Palladium mediated domino reaction: synthesis of isochromenes under aqueous medium.

Isochromenes have been synthesized using palladium-catalyzed C-C and C-O bond forming reactions starting from -bromo tertiary benzylic alcohols and internal acetylenes. Notably, this domino process is feasible by using the green solvent, water. The protocol exhibited a broad substrate scope and afforded various isochromenes.

Nanomagnetic logic design approach for area and speed efficient adder using ferromagnetically coupled fixed input majority gate.

In this letter, we introduce the magnetic quantum-dot cellular automata (MQCA) based area and speed efficient design approach for nanomagnetic full adder implementation. We exploited the physical properties of three input MQCA majority gate (MG), where the fixed input of the MG is coupled ferromagnetically to one of the primary input operands. Subsequently we propose a design methodology, mapping logic and micromagnetic software implementation, validation of the binary full adder architecture built using two-three inputs MQCA MGs.

Synthesis and Characterization of BaAgSe(Se).

Single crystals and a polycrystalline sample of BaAgSe(Se) were synthesized by standard solid-state chemistry methods at 1173 and 973 K, respectively. The crystal structure of this ternary compound was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies at 100(2) K. The superstructure of this compound is commensurate and crystallizes in the space group P2/ c of a monoclinic system with cell constants of a = 6.

Mercury levels in human hair in South India: baseline, artisanal goldsmiths and coal-fired power plants.

India is a major emitter of mercury to the environment, mainly due to emissions from coal-fired power plants. Consumption of fish and rice, two important pathways for human exposure to mercury, is particularly high in South India. Here, we report concentrations of total mercury in hair (THg) in 668 participants from South India.

Mercury and Organochlorines in the Terrestrial Environment of Schirmacher Hills, Antarctica.

We report the levels of mercury (Hg) and nine organochlorine pesticides [OCPs: α-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, α-Endosulfan, β-Endosulfan, Endosulfan sulfate, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD)] in the terrestrial environment (moss and soil) and water (OCPs only) of Schirmacher Hills, Antarctica. This area has never been studied for mercury and not for OCPs since 1988. Mercury levels in moss, 66 ± 37 ng/g dry weight (dw), are comparable to other Antarctic locations.

New biomarkers in brain trauma.

Brain-specific biomolecules are being increasingly investigated as a viable alternative to the clinical scores and radiological features, on which we still rely upon for stratification, therapy and predicting outcome in traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI generally leads to release of various chemical compound within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood depending on the severity of injury, which were studied variedly in last decades. However, most of these compounds being non-specific to brain, their applicability was challenged further.

Brønsted Acid-Mediated Domino One-Pot Dual C-C Bond Formation: Chemoselective Synthesis of Fused Tricyclic Ketones.

A chemoselective synthesis of fused novel tricyclic motifs via a facile domino intramolecular cyclization is presented. The strategy enables the formation of dual C-C bond via intramolecular Friedel-Crafts alkylation followed by acylation to accomplish fused tricyclic ketones. Significantly, these fused tricyclic compounds are ubiquitous and constitute major structural cores of natural products.

BF₃·OEt₂ mediated metal-free one-pot sequential multiple annulation cascade (SMAC) synthesis of complex and diverse tetrahydroisoquinoline fused hybrid molecules.

A highly efficient and distinct BF3·OEt2 mediated metal-free SMAC protocol for the synthesis of complex and diverse hybrid molecules viz. indazole fused tetrahydroisoquinolinoquinoxalines, and tetrahydroisoquinolinodiazepine has been developed. The transformation is based on sequential cascade processes involving 2H-indazole formation and deprotection Pictet-Spengler cyclization steps in one-pot fashion.

Lewis acid promoted dual bond formation: facile synthesis of dihydrocoumarins and spiro-tetracyclic dihydrocoumarins.

Lewis acid (FeCl3) mediated dual bond (C-C and C-O) formation for synthesis of 3,4-dihydrocoumarins is presented. This method has successfully delivered a number of dihydrocoumarins containing dense functionalities on the aromatic ring. Significantly, the present method enabled achieving dihydrocoumarins with tertiary as well as quaternary carbon atoms at the benzylic position.