Carbene-Functionalized Bulky-Cyclopentadiene Rings.

A series of significantly bulky mono- and di-substituted cyclic alkyl-amino carbene (cAAC)- functionalized cyclopentadiene ring (Cp) compounds were synthesized. The functionalization of the Cp ring with cAAC ligands makes them significantly bulkier, while retaining their ligation properties. These compounds display interesting fluorescence properties.

Growing microbiology literacy through interdisciplinary approaches to food fermentations and an Indigenous peoples' rights framework.

New approaches to microbiology education are needed to ensure equitable representation in microbiology and to build literacy in microbiology and science broadly. To address this goal, we developed a course held at the collegiate level that uniquely integrated microbiology, Indigenous studies, science and technology studies, and arts and performance. The course participants included students in 12 majors across science, engineering, humanities, and arts.

A Survey of the Congenital Glaucoma Surgery Practice Patterns in the Indian Pediatric Glaucoma Society.

Purpose: To assess the practice patterns among the Indian Pediatric Glaucoma Society (IPGS) members in the management of children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).

Methods: An anonymous 74-question survey was administered online via Qualtrics (Qualtrics, Provo, Utah, USA) using a link sent by email to the 88 IPGS members. The questionnaire comprised five sections and was designed to gather information regarding respondent demographics and specialty training, clinic composition and volume, surgical practices and preferences, follow-up practices, and additional services.

Highly Selective α-Addition and β-Conjugate Addition Products from Peptides Composed of α,β-Unsaturated γ-Amino Acids.

β-Addition products are common in conjugate addition reactions consisting of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Here, we are reporting an uncommon α-addition product as a major product in the thioacetic acid conjugate addition reaction on a peptide consisting of ()-α,β-unsaturated γ-amino acids. In addition, we observed highly diastereoselective β-addition products from the thiophenol and thioethanol conjugate addition reaction on peptides.

Excitonic circular dichroism in boron-nitrogen cluster decorated graphene.

Using the first principle calculations, we propose a boron and nitrogen cluster incorporated graphene system for efficient valley polarization. The broken spatial inversion symmetry results in high Berry curvature at and valleys of the hexagonal Brillouin zone in this semiconducting system. The consideration of excitonic quasiparticles within the approximation along with their scattering processes using the many-body Bethe-Salpeter equation gives rise to an optical gap of 1.

The critical role of the variable domain in driving proteotoxicity and aggregation in full-length light chains.

Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is the most common systemic amyloid disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of amyloid fibrils derived from immunoglobulin light chains (LCs). Both full-length (FL) LCs and their isolated variable (VL) and constant (CL) domains contribute to amyloid deposits in multiple organs, with the VL domain predominantly forming the fibril core. However, the role and interplay of these domains in amyloid aggregation and toxicity are poorly understood.

Rapid and Reagent-Free Analysis of Dried Blood Spot by Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry Reveals Sex: Implications in Forensic Investigations.

Identifying sex from an unknown dried blood spot (DBS), especially when the corpse remains undiscovered, often provides valuable evidence in forensic casework. While DNA-based sex determination is a reliable method in forensic settings, it requires expensive reagents and is time-consuming. To develop a rapid reagent-free blood test for sex, we employed paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to capture sex-discriminatory lipid profiles from 200 DBS samples comprising 100 males and 100 females.

Depressive Symptoms and Amyloid Pathology.

Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.

Catalytic Hydrogenation of CO by Direct Air Capture to Valuable C1 Products Using Homogenous Catalysts.

Growing atmospheric CO concentrations are a global concern and a primary factor contributing to global warming. Development of integrated CO capture and conversion protocols is necessary to mitigate this alarming challenge. Though CO hydrogenation to produce formic acid and methanol has seen many strides in the past decades, most studies utilize pure CO for this transformation.

Dynamics of Pyrene Excimer in a Cholesteryl-based Supramolecular Host Matrix.

Aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) reduces luminescence and compromises brightness in solid-state displays, necessitating strategies to mitigate its effects for enhanced performance. This study presents cost-effective method to mitigate ACQ of pyrene by co-assembling polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons within low molecular weight gelator. ​Synthesized from readily available materials-cholesteryl chloroformate and pentaerythritol-in one-step reaction, gelator incorporates four cholesteryl units, reported to promote robust supramolecular gels in various solvents.

Actin Cytoskeleton at the Synapse: An Alzheimer's Disease Perspective.

Actin, a ubiquitous and highly conserved cytoskeletal protein, plays a pivotal role in various cellular functions such as structural support, facilitating cell motility, and contributing to the dynamic processes of synaptic function. Apart from its established role in inducing morphological changes, recent developments in the field indicate an active involvement of actin in modulating both the structure and function of pre- and postsynaptic terminals. Within the presynapse, it is involved in the organization and trafficking of synaptic vesicles, contributing to neurotransmitter release.

Influence of goethite on the fate of antibiotic (tetracycline) in the aqueous environment: Effect of cationic and anionic surfactants.

Over the last decades, the release and occurrence of organic pollutants in aquatic systems have become a major global concern due to their bioaccumulation, toxicity, and adverse effects on the ecosystem. Tetracycline (TC), a widely used antibiotic, is often found at high concentrations in the aqueous environment and tends to bind with the natural colloids. Post-COVID-19 pandemic, the release of surfactants in the environment has increased due to the excessive use of washing and cleaning products.

Light-Driven CO Fixation into Epoxides Using an AlO/CoAlO Composite Photocatalyst.

Utilization of carbon dioxide (CO) as a C1 feedstock to synthesize value-added chemicals using a catalyst made from earth-abundant elements and under mild conditions is a sustainable approach toward carbon neutrality but difficult to achieve. Herein, the CoAlO/AlO composite catalyst is developed and used for the light-driven epoxide to value-added cyclic carbonate conversion using CO. CoAlO/AlO composite catalysts (% Co-AlO) are prepared by calcining cobalt-incorporated Al-oxy-hydroxide at 500 °C under an air atmosphere.

Activation of the voltage-Gated Potassium channels by Amphiphilic Glycopeptides.

Voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) are allosterically modulated by glycosaminoglycan proteoglycans and sialic acid glycans. However, the structural diversity and heterogeneity of these biomolecules pose significant challenges to precisely delineate their underlying structure-activity relationships. Herein, we demonstrate how heparan sulfate (HS) and sialic acid synthetic glycans appended on amphiphilic glycopeptide backbone influence cell membrane persistence and modulate the gating of the Kv2.

Regioselective Access to Substituted Benzothiophenes/furans through Electrochemical Selenium-Promoted Skeletal Rearrangement.

An electrochemical strategy for the regioselective construction of seleno-benzothiophenes/furans is reported through electrochemical selenocyclization, followed by Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement. This electro-oxidative tandem process operates under metal-free and external chemical oxidant-free conditions. Advantageously, unprotected homopropargyl alcohols were found to be compatible under the reaction conditions, releasing water and dihydrogen as the biproduct.

Key molecular scaffolds in the development of clinically viable α-amylase inhibitors.

The escalating cases of type II diabetes combined with adverse side effects of current antidiabetic drugs spurred the advancement of innovative approaches for the management of postprandial glucose levels. α-Amylase is an endoamylase responsible for the breakdown of internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in dietary starch, producing oligosaccharides. Subsequently, α-glucosidase degraded these oligosaccharides to monosaccharides, which are absorbed into the bloodstream and become available to the body.

SCN1A Genetic Alterations and Oxidative Stress in Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Patients: A Causative Analysis in Refractory Cases.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have found it be associated with drug resistance in epilepsy. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of SCN1A gene polymorphism in developing drug resistance in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) patients, along with increased oxidative stress. The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India.

Role of Grape () Extracts of Different Cultivars Against γ-Radiation Induced DNA Damage and Gene Expression in Human Lymphocytes.

Radiation therapy uses ionizing radiation (IR) to kill cancer cells. However, during radiotherapy normal cells are also damaged and killed by the generation of reactive oxygen species. Polyphenolic compounds are known to mitigate the damaging effects of radiation.

Structure-directing effect of terephthalate in bridging Zn(II)- and Cd(II)-based coordination polymers towards application in the detection of trace quantities of Pd in aqueous media and their electrical conductivities.

Energy crisis and environmental pollution are two central themes of contemporary research towards achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). Material chemistry is the chief discipline that can resolve glitches in these areas through the appropriate design of chemical compounds with multifunctional properties. In this regard, two stable coordination polymers (CPs) were synthesised in this work using Zn(II) (3d) and Cd(II) (d) metal nodes with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate () as the bridging ligand and monodentate pyridyl-N coordinated 9-fluoren-2-yl-pyridin-4-ylmethylene-amine (flpy) as the fluorogenic partner.

Organoselenium Ligand Enabled Selective Electron Tuning for Switchable Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Unraveling the electronic structure of metal complexes can bring various catalytic possibilities for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the electronic effect of metal and ligands modulating and switching the reaction center for HER has yet to be comprehensively analyzed. Herein, we report nickel selenoether electrocatalysts which show tunable reaction centers (nickel or ligand) for HER using mild weak acetic acid in less deprotonating DMF solvent.

Hot carrier dynamics in the BAPbBr/MoS heterostructure.

Herein, we investigated the carrier-phonon relaxation process in a two-dimensional (2D) BAPbBr perovskite and its heterostructure with MoS. Energy transfer was observed in the van der Waals heterostructure of 2D perovskite and monolayer MoS, leading to enhancement in the photoluminescence intensity of MoS. Femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy was used to study the carrier and lattice dynamics of pristine 2D materials and their heterostructure.

Self-sensitized Cu(ii)-complex catalyzed solar driven CO reduction.

Developing a self-sensitized catalyst from earth-abundant elements, capable of efficient light harvesting and electron transfer, is crucial for enhancing the efficacy of CO transformation, a critical step in environmental cleanup and advancing clean energy prospects. Traditional approaches relying on external photosensitizers, comprising 4d/5d metal complexes, involve intermolecular electron transfer, and attachment of photosensitizing arms to the catalyst necessitates intramolecular electron transfer, underscoring the need for a more integrated solution. We report a new Cu(ii) complex, K[CuNDPA] (1[K(18-crown-6)]), bearing a dipyrrin amide-based trianionic tetradentate ligand, NDPA (HL), which is capable of harnessing light energy, despite having a paramagnetic Cu(ii) centre, without any external photosensitizer and photocatalytically reducing CO to CO in acetonitrile : water (19 : 1 v/v) with a TON as high as 1132, a TOF of 566 h and a selectivity of 99%.

Discovery of 2-Pyrazolines That Inhibit the Phosphorylation of STAT3 as Nanomolar Cytotoxic Agents.

STAT3 has emerged as a validated target in cancer, being functionally associated with breast cancer (BC) development, growth, resistance to chemotherapy, metastasis, and evasion of immune surveillance. Previously, a series of compounds consisting of imidazo[1,2-]pyridine tethered 2-pyrazolines (referred to as ITPs) were developed that inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC cells. Herein, a new library of derivatives consisting of imidazo[1,2-]pyridine clubbed 2-pyrazolines (-) and its amide derivatives (-) have been synthesized.

Metal-directed hierarchical superhelices from hybrid peptide foldamers.

A superhelix is a three-dimensional arrangement of a helix in which the helix is coiled around a common axis. Here, we are reporting a short 12-helix of α,γ-hybrid peptides terminated by metal binding ligands, self-assembled into a right-handed superhelix around a common axis in the presence of Cd(II) ions. Furthermore, these superhelices are assembled into hierarchical superhelical β-sheet-type structural motifs in single crystals.

Synthesis of the conjugation-ready β-mannosamine-containing -antigen repeat from O14.

Chemical synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the -antigen from has been accomplished through a linear strategy. The reducing end 1,2- mannosamine unit has been achieved through the azide inversion of the 2-OH position of a suitably protected glucose moiety. The crucial ()-3-hydroxybutyric acid is inserted successfully at the last stage through EDC-HOBt coupling.