Intrinsic and environmental drivers of pairwise cohesion in wild Canis social groups.

Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group-level processes such as subgroup formation and fission-fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing cohesion remains a gap in our knowledge of cooperative behavior in animals.

Cocktail vaccine for the management of and .

Introduction: Globally, ticks rank second only to mosquitoes as vectors of deadly pathogens affecting humans and first in transmitting animal pathogens, presenting a significant challenge to human wellness and sustainability of livestock-based industries. Traditional tick control via chemical acaricides impacts on the environment and has led to the emergence of multi-acaricide-resistant tick populations. Use of immunoprophylactic, along with other components of integrated tick management, holds the potential to mitigate tick infestations in a sustainable manner.

Watch and yearn? Effects of watching gambling livestreams on cravings.

Background: Gambling content on streaming platforms has gained popularity. Given their intense, cue-laden nature, watching gambling streams may trigger cravings among viewers. At the same time, people who gamble may be motivated to watch gambling streams in an attempt to regulate their cravings.

Harnessing the power of genomics to develop climate-smart crop varieties: A comprehensive review.

Abiotic stresses arising as consequences of climate change pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity on a global scale. Most cultivated crop varieties exhibit susceptibility to such environmental pressures as drought, salinity, and waterlogging. Addressing these abiotic stresses through agronomic means is not only financially burdensome but also often impractical, particularly in the case of abiotic stresses like heat stress.

Ethnic disparities in lung cancer incidence and differences in diagnostic characteristics: a population-based cohort study in England.

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of mortality, yet disparities in lung cancer across different sociodemographic groups in the UK remain unclear. This study investigates ethnicity and sociodemographic disparities and differences in lung cancer in a nationally representative English cohort, aiming to highlight inequalities and promote equitable access to diagnostic advancements.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using health care records from QResearch, a large primary care database in England.

Life cycle assessment (LCA) of biodegradable linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) manufactured in India.

The global plastic crisis requires urgent attention, as highlighted by a comprehensive review of LCA studies on plastics. Mismanagement of plastic waste has worsened this crisis, affecting all life forms and contaminating natural resources. Plastic production leads to Green House Gas (GHG) emissions.

Compound risks of floods and droughts over multi-hazard catchments: Revealing association through hydrodynamic-cum-statistical modelling and novel bivariate risk classifier.

Floods and droughts are signature phases of the same hydrological cycle. Despite their profound impacts on the socio-economic structures and population globally, limited research efforts have encapsulated the resultant compound risks from them. Comprehending both water extremes presents a formidable challenge due to the relatively short-term occurrence of floods versus the prolonged impacts of droughts.

Dental Coverage and Care When Transitioning From Medicaid to Medicare.

Importance: Millions of adults with low incomes lose Medicaid eligibility when transitioning to Medicare at age 65 years. However, it remains unclear how this transition is associated with dental care.

Objective: To examine the consequences of transitions from Medicaid to Medicare on coverage and use of dental services.

World delirium awareness and quality survey in 2023-a worldwide point prevalence study.

Background: Delirium, an acute brain dysfunction, is proposed to be highly prevalent in clinical care and shown to significantly increase the risk of mortality and dementia.

Objectives: To report on the global prevalence of clinically documented delirium and delirium-related clinical practices in wards caring for paediatric and adult patients in healthcare facilities.

Design: A prospective, cross-sectional, 39-question survey completed on World Delirium Awareness Day, 15 March 2023.

Microplastic migration from landfill-mined soil through earth filling operations and ecological risk assessment: a case study in New Delhi, India.

Microplastics (MPs), plastic pieces smaller than 5 mm, are emerging as a critical ecological threat, potentially disrupting ecosystems and complicating waste management practices. Landfill-Mined Soil-Like Material (LMSLM), a byproduct of landfill reclamation, is gaining global traction for rehabilitating degraded land and repurposing it for geotechnical applications. While studies have examined contaminants like heavy metals and salts, MPs contamination has been largely overlooked, raising environmental concerns.

Asian American Representation in Medicine by Career Stage and Residency Specialty.

Importance: Asian American individuals are not underrepresented in medicine; however, aggregation in prior workforce analyses may mask underlying disparities.

Objective: To assess representation by Asian race and disaggregated subgroups in the US allopathic medical school workforce.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) special reports, generated using the AAMC Applicant-Matriculant Data File, Student Records System, Graduate Medical Education Track Survey, and faculty roster.

Polmacoxib 2mg in patients with mild to moderate idiopathic osteoarthritis of hip/knee-a randomized, double-anonymous study.

Aim: Polmacoxib, a new COX-2 inhibitor with carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitory action, is expected to help minimize the adverse effects associated with other NSAIDs, like GI (gastrointestinal) and CV (cardiovascular) system- related issues. The comparative efficacy and safety of polmacoxib 2 mg (manufactured by Hetero Labs Limited) versus celecoxib 200 mg (manufactured by Hetero Labs Limited) were assessed in this randomized, double-anonymous, clinical study in Indian adult patients diagnosed with idiopathic osteoarthritis (OA) of the.

Patients & Methodology: 18 years and older patients of either sex, clinically and radiographically diagnosed idiopathic knee or hip OA were randomized to receive either polmacoxib or celecoxib in a 1:1 ratio.

Whole-genome sequencing reveals genetic structure and adaptive genes in Nepalese buffalo breeds.

Background: Indigenous buffaloes, as the important livestock species contributing to economy of the country, are the lifeline of livelihood in Nepal. They are distributed across diverse geographical regions of the country and have adapted to various feeding, breeding, and management conditions. The larger group of these native buffalo breeds are present in narrow and stiff hilly terrains.

Vulnerability assessment of English and Welsh coastal areas.

The escalating threat of climate change has placed global coastal communities at risk, with rising sea levels and intensified storm events presenting unprecedented challenges. Coastal vulnerability assessments, conducted every 3-5 years, are crucial. This empirical study assesses the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) for the distinct coastal contexts of Dawlish, Happisburgh (England), and Aberystwyth (Wales).

Impact of antral follicle count on follicular-luteal characteristics, superovulatory response, and embryo quality in Sahiwal cows.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of antral follicle count (AFC) on follicular and luteal development during the estrous cycle and superovulatory period, as well as on superovulatory response and embryo quality within the MOET program. A total of 48 estrus-induced (500 μg PGF2α, Single dose, IM) Sahiwal cows () with a BCS between 3.5 and 4.

Analysis of salinity-induced metabolome changes in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) roots and shoots: hydroponic versus microplot cultivation.

Background: Brassica juncea L. (family Brassicaceae) or Indian mustard is a fast-growing oilseed crop. Climate changes mean that it is very important to evaluate the effects of salinity stress on B.

Gold(I) complexes of the type [AuL{κC-2-CHP(S)Ph}] [L = PTA, PPh, PPh(CH-3-SONa) and PPh(2-py)]: Synthesis, characterisation, crystal structures, and In Vitro and In Vivo anticancer properties.

Four new mononuclear gold (I) compounds of the type [AuL{κC-2-CHP(S)Ph}] {L = PTA (1), PPh (2), PPh(CH-3-SONa) (3), and PPh(2-py) (4)} were prepared by scission of the dinuclear compound [Au{μ-2-CHP(S)Ph}] by L or via a transmetalation reaction using the organotin reagent 2-MeSnCHP(S)Ph and a suitable gold halide precursor. The cytotoxic potential of complexes 1-4 was evaluated against four human cancer cell lines of diverse cellular origin: cervical (HeLa), prostate (PC-3), non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (A549), and fibrosarcoma (HT-1080). The in vitro cytotoxicity results showed that 1 demonstrated exceptional anticancer activity with IC values ranging from 0.

Who uses cigarette price promotions in the U.S.? examining the combined effect of social identities.

Introduction: Tobacco industry offers price promotions to promote cigarette smoking. Several social identities (e.g.

How to optimize and evaluate diversity in gynecologic cancer clinical trials: statements from the GCIG Barcelona Meeting.

Findings from clinical trials have led to advancement of care for patients with gynecologic malignancies. However, restrictive inclusion of patients into trials has been widely criticized for inadequate representation of the real-world population. Ideally, patients enrolled in clinical trials should represent a broader population to enhance external validity and facilitate translation of outcomes across all relevant groups.