A new species of genus Oedaspis Loew and new distribution records of Acidiostigma Hendel & Goniurellia Hendel from India (Diptera: Tephritidae).

A new species of genus Oedaspis Loew, Oedaspis nauniensis Maneesh & Hancock, sp. nov., is described from Himachal Pradesh, India and Oedaspis Loew, Acidiostigma bomiense Wang and Goniurellia lacerata (Becker) are newly recorded from India.

Nitrogen at the crossroads of light: Integration of light signalling and plant nitrogen metabolism.

Plants have developed complex mechanisms to perceive, transduce, and respond to environmental signals, such as light, which are essential for acquiring and allocating resources, including nitrogen (N). This review delves into the complex interaction between light signals and N metabolism, emphasising light-mediated regulation of N uptake and assimilation. Firstly, we discuss the details of light-mediated regulation of N uptake and assimilation, focusing on the light-responsive activity of nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrate transporters.

Association mapping identifies stable loci containing novel genes for developmental and reproductive traits in sorghum.

We mapped 11 sorghum traits, identified 33 candidate genes, and found a grain yield gene () that regulates seed development and a grass-specific tillering gene (DUF1618) transferred to .

Precision nutrition-based strategy for management of human diseases and healthy aging: current progress and challenges forward.

Currently, the treatment of various human ailments is based on different therapeutic approaches including traditional and modern medicine systems. Precision nutrition has come into existence as an emerging approach considering the diverse aspects such as age, sex, genetic and epigenetic makeup, apart from the pathophysiological conditions. The continuously and gradually evolving disciplines of genomics about nutrition have elucidated the importance of genetic variations, epigenetic information, and expression of myriads of genes in disease progression apart from the involvement in modulating therapeutic responses.

A new isolate of mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in Vigna mungo L. reported from a Dayalbagh field, Agra.

Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) plants showing yellow mosaic symptoms during 2019-2022 crop seasons were collected randomly from a Dayalbagh field, Agra Region of Uttar Pradesh, India. Total genomic DNA was isolated from the infected leaf samples by the Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method and subjected to PCR.

Impact of IPM practices on microbial population and disease development in transplanted and direct-seeded rice.

Integrated pest management (IPM) is a comprehensive approach to managing diseases, focusing on combining various strategies to reduce pathogen populations effectively and in an environmentally conscious way. We investigated the effects of IPM on beneficial microbial populations and its relationship with pathogen populations in both direct-seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted rice (TR) systems. This study demonstrates that IPM practices have significantly higher populations of beneficial microbes, such as and , and lower level of the pathogen compared to non-IPM (farmer practices).

Starch and storage protein dynamics in the developing and matured grains of durum wheat and diploid progenitor species.

Durum wheat, less immunogenically intolerant than bread wheat, originates from diploid progenitors known for nutritional quality and stress tolerance. Present study involves the analysis of major grain parameters, viz. size, weight, sugar, starch, and protein content of Triticum durum (AABB genome) and its diploid progenitors, Triticum monococcum (AA genome) and Aegilops speltoides (BB genome).

Transportation stress: Impact on behaviour and welfare in meat-type chickens under indian scenario.

In order to find standard transport time and its effect on the welfare, 480 marketable commercial broiler chickens (CARIBRO VISHAL; avg. 2.0 kg body weight) were transported for 2, 4, 8h and without transport in crates in three replicates in a completely randomized design.

A chemometric and ingestion hazard prediction study of groundwater in proximity to the Bandhwari landfill site, Gurugram, India.

Groundwater contamination due to the leaching of harmful pollutants such as heavy metals, xenobiotic compounds, and other inorganic compounds from solid waste dumping sites has become a major health concern in recent times. Therefore, to assess the effects of the Bandhwari landfill site, groundwater samples from the surrounding region of the dumping site were collected and analyzed for heavy metals and physicochemical properties. The total dissolved solids (TDS) of 67% of samples exceeded the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) permissible limits which makes it unfit for drinking purposes.

Genetic diversity, transcript heterogeneity and allele mining of TaSKP1-6B-4 gene variants across diverse genotypes under terminal heat stress and genome wide characterization of TaSKP1 gene family from bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

SKP1 (S-phase kinase protein1) is an essential regulatory component of SCF (Skp1-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in maintenance of cellular protein homeostasis through ubiquitin mediated proteasome system (UPS). UPS play a key role in stress response and grain yield. Earlier, we isolated TaSKP1-6B-4, highly induced in flag leaf tissues (Accession No.

Improving the Growth and Productivity of Macrotyloma uniflorum Medicinal Plant by the Co-inoculation of P, Zn and K-Solubilizing Fungi Under Field Conditions.

The presence of small amount of soluble forms of Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) in most soils is one of the limiting factors for agronomic crop production. The current study focuses on Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram or gahat), the most commonly cultivated crop in Uttarakhand. The current initiative and study were started, because there is a little information available on the impact of co-inoculation of beneficial fungi on crops in agricultural fields.

Fungal effectors versus defense-related genes of and the status of resistant transgenics against fungal pathogens.

Oilseed brassica has become instrumental in securing global food and nutritional security. , colloquially known as Indian mustard, is cultivated across tropics and subtropics including Indian subcontinent. The production of Indian mustard is severely hampered by fungal pathogens which necessitates human interventions.

Impact of Infection on Potato Quality, Starch Digestibility, In Vitro Glycemic Response, and Resistant Starch Content.

Potato dry rot disease caused by multiple species is a major global concern in potato production. In this investigation, the tubers of cultivars Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Frysona were artificially inoculated with an individual or combined inoculum of and . caused a significantly higher lesion development ( < 0.

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using lychee peel and its application in anti-bacterial properties and CR dye removal from wastewater.

In nanoscience and nanobiotechnology, using plant extracts in synthesizing metal nanoparticles (NPs) has recently come to light as an exciting opportunity with several benefits over traditional physicochemical methods. In the present work, zinc oxide (ZnO) based nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by green chemistry route using lychee peel extract to capture hazardous congo red dye from wastewater and illustrate their antimicrobial behavior. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectra confirm the wurtzite crystal structure, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra confirm the functional group in ZnO, which is suitable for dye adsorption.

Simulated drought stress unravels differential response and different mechanisms of drought tolerance in newly developed tropical field corn inbreds.

Corn is one of the most important cereal crops in the world with highest yield potential. Nevertheless, its potential productivity is constrained by the occurrences of drought stress worldwide. Besides, in the era of climate change, frequent occurrences of severe droughts are predicted.

Understanding plant-microbe interaction of rice and soybean with two contrasting diazotrophic bacteria through comparative transcriptome analysis.

Understanding the beneficial plant-microbe interactions is becoming extremely critical for deploying microbes imparting plant fitness and achieving sustainability in agriculture. Diazotrophic bacteria have the unique ability to survive without external sources of nitrogen and simultaneously promote host plant growth, but the mechanisms of endophytic interaction in cereals and legumes have not been studied extensively. We have studied the early interaction of two diazotrophic bacteria, (GAB) and (BRH), in 15-day-old seedlings of rice and soybean up to 120 h after inoculation (hai) under low-nitrogen medium.

Advances in integrated genomic selection for rapid genetic gain in crop improvement: a review.

Genomic selection and its importance in crop breeding. Integration of GS with new breeding tools and developing SOP for GS to achieve maximum genetic gain with low cost and time. The success of conventional breeding approaches is not sufficient to meet the demand of a growing population for nutritious food and other plant-based products.

Advancement in the Breeding, Biotechnological and Genomic Tools towards Development of Durable Genetic Resistance against the Rice Blast Disease.

Rice production needs to be sustained in the coming decades, as the changeable climatic conditions are becoming more conducive to disease outbreaks. The majority of rice diseases cause enormous economic damage and yield instability. Among them, rice blast caused by is a serious fungal disease and is considered one of the major threats to world rice production.

Development of Smart Weighing Lysimeter for Measuring Evapotranspiration and Developing Crop Coefficient for Greenhouse Chrysanthemum.

The management of water resources is a priority problem in agriculture, especially in areas with a limited water supply. The determination of crop water requirements and crop coefficient (K) of agricultural crops helps to create an appropriate irrigation schedule for the effective management of irrigation water. A portable smart weighing lysimeter (1000 × 1000 mm and 600 mm depth) was developed at CPCT, IARI, New Delhi for real-time measurement of Crop Coefficient (K) and water requirement of chrysanthemum crop and bulk data storage.

Indian Wheat Genomics Initiative for Harnessing the Potential of Wheat Germplasm Resources for Breeding Disease-Resistant, Nutrient-Dense, and Climate-Resilient Cultivars.

Wheat is one of the major staple cereal food crops in India. However, most of the wheat-growing areas experience several biotic and abiotic stresses, resulting in poor quality grains and reduced yield. To ensure food security for the growing population in India, there is a compelling need to explore the untapped genetic diversity available in gene banks for the development of stress-resistant/tolerant cultivars.

Identification of Genomic Regions and Sources for Wheat Blast Resistance through GWAS in Indian Wheat Genotypes.

Wheat blast (WB) is a devastating fungal disease that has recently spread to Bangladesh and poses a threat to the wheat production in India, which is the second-largest wheat producing country in the world. In this study, 350 Indian wheat genotypes were evaluated for WB resistance in 12 field experiments in three different locations, namely Jashore in Bangladesh and Quirusillas and Okinawa in Bolivia. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genome were obtained using DArTseq technology, and 7554 filtered SNP markers were selected for a genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Duplex PCR assay for detection of chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus and peanut witches' broom phytoplasma in chickpea.

A duplex PCR assay was standardized by optimizing PCR reaction constituents and cycles for the simultaneous detection of chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV) and a peanut witches' broom (PnWB) phytoplasma associated with the chickpea stunt disease. Coat protein gene and gene specific primers for CpCDV and phytoplasmas were used. Different concentrations of the PCR components such as polymerase, primers and PCR annealing temperature were standardized for the identification of the two agents by a duplex PCR assay.