methods and to study the effect of growth factors on SSC stemness during culture.

Methods: The testicular cells from prepubertal male sheep were isolated, and SSCs were purified using Ficoll gradients (10 and 12%) followed by differential plating (laminin with BSA). SSCs were cultured with StemPro®-34 SFM, additives, and FBS for 7 days.

Hematological and serum biochemical profile in cattle experimentally infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus.

Background And Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed animals causing vesicular erosions in the oral cavity and interdigital space. The present study was undertaken to ascertain the time-dependent changes in clinical, hematological, and biochemical profiles in different breeds of cattle following experimental infection.

Materials And Methods: The animals were inoculated with 1.

Antioxidative activity and protein profile of skim milk of goats and hill cattle of North West Himalayan region.

Aim: This study was aimed at evaluation of antioxidative activity, protein profile, and vitamins content of milk of goats, local non- goats, hill cattle, and Jersey crossbred cattle.

Materials And Methods: Total phenol, antioxidant activity measured as 2, 2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, total protein, and vitamins were estimated in milk samples by spectrophotometric methods. Milk protein profiles were studied by sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Advances in Diagnostic Approaches for Viral Etiologies of Diarrhea: From the Lab to the Field.

The applications of correct diagnostic approaches play a decisive role in timely containment of infectious diseases spread and mitigation of public health risks. Nevertheless, there is a need to update the diagnostics regularly to capture the new, emergent, and highly divergent viruses. Acute gastroenteritis of viral origin has been identified as a significant cause of mortality across the globe, with the more serious consequences seen at the extremes of age groups (young and elderly) and immune-compromised individuals.

Immunohistochemical detection of naturally occurring porcine infection in Indian pigs.

We investigated immunohistochemical detection of porcine (PSV) in naturally infected pigs of different ages. Forty-nine fecal samples, intestinal contents and other tissue samples from dead pigs were screened in previous study using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for PSV infection. Eight animals were positive for PSV based on RT-PCR examination.